The Orexin/Hypocretin System, the Peptidergic Regulator of Vigilance, Orchestrates Adaptation to Stress

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 448 - 448

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

The orexin/hypocretin neuropeptide family has emerged as a focal point of neuroscientific research following the discovery that this plays crucial role in variety physiological and behavioral processes. These neuropeptides serve powerful neuromodulators, intricately shaping autonomic, endocrine, responses across species. Notably, they master regulators vigilance stress responses; however, their roles food intake, metabolism, thermoregulation appear complementary warrant further investigation. This narrative review provides journey through evolution our understanding orexin system, from its initial to promising progress made developing derivatives. It goes beyond conventional boundaries, striving synthesize multifaceted activities orexins. Special emphasis is placed on domains such response, fear, anxiety, learning, which authors have contributed literature with original publications. paper also overviews advancement pharmacology, already yielded some successes, particularly treatment sleep disorders.

Language: Английский

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Circadian Rhythm, Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation, and Alzheimer’s Disease

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 170, P. 106044 - 106044

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic cancers

Cochrane library, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 23, 2018

Language: Английский

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Circadian Variation in Human Milk Composition, a Systematic Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 2328 - 2328

Published: Aug. 4, 2020

Background: Breastfeeding is considered the most optimal mode of feeding for neonates and mothers. Human milk changes over course lactation in order to perfectly suit infant’s nutritional immunological needs. Its composition also varies throughout day. Circadian fluctuations some bioactive components are suggested transfer chronobiological information from mother child assist development biological clock. This review aims give a complete overview studies examining human found exhibit circadian variation their concentration. Methods: We included assessing concentration specific component more than once 24 h. Study characteristics, including gestational age, lactational stage, sampling strategy, analytical method, outcome were extracted. Methodological quality was graded using modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results: A total 83 reports 71 included. Heterogeneity among high. The methodological varied widely. Significant tryptophan, fats, triacylglycerol, cholesterol, iron, melatonin, cortisol, cortisone. may play role child’s growth terms

Language: Английский

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The Circadian Clock Regulates Metabolic Phenotype Rewiring Via HKDC1 and Modulates Tumor Progression and Drug Response in Colorectal Cancer

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 33, P. 105 - 121

Published: July 1, 2018

Language: Английский

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Molecular Aspects of Circadian Pharmacology and Relevance for Cancer Chronotherapy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 18(10), P. 2168 - 2168

Published: Oct. 17, 2017

The circadian timing system (CTS) controls various biological functions in mammals including xenobiotic metabolism and detoxification, immune functions, cell cycle events, apoptosis angiogenesis. Although the importance of CTS is well known pharmacology drugs, it less appreciated at clinical level. Genome-wide studies highlighted that majority drug target genes are controlled by CTS. This suggests chronotherapeutic approaches should be taken for many drugs to enhance their effectiveness. Currently successfully applied treatment different types cancers. chronotherapy approach has improved tolerability antitumor efficacy anticancer both experimental animals cancer patients. Thus, chronobiological have been determining most appropriate time administration agents minimize side effects or toxicity efficacy, so as optimize therapeutic ratio. review focuses on underlying mechanisms i.e., chronopharmacokinetics chronopharmacodynamics with molecular aspects, provides an overview some recent advances development chronopharmaceutics.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Optimized Daylight and Views on the Sleep Duration and Cognitive Performance of Office Workers

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(9), P. 3219 - 3219

Published: May 6, 2020

A growing awareness has recently emerged on the health benefits of exposure to daylight and views. Daylight is linked circadian rhythm regulation, which can have significant impacts sleep quality cognitive function. Views nature also been shown impact emotional affect performance. This study explores optimized views performance office workers. Thirty knowledge workers spent one week working in each two environments with identical layouts, furnishings, orientations; however, was outfitted electrochromic glass other traditional blinds, producing lighting conditions 40.6 316 equivalent melanopic lux, respectively. Participants condition slept 37 min longer as measured by wrist-worn actigraphs scored 42% higher simulations designed test their order decision-making Both function were impacted after day space, yet became more over course week. The positive effect comparable for almost all participants, while increases duration significantly greater those lowest baseline duration. stresses significance designing optimize

Language: Английский

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Intracellular Oscillations and Waves

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 239 - 264

Published: Jan. 16, 2017

Dynamic processes in living cells are highly organized space and time. Unraveling the underlying molecular mechanisms of spatiotemporal pattern formation remains one outstanding challenges at interface between physics biology. A fundamental recurrent found many different cell types is that self-sustained oscillations. They involved a wide range cellular functions, including second messenger signaling, gene expression, cytoskeletal dynamics. Here, we review recent developments field oscillations focus on cases where concepts from have been instrumental for understanding mechanisms. We consider biochemical genetic oscillators as well arise chemo-mechanical coupling. Finally, highlight studies intracellular waves increasingly moved into this research field.

Language: Английский

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The Ink4a/Arf locus operates as a regulator of the circadian clock modulating RAS activity

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. e2002940 - e2002940

Published: Dec. 7, 2017

The mammalian circadian clock and the cell cycle are two major biological oscillators whose coupling influences fate decisions. In present study, we use a model-driven experimental approach to investigate interplay between components dysregulatory effects of RAS on this coupled system. particular, focus Ink4a/Arf locus as one bridging clock-cell elements. Upon perturbations by rat sarcoma viral oncogene (RAS), differential phenotype were observed in wild-type knock-out mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), which could be reproduced our modelling simulations correlated with opposing Interestingly, changes can attributed silico phase shifts expression core-clock A genome-wide analysis revealed set differentially expressed genes that form an intricate network system enriched pathways involved phenotypes. addition, machine learning complemented classified decisions dependent highlighted putative fine-tuning role Bmal1 elicitor such processes, ultimately resulting increased proliferation scenario. This indicates dysregulation might work enhancer RAS-mediated regulation cycle. Our combined vitro highlights important Ink4a/Arf-dependent modulator oncogene-induced decisions, reinforcing its function tumour-suppressor close network.

Language: Английский

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Chrononutrition—When We Eat Is of the Essence in Tackling Obesity

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(23), P. 5080 - 5080

Published: Nov. 29, 2022

Obesity is a chronic and relapsing public health problem with an extensive list of associated comorbidities. The worldwide prevalence obesity has nearly tripled over the last five decades continues to pose serious threat wider society wellbeing future generations. pathogenesis complex but diet plays key role in onset progression disease. human changed drastically across globe, estimate that approximately 72% calories consumed today come from foods were not part our ancestral diets are compatible metabolism. Additionally, multiple nutrient-independent factors, e.g., cost, accessibility, behaviours, culture, education, work commitments, knowledge societal set-up, influence food choices eating patterns. Much research been focused on ‘what eat’ or ‘how much reduce burden, increasingly evidence indicates ‘when fundamental Aligning feeding patterns 24-h circadian clock regulates wide range physiological behavioural processes health-promoting effects anti-obesity being major part. This article explores current understanding interactions between body clocks, bioactive dietary components less appreciated meal timings energy homeostasis obesity.

Language: Английский

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