Microbiota and the social brain

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 366(6465)

Published: Oct. 31, 2019

Sociability can facilitate mutually beneficial outcomes such as division of labor, cooperative care, and increased immunity, but sociability also promote negative outcomes, including aggression coercion. Accumulating evidence suggests that symbiotic microorganisms, specifically the microbiota reside within gastrointestinal system, may influence neurodevelopment programming social behaviors across diverse animal species. This relationship between host microbes hints host-microbiota interactions have influenced evolution behaviors. Indeed, is used by certain species a means to communication among conspecifics. Further understanding how brain in nature be helpful for elucidating causal mechanisms underlying generating new therapeutic strategies disorders humans, autism spectrum (ASDs).

Language: Английский

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A gut microbial factor modulates locomotor behaviour in Drosophila

Nature, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 563(7731), P. 402 - 406

Published: Oct. 23, 2018

Language: Английский

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Drosophila melanogaster establishes a species-specific mutualistic interaction with stable gut-colonizing bacteria

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. e2005710 - e2005710

Published: July 5, 2018

Animals live together with diverse bacteria that can impact their biology. In Drosophila melanogaster, gut-associated bacterial communities are relatively simple in composition but also have a strong on host development and physiology. It is generally assumed gut D. melanogaster transient constant ingestion food required to maintain presence the gut. Here, we identify species from wild-caught stably associate independently of continuous inoculation. Moreover, show specific Acetobacter wild isolates proliferate We further demonstrate interaction between isolated thailandicus mutually beneficial stability association key this mutualism. The stable population allows spreading into environment, which advantageous bacterium itself. dissemination turn because next generation flies develops particularly bacterium. A. leads faster higher fertility emerging adults when compared other flies. Furthermore, sufficient axenic or freshly collected figs, respectively. This isolate colonizes several genotypes not closely related simulans, indicating specific. work establishes new conceptual model understand melanogaster–gut microbiota interactions an ecological context; be mutualistic through microbial farming, common strategy insects. these results develop use as study proliferation colonization.

Language: Английский

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The Drosophila model for microbiome research

Lab Animal, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 47(6), P. 157 - 164

Published: May 15, 2018

Language: Английский

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The microbiome and mosquito vectorial capacity: rich potential for discovery and translation

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: May 18, 2021

Microbiome research has gained considerable interest due to the emerging evidence of its impact on human and animal health. As in other animals, gut-associated microbiota mosquitoes affect host fitness phenotypes. It is now well established that microbes can alter pathogen transmission mosquitoes, either positively or negatively, avenues are being explored exploit for vector control. However, less attention been paid how phenotypes vectorial capacity. Several mosquito components, such as density, biting rate, survival, competence, extrinsic incubation period all influence transmission. Recent studies also indicate each these therefore ultimately modulate Promisingly, this expands options available control by targeting parameters there still many knowledge gaps regarding mosquito-microbe interactions need be addressed order them efficiently. Here, we review current impacts microbiome aspects capacity, highlight likely opportunities novel strategies areas where further required. Video abstract.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiome modulates Drosophila aggression through octopamine signaling

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: May 11, 2021

Abstract Gut microbiome profoundly affects many aspects of host physiology and behaviors. Here we report that gut modulates aggressive behaviors in Drosophila . We found germ-free males showed substantial decrease inter-male aggression, which could be rescued by microbial re-colonization. These are not as competitive wild-type for mating with females, although they displayed regular levels locomotor courtship further interacted diet during a critical developmental period the proper expression octopamine manifestation aggression adult males. findings provide insights into how specific through interaction development.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms underlying gut microbiota–host interactions in insects

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 224(2)

Published: Jan. 15, 2021

ABSTRACT Insects are the most diverse group of animals and colonize almost all environments on our planet. This diversity is reflected in structure function microbial communities inhabiting insect digestive system. As mammals, gut microbiota insects can have important symbiotic functions, complementing host nutrition, facilitating dietary breakdown or providing protection against pathogens. There an increasing number models that experimentally tractable, mechanistic studies microbiota–host interactions. In this Review, we will summarize recent findings advanced understanding molecular mechanisms underlying symbiosis between their microbiota. We open article with a general introduction to then turn towards discussion particular processes governing colonization environment as well beneficial roles mediated by The Review highlights that, although active field research implications for fundamental applied science, still early stage mechanisms. However, expanding capability culture microbiomes manipulate microbe–host interactions promises new insights from symbioses.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic Basis for Mutualism between Gut Bacteria and Its Impact on the Drosophila melanogaster Host

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 85(2)

Published: Nov. 1, 2018

The digestive tracts of animals are home to a community microorganisms, the gut microbiota, which affects growth, development, and health host. Interactions among microbes in this inner ecosystem can influence species colonize lead changes host physiology. We investigated mutually beneficial interaction between two bacterial from microbiota fruit flies. By coculturing bacteria vitro , we were able identify metabolic gene required for grow better together than they do separately. Our data suggest that one consumes waste products other, leading greater productivity microbial modifying nutrients available This study provides starting point investigating how these other benefit by sharing metabolites determining impact mutualism on health.

Language: Английский

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Drosophila as a model for the gut microbiome

PLoS Pathogens, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. e1008398 - e1008398

Published: April 23, 2020

Language: Английский

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Drosophila melanogaster as a Versatile Model Organism in Food and Nutrition Research

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 66(15), P. 3737 - 3753

Published: April 5, 2018

Drosophila melanogaster has been widely used in the biological sciences as a model organism. relatively short life span of 60-80 days, which makes it attractive for studies. Moreover, approximately 60% fruit fly genes are orthologs to mammals. Thus, metabolic and signal transduction pathways highly conserved. Maintenance reproduction do not require sophisticated equipment rather cheap. Furthermore, there fewer ethical issues involved experimental research compared with studies laboratory rodents, such rats mice. is increasingly recognized organism food nutrition research. often fed complex solid diets based on yeast, corn, agar. There also so-called holidic available that defined terms their amino acid, fatty carbohydrate, vitamin, mineral, trace element compositions. Feed intake, body composition, locomotor activity, intestinal barrier function, microbiota, cognition, fertility, aging, can be systematically determined response dietary factors. diet-induced pathophysiological mechanisms including inflammation stress responses may evaluated under conditions. Here, we critically evaluate versatile research, review corresponding data literature, make suggestions future directions

Language: Английский

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