Risk Factors Associated With Post−COVID-19 Condition

JAMA Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 183(6), P. 566 - 566

Published: March 23, 2023

Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) is a complex heterogeneous disorder that has affected the lives of millions people globally. Identification potential risk factors to better understand who at developing PCC important because it would allow for early and appropriate clinical support.To evaluate demographic characteristics comorbidities have been found be associated with an increased PCC.Medline Embase databases were systematically searched from inception December 5, 2022.The meta-analysis included all published studies investigated and/or predictors in adult (≥18 years) patients.Odds ratios (ORs) each factor pooled selected studies. For factor, random-effects model was used compare between individuals without factor. Data analyses performed 2022, February 10, 2023.The patient age; sex; body mass index, calculated as weight kilograms divided by height meters squared; smoking status; comorbidities, including anxiety depression, asthma, chronic kidney disease, obstructive pulmonary diabetes, immunosuppression, ischemic heart disease; previous hospitalization or ICU (intensive care unit) admission COVID-19; vaccination against COVID-19.The initial search yielded 5334 records which 255 articles underwent full-text evaluation, identified 41 total 860 783 patients included. The findings showed female sex (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.41-1.73), age 1.21; 1.11-1.33), high BMI 1.15; 1.08-1.23), 1.10; 1.07-1.13) PCC. In addition, presence 2.48; 1.97-3.13 OR, 2.37; 2.18-2.56, respectively). Patients had vaccinated COVID-19 2 doses significantly lower compared not 0.57; 0.43-0.76).This systematic review demonstrated certain (eg, sex), severe PCC, whereas protective role sequelae. These may enable understanding develop provide additional evidence benefits vaccination.PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42022381002.

Language: Английский

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Protective effectiveness of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity against the omicron variant and severe disease: a systematic review and meta-regression

The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(5), P. 556 - 567

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

BackgroundThe global surge in the omicron (B.1.1.529) variant has resulted many individuals with hybrid immunity (immunity developed through a combination of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination). We aimed to systematically review magnitude duration protective effectiveness previous against severe disease caused by variant.MethodsFor this systematic meta-regression, we searched for cohort, cross-sectional, case–control studies MEDLINE, Embase, Web Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials, WHO COVID-19 database, Europe PubMed from Jan 1, 2020, June 2022, using keywords related SARS-CoV-2, reinfection, effectiveness, infection, presence antibodies, immunity. The main outcomes were reinfection hospital admission or immunity, relative alone, vaccination fewer vaccine doses. Risk bias was assessed Bias In Non-Randomized Studies Interventions Tool. used log-odds random-effects meta-regression estimate protection at 1-month intervals. This study registered PROSPERO (CRD42022318605).Findings11 reporting 15 included. For there 97 estimates (27 moderate risk 70 serious bias). 74·6% (95% CI 63·1–83·5) 12 months. waned 24·7% 16·4–35·5) 153 (78 75 97·4% 91·4–99·2) months primary series 95·3% (81·9–98·9) 6 first booster after most recent vaccination. Against following 41·8% 31·5–52·8) months, while 46·5% (36·0–57·3) months.InterpretationAll within but remained high sustained disease. Individuals had highest durability protection, as result might be able extend period before vaccinations are needed compared who have never been infected.FundingWHO Solidarity Response Fund Coalition Epidemic Preparedness Innovations.

Language: Английский

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Effect of covid-19 vaccination on long covid: systematic review

BMJ Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. e000385 - e000385

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

To determine the effect of covid-19 vaccination, given before and after acute infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus, or a diagnosis long covid, on rates symptoms covid.Systematic review.PubMed, Embase, Cochrane trials, Europe PubMed Central (Europe PMC) for preprints, from 1 January 2020 to 3 August 2022.Trials, cohort studies, case-control studies reporting patients covid vaccination covid. Risk bias was assessed ROBINS-I tool.1645 articles were screened but no randomised controlled trials found. 16 observational five countries (USA, UK, France, Italy, Netherlands) identified that reported 614 392 patients. The most common studied fatigue, cough, loss sense smell, shortness breath, taste, headache, muscle ache, difficulty sleeping, concentrating, worry anxiety, memory confusion. 12 data 10 showed significant reduction in incidence covid: odds ratio developing one dose vaccine ranged 0.22 1.03; two doses, ratios 0.25-1; three 0.16; any dose, 0.48-1.01. Five infection, 0.38-0.91. high heterogeneity between precluded meaningful meta-analysis. failed adjust potential confounders, such as other protective behaviours missing data, thus increasing risk decreasing certainty evidence low.Current suggest vaccines might have therapeutic effects More robust comparative are needed, however, clearly effectiveness preventing treating covid.Open Science Framework https://osf.io/e8jdy.

Language: Английский

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Protective effect of COVID-19 vaccination against long COVID syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Vaccine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 41(11), P. 1783 - 1790

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

Language: Английский

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Effect of COVID-19 Vaccines on Reducing the Risk of Long COVID in the Real World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(19), P. 12422 - 12422

Published: Sept. 29, 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still in a global pandemic state. Some studies have reported that COVID-19 vaccines had protective effect against long COVID. However, the conclusions of on COVID were not consistent. This study aimed to systematically review relevant real world, and performed meta-analysis explore relationship between vaccination We searched PubMed, Embase, Web science, ScienceDirect from inception 19 September 2022. PICO (P: patients; I: intervention; C: comparison; O: outcome) was as follows: patients diagnosed with (P); (I); divided into vaccinated unvaccinated groups (C); outcomes occurrence COVID, well various symptoms (O). A fixed-effect model random-effects chosen based heterogeneity order pool value. results showed group 29% lower risk developing compared (RR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.58-0.87,

Language: Английский

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Long-COVID Symptoms in Individuals Infected with Different SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Viruses, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 2629 - 2629

Published: Nov. 25, 2022

The association of SARS-CoV-2 variants with long-COVID symptoms is still scarce, but new data are appearing at a fast pace. This systematic review compares the prevalence according to relevant in COVID-19 survivors. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, EMBASE and Web Science databases, as well medRxiv bioRxiv preprint servers, were searched up 25 October 2022. Case-control cohort studies analyzing presence post-COVID after an acute infection by Alpha (B.1.1.7), Delta (B.1.617.2) or Omicron (B.1.1.529/BA.1) included. Methodological quality was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. From 430 identified, 5 peer-reviewed 1 met inclusion criteria. sample included 355 patients infected historical variant, 512 41,563 57,616 variant. methodological all high. higher individuals variant (50%) compared those Alpha, variants. It seems that smallest, current heterogeneous, long-term have, this stage, obviously shorter follow-up earlier Fatigue most prevalent symptom variants, pain likewise prevalent. available suggest results fewer previous variants; however, small number lack control cofounders, e.g., reinfections vaccine status, some limit generality results. appears more likely develop symptomatology.

Language: Английский

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Long COVID: pathophysiological factors and abnormalities of coagulation

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(6), P. 321 - 344

Published: April 19, 2023

Acute COVID-19 infection is followed by prolonged symptoms in approximately one ten cases: known as Long COVID. The disease affects ~65 million individuals worldwide. Many pathophysiological processes appear to underlie COVID, including viral factors (persistence, reactivation, and bacteriophagic action of SARS CoV-2); host (chronic inflammation, metabolic endocrine dysregulation, immune autoimmunity); downstream impacts (tissue damage from the initial infection, tissue hypoxia, dysbiosis, autonomic nervous system dysfunction). These mechanisms culminate long-term persistence disorder characterized a thrombotic endothelialitis, endothelial hyperactivated platelets, fibrinaloid microclots. abnormalities blood vessels coagulation affect every organ represent unifying pathway for various

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 and its long-term sequelae: what do we know in 2023?

Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnętrznej, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2023

Post‑viral syndrome is a well‑known medical condition characterized by different levels of physical, cognitive, and emotional impairment that may persist with fluctuating severity after recovering from an acute viral infection. Unsurprisingly, COVID‑19 also be accompanied medium- long‑term clinical sequelae SARS‑CoV‑2 Although many definitions have been provided, "long‑COVID" can defined as occurring in patients history infection, developing 3 months the symptoms onset, persisting for at least 2 months, not explained alternative diagnoses. According to recent global analyses, cumulative prevalence long‑COVID seems range between 9% 63%, up 6‑fold higher than similar postviral infection conditions. Long‑COVID primarily encompasses presence 1 symptom, such fatigue, dyspnea, cognitive / brain fog, postexertional malaise, memory issues, musculoskeletal pain spasms, cough, sleep disturbances, tachycardia palpitations, altered smell taste perception, headache, chest pain, depression. The most important demographic predictors date are female sex, older age, cigarette smoking, pre‑existing conditions, lack vaccination, pre‑Omicron variants, number phase symptoms, load, severe critical illness, well invasive mechanical ventilation. Concerning care patients, greatest challenge fact this cannot considered single entity, thus it needs integrated multidisciplinary management, specifically tailored type symptoms.

Language: Английский

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Recovery and symptom trajectories up to two years after SARS-CoV-2 infection: population based, longitudinal cohort study

BMJ, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e074425 - e074425

Published: May 31, 2023

To evaluate longer term symptoms and health outcomes associated with post-covid-19 condition within a cohort of individuals SARS-CoV-2 infection.Population based, longitudinal cohort.General population canton Zurich, Switzerland.1106 adults confirmed infection who were not vaccinated before 628 did have an infection.Trajectories self-reported status covid-19 related between months six, 12, 18, 24 after excess risk at six compared had no infection.22.9% (95% confidence interval 20.4% to 25.6%) infected fully recover by months. The proportion reported having recovered decreased 18.5% (16.2% 21.1%) 12 17.2% (14.0% 20.8%) infection. When assessing changes in status, most participants continued recovery (68.4% (63.8% 72.6%)) or overall improvement (13.5% (10.6% 17.2%)) over time. Yet, 5.2% (3.5% 7.7%) worsening 4.4% (2.9% 6.7%) alternating periods impairment. point prevalence severity also time, 18.1% (14.8% 21.9%) reporting 8.9% (6.5% 11.2%) all four follow-up time points, while 12.5% (9.8% 15.9%) alternatingly absent present. Symptom was higher among those (adjusted difference 17.0% (11.5% 22.4%)). Excess difference) for individual ranged from 2% 10%, the highest risks observed altered taste smell (7.7% 11.8%)), post-exertional malaise (9.4% (6.1% 12.7%)), fatigue (5.4% (1.2% 9.5%)), dyspnoea (7.8% (5.2% 10.4%)), reduced concentration (8.3% (6.0% 10.7%)) memory (5.7% 7.9%)).Up 18% up two years infection, evidence symptom controls. Effective interventions are needed reduce burden condition. Use multiple outcome measures consideration expected rates heterogeneity trajectories important design interpretation clinical trials.ISRCTN18181860, .

Language: Английский

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A review of cytokine-based pathophysiology of Long COVID symptoms

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: March 31, 2023

The Long COVID/Post Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) group includes patients with initial mild-to-moderate symptoms during the acute phase illness, in whom recovery is prolonged, or new are developed over months. Here, we propose a description pathophysiology COVID presentation based on inflammatory cytokine cascades and p38 MAP kinase signaling pathways that regulate production. In this model, SARS-CoV-2 viral infection hypothesized to trigger dysregulated peripheral immune system activation subsequent release. Chronic low-grade inflammation leads brain microglia an exaggerated release central cytokines, producing neuroinflammation. Immunothrombosis linked chronic microclot formation decreased tissue perfusion ischemia. Intermittent fatigue, Post Exertional Malaise (PEM), CNS "brain fog," arthralgias, paresthesias, dysautonomia, GI ophthalmic problems can consequently arise as result elevated cytokines. There abundant similarities between myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). DNA polymorphisms viral-induced epigenetic changes gene expression may lead patients, predisposing some develop autoimmunity, which be gateway ME/CFS.

Language: Английский

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