Health-related toxicity of emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: Comparison to legacy PFOS and PFOA

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 212, P. 113431 - 113431

Published: May 13, 2022

Language: Английский

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Consideration of pathways for immunotoxicity of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)

Environmental Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2023

Abstract Background Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are of public health concern, because their ubiquitous extremely persistent occurrence, depending on structure, bio-accumulative, mobile toxic properties. Human effects associated with exposure to PFAS include adverse the immune system. In 2020, EFSA (the European Food Safety Authority) defined system as most critical effect for human risk assessment, based reduced antibody responses childhood vaccines similar observed in experimental animal studies. Likewise, U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) considers PFAS-induced immunotoxicity, especially children, assessment. However, mechanisms by which concentrations impacted not completely understood. Furthermore, other targets functions have been reported literature. Objective The aim this review is explore PFAS-associated immune-related effects. This includes, relevant that may underlie system, immunosuppression well immunoenhancement, such i) modulation cell signalling nuclear receptors, NF-κB PPARs; ii) alteration calcium homoeostasis cells; iii) populations; iv) oxidative stress v) impact fatty acid metabolism & secondary Methods A literature research was conducted using three databases (Web Science, PubMed, Scopus), were searched July 2021 studies published time frame from 2018 2021. total, 487 publications identified potentially eligible following expert-based judgement, articles induced immunotoxicity discussed. Conclusions Taken together, we show there substantial evidence both vitro vivo epidemiological studies, supporting various PFAS, only PFOA PFOS, affect multiple aspects Timing critical, developing vulnerable insults, resulting a higher particularly but also organs later life.

Language: Английский

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The contribution of the exposome to the burden of cardiovascular disease

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(10), P. 651 - 669

Published: May 10, 2023

Large epidemiological and health impact assessment studies at the global scale, such as Global Burden of Disease project, indicate that chronic non-communicable diseases, atherosclerosis diabetes mellitus, caused almost two-thirds annual deaths in 2020. By 2030, 77% all are expected to be by diseases. Although this increase is mainly due ageing general population Western societies, other reasons include increasing effects soil, water, air noise pollution on health, together with environmental risk factors climate change, unhealthy city designs (including lack green spaces), lifestyle habits psychosocial stress. The exposome concept was established 2005 a new strategy study effect environment health. describes harmful biochemical metabolic changes occur our body owing totality different exposures throughout life course, which ultimately lead adverse premature deaths. In Review, we describe focus physical chemical their burden cardiovascular disease. We discuss selected highlight relevance for future research well preventive medicine. also challenges limitations studies. Münzel colleagues Additionally, they

Language: Английский

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Reproductive toxicity of PFOA, PFOS and their substitutes: A review based on epidemiological and toxicological evidence

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 250, P. 118485 - 118485

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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Public Health Risks of PFAS-Related Immunotoxicity Are Real

Current Environmental Health Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 118 - 127

Published: March 25, 2024

Abstract Purpose of Review The discovery per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment humans worldwide has ignited scientific research, government inquiry, public concern over numerous adverse health effects associated with PFAS exposure. In this review, we discuss use immunotoxicity data regulatory clinical decision-making contexts question whether recent efforts adequately account for decision-making. Recent Findings Government academic reviews confirm strongest human evidence is reduced antibody production response to vaccinations, particularly tetanus diphtheria. However, events, such as economic analysis supporting proposed national primary drinking water regulations monitoring recommendations, indicate a failure incorporate these into decisions. Summary To be more protective health, recommend using all relevant inform current future PFAS-related chemical risk assessment regulation. Biological measures immune system effects, levels vaccination, should used valid informative markers outcomes risks Routine toxicity testing expanded include evaluations adult developing organisms. addition, recommendations PFAS-exposed individuals communities revisited strengthened provide guidance on incorporating other actions that can taken protect against outcomes.

Language: Английский

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All-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality in the population of a large Italian area contaminated by perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (1980–2018)

Environmental Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: April 16, 2024

Abstract Background Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are associated with many adverse health conditions. Among the main effects is carcinogenicity in humans, which deserves to be further clarified. An evident association has been reported for kidney cancer testicular cancer. In 2013, a large episode of surface, ground drinking water contamination PFAS was uncovered three provinces Veneto Region (northern Italy) involving 30 municipalities population about 150,000. We report on temporal evolution all-cause mortality selected cause-specific by calendar period birth cohort local between 1980 2018. Methods The Italian National Institute Health pre-processed made available anonymous data from Statistics death certificate archives residents Vicenza, Padua Verona (males, n = 29,629; females, 29,518) who died Calendar analysis done calculating standardised ratios using total same as reference. performed 20–84 years cumulative ratios. Exposure defined being resident one Red area , where aqueduct supplying fed contaminated groundwater. Results During 34 1985 (assumed beginning date contamination) 2018 (last year availability data), we observed 51,621 deaths vs. 47,731 expected (age- sex-SMR: 108; 90% CI: 107–109). found evidence raised cardiovascular disease (in particular, heart diseases ischemic disease) malignant neoplastic diseases, including Conclusions For first time, an exposure formally demonstrated. regarding consistent previously data.

Language: Английский

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Plasma levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are associated with altered levels of proteins previously linked to inflammation, metabolism and cardiovascular disease

Environment International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 177, P. 107979 - 107979

Published: May 24, 2023

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been linked to immunotoxic cardiometabolic effects in both experimental epidemiological studies, but with conflicting results. The aim of the present study was investigate potential associations between plasma PFAS levels preselected proteomic biomarkers previously inflammation, metabolism cardiovascular disease. Three (perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic (PFOA) perfluorohexane (PFHxS)) were measured by non-targeted metabolomics 249 proximity extension assay (PEA) from 2,342 individuals within Epidemiology for Health (EpiHealth) Sweden (45–75 years old, 50.6 % men). After adjustment age sex, 92% significant PFOS concentrations proteins inverse (p < 0.0002, Bonferroni-adjusted). results not as clear PFOA PFHxS, still 80% 64 being inverse. age, smoking, education, exercise habits alcohol consumption, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), paraoxonase type 3 (PON3) remained positively associated all three PFAS, while resistin (RETN) urokinase plasminogen activator surface (uPAR) showed PFAS. Our findings imply that exposure is cross-sectionally altered disease middle-aged humans.

Language: Английский

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PFASs: What can we learn from the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative HBM4EU

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 250, P. 114168 - 114168

Published: April 15, 2023

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were one of the priority substance groups selected which have been investigated under ambitious European Joint programme HBM4EU (2017-2022). In order to answer policy relevant questions concerning exposure health effects PFASs in Europe several activities developed namely i) synthesis HBM data generated prior by developing new platforms, ii) development a Quality Assurance/Quality Control Program covering 12 biomarkers PFASs, iii) aligned harmonized human biomonitoring studies PFASs. addition, some cohort (on mother-child exposure, occupational hexavalent chromium) initiated, literature researches on risk assessment mixtures PFAS, effect performed. The Aligned Studies internal reference levels for 1957 teenagers aged 12-18 years. results showed that serum 14.3% exceeded 6.9 μg/L corresponds EFSA guideline value tolerable weekly intake (TWI) 4.4 ng/kg (PFOA, PFOS, PFNA PFHxS). Northern Western Europe, 24% this level. most sources identified drinking water foods (fish, eggs, offal locally produced foods). also revealed very high workers (P95: 192 chrome plating facilities), highlighting importance monitoring specific workplaces. environmental contaminated hotspots causing population identified. conclusion, frequent evidenced strongly suggests need take all possible measures prevent further contamination population, addition adopting remediation hotspot areas, protect environment. findings support restriction whole group Further, research definition additional toxicological dose-effect relationship values more compounds is needed.

Language: Английский

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Prenatal Exposure to Chemical Mixtures and Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Children

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(5), P. e2412040 - e2412040

Published: May 23, 2024

Importance Prenatal exposure to ubiquitous endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may increase the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children, but few studies have studied chemical mixtures or explored underlying protein and signatures. Objective To investigate associations prenatal EDC with MetS score children identify associated proteins metabolites. Design, Setting, Participants This population-based, birth cohort study used data collected between April 1, 2003, February 26, 2016, from Human Early Life Exposome based France, Greece, Lithuania, Norway, Spain, UK. Eligible participants included mother-child pairs measured exposures complete on childhood factors, proteins, Data were analyzed October 2022 July 2023. Exposures Nine metals, 3 organochlorine pesticides, 5 polychlorinated biphenyls, 2 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), 10 phthalate metabolites, phenols, 4 parabens, organophosphate pesticide metabolites urine blood samples during pregnancy. Main Outcomes Measures At 6 11 years age, a composite was constructed using z scores waist circumference, systolic diastolic pressures, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin levels. Childhood levels 44 urinary 177 serum 35 plasma quantified targeted methods. Associations assessed bayesian weighted quantile sum regressions applied for each group. Results The 1134 mothers (mean [SD] age at birth, 30.7 [4.9] years) their 7.8 [1.5] years; 617 male [54.4%] 517 female [45.6%]; mean score, −0.1 [2.3]). increased per 1-quartile mixture metals (β = 0.44; 95% credible interval [CrI], 0.30 0.59), pesticides 0.22; CrI, 0.15 0.29), PBDEs 0.17; 0.06 0.27), PFAS 0.19; 0.14 0.24). High-molecular weight −0.07; −0.10 −0.04) low-molecular −0.13; −0.18 −0.08) decreased score. Most elevated proinflammatory amino acids, altered glycerophospholipids, which turn Conclusions Relevance suggests that be adverse health children. Given pervasive nature EDCs MetS, these findings hold substantial public implications.

Language: Английский

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Prenatal and childhood exposure to per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and its associations with childhood overweight and/or obesity: a systematic review with meta-analyses

Environmental Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Aug. 14, 2023

Per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent organic pollutants and suspected endocrine disruptors.The aim of this work was to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis summarise the associations between prenatal or childhood exposure PFASs overweight/obesity.The search performed on bibliographic databases PubMed Embase text strings containing terms related prenatal, breastfeeding, childhood, overweight, obesity, PFASs. Only papers describing biomonitoring study in pregnant women children up 18 years that assessed body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fat were included. When estimates association PFAS an outcome reported from at least 3 studies, conducted; moreover, correctly compare we developed method convert different effect made them comparable each other. Meta-analyses also stratifying by sex age, sensitivity analyses performed.In total, 484 779 articles retrieved Embase, respectively, resulting total 826 after merging duplicates. The included 49: 26 evaluating PFASs, 17 exposure, 6 both. Considering qualitative evaluation, results conflicting, positive, negative, null associations. 30 meta-analyses (19 7 children, 4 both). Positive evidenced PFNA BMI, PFOA BMI who more than years, WC. Negative found PFOS less PFHxS risk overweight. Relatively consistent negative three (PFOA, PFOS, PFNA) particular boys. However, heterogeneity among studies high.Even though heterogeneous across pooled evidence suggests possible associations, mostly some BMI/WC; relatively stronger for BMI.

Language: Английский

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