Human Consumption of Microplastics

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 53(12), P. 7068 - 7074

Published: June 5, 2019

Microplastics are ubiquitous across ecosystems, yet the exposure risk to humans is unresolved. Focusing on American diet, we evaluated number of microplastic particles in commonly consumed foods relation their recommended daily intake. The potential for inhalation and how source drinking water may affect consumption were also explored. Our analysis used 402 data points from 26 studies, which represents over 3600 processed samples. Evaluating approximately 15% Americans' caloric intake, estimate that annual microplastics ranges 39000 52000 depending age sex. These estimates increase 74000 121000 when considered. Additionally, individuals who meet intake through only bottled sources be ingesting an additional 90000 annually, compared 4000 those consume tap water. subject large amounts variation; however, given methodological limitations, these values likely underestimates.

Language: Английский

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Environmental exposure to microplastics: An overview on possible human health effects

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 702, P. 134455 - 134455

Published: Oct. 4, 2019

Language: Английский

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Detection of Various Microplastics in Human Stool

Annals of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 171(7), P. 453 - 457

Published: Sept. 2, 2019

Microplastics are ubiquitous in natural environments. Ingestion of microplastics has been described marine organisms, whereby particles may enter the food chain.To examine human feces for presence to determine whether humans involuntarily ingest them.Prospective case series which participants completed a diary and sampled stool according step-by-step instructions.Europe Asia.Eight healthy volunteers aged 33 65 years.After chemical digestion, Fourier-transform infrared microspectroscopy was used analyze shape 10 common types microplastic samples.All 8 samples tested positive microplastics. A median 20 (50 500 µm size) per g were identified. Overall, 9 plastic detected, with polypropylene polyethylene terephthalate being most abundant.There few participants, each provided only 1 sample. The origin fate gastrointestinal tract not investigated.Various detected stool, suggesting inadvertent ingestion from different sources. Further research on extent intake potential effect health is needed.None.

Language: Английский

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A Detailed Review Study on Potential Effects of Microplastics and Additives of Concern on Human Health

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 1212 - 1212

Published: Feb. 13, 2020

The distribution and abundance of microplastics into the world are so extensive that many scientists use them as key indicators recent contemporary period defining a new historical epoch: Plasticene. However, implications not yet thoroughly understood. There is considerable complexity involved to understand their impact due different physical–chemical properties make multifaceted stressors. If, on one hand, carry toxic chemicals in ecosystems, thus serving vectors transport, they themselves, other cocktail hazardous added voluntarily during production additives increase polymer prolong life. To date, there lack knowledge major concern used plastic industry, fate once dispose environment, consequent effects human health when associated with micro nanoplastics. present study emphasizes most dangerous chemical substances contained all products describe these health, providing detailed overview studies have investigated microplastics. In work, we conducted capillary review literature nanoplastic exposure pathways potential risk summarize current intention better focus future research this area fill gaps.

Language: Английский

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Marine microplastic debris: An emerging issue for food security, food safety and human health

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 133, P. 336 - 348

Published: June 19, 2018

Recent studies have demonstrated the negative impacts of microplastics on wildlife. Therefore, presence in marine species for human consumption and high intake seafood (fish shellfish) some countries cause concern about potential effects health. In this brief review, evidence contamination by is reviewed, consequences environment food security, safety health are discussed. Furthermore, challenges gaps knowledge identified. The adverse due to organisms containing very limited, difficult assess still controversial. Thus, assessment risk posed humans challenging. Research urgently needed, especially regarding exposure associated micro- nano-sized plastics.

Language: Английский

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Evidence of microplastic accumulation in agricultural soils from sewage sludge disposal

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 671, P. 411 - 420

Published: March 24, 2019

Microplastics are emerging as a steadily increasing environmental threat. Wastewater treatment plants efficiently remove microplastics from sewage, trapping the particles in sludge and preventing their entrance into aquatic environments. Treatment essentially taking out of waste water concentrating them sludge, however. It has become common practice to use this on agricultural soils fertilizer. The aim current research was evaluate microplastic contamination by practice, assessing implications successive applications looking at total count soil samples. Thirty-one fields with different application records similar edaphoclimatic conditions were evaluated. Field covered ten year period. For all fields, historical disposal events used same amount (40 ton ha-1 dry weight). Extraction done flotation then counted classified help microscope. Seven samples collected that underwent during study Soils where 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 had been performed median 1.1, 1.6, 1.7, 2.3, 3.5 g-1 soil, respectively. There statistical differences contents related number field undergone (1, 3 < 5). Microplastic content ranged 18 41 g-1, 34 g-1. majority observed fibers (90% 97% soil). Our results indicate counts increase over time performed. stress relevance driver contamination.

Language: Английский

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Atmospheric microplastics: A review on current status and perspectives

Earth-Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 203, P. 103118 - 103118

Published: Feb. 10, 2020

Microplastics have recently been detected in the atmosphere of urban, suburban, and even remote areas far away from source regions microplastics, suggesting potential long-distance atmospheric transport for microplastics. There still exist questions regarding occurrence, fate, transport, effect These arise due to limited physical analysis understanding microplastic pollution conjunction with a lack standardized sampling identification methods. This paper reviews current status knowledge on methods sample collection, detection. We review compare used previous studies provide recommendations measurement. Furthermore, we summarize findings related characteristics, including abundance, size, shapes, colours, polymer types. occur urban areas, an abundance/deposition spanning 1–3 orders magnitude across different sites. Fibres fragments are most frequently reported shapes types plastic which generally aligns world demand. conclude that microplastics require further research greater identify its global distributions exposure human health through field implementation analytical protocols.

Language: Английский

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Emergence of Nanoplastic in the Environment and Possible Impact on Human Health

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 53(4), P. 1748 - 1765

Published: Jan. 10, 2019

On account of environmental concerns, the fate and adverse effects plastics have attracted considerable interest in past few years. Recent studies indicated potential for fragmentation plastic materials into nanoparticles, i.e., "nanoplastics," their possible accumulation environment. Nanoparticles can show markedly different chemical physical properties than bulk material form. Therefore risks hazards to environment need be considered addressed. However, effect nanoplastics (aquatic) has so far been little explored. In this review, we aim provide an overview literature on emerging topic, with emphasis reported impacts human health, including challenges involved detecting a biological We first discuss sources fates then describe entry routes these particles body, as well uptake mechanisms at cellular level. Since humans not yet extensively studied, focus demonstrating cell responses induced by polystyrene nanoparticles. particular, influence particle size surface chemistry are discussed, order understand recommendations future studies.

Language: Английский

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Source, migration and toxicology of microplastics in soil

Environment International, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 137, P. 105263 - 105263

Published: Feb. 19, 2020

Microplastics are emerging contaminants and their presence in water soil ecosystems has recently drawn considerable attention because they pose a great threat to entire ecosystems. Recent researches have focused on the detection, occurrence, characterization, toxicology of microplastics marine freshwater ecosystems; however, our understanding ecological effects is still limited compared with that aquatic Here, we compiled literature, studying sources, migration soil, negative impacts health function, trophic transfer food chains, corresponding adverse organisms order address potential human risks caused by soil. This review aims gaps knowledge, shed light propose future studies microplastic pollution resultant ecotoxicity. Furthermore, this limiting establishing management remediation measures mitigate posed pollution.

Language: Английский

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Detection of microplastics in human lung tissue using μFTIR spectroscopy

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 831, P. 154907 - 154907

Published: March 30, 2022

Airborne microplastics (MPs) have been sampled globally, and their concentration is known to increase in areas of high human population activity, especially indoors. Respiratory symptoms disease following exposure occupational levels MPs within industry settings also reported. It remains be seen whether from the environment can inhaled, deposited accumulated lungs. This study analysed digested lung tissue samples (n = 13) using μFTIR spectroscopy (size limitation 3 μm) detect characterise any present. In total, 39 were identified 11 13 with an average 1.42 ± 1.50 MP/g (expressed as 0.69 0.84 after background subtraction adjustments). The MP significantly higher than those combined procedural/laboratory blanks 9 MPs, a mean SD 0.53 1.07, p 0.001). Of detected, 12 polymer types polypropylene, PP (23%), polyethylene terephthalate, PET (18%) resin (15%) most abundant. (unadjusted) all regions categorised upper (0.80 0.96 MP/g), middle/lingular (0.41 0.37 detected lower (3.12 1.30 MP/g) region compared (p 0.026) mid 0.038) regions. After subtracting blanks, these became 0.23 0.28, 0.33 1.65 0.88 respectively. demonstrates highest level contamination control reports unadjusted values alongside different adjustment techniques. These results support inhalation route for environmental this characterisation now inform realistic conditions laboratory experiments, aim determining health impacts.

Language: Английский

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