Microbiota in Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Endometriosis: Birds of a Feather Flock Together—A Review

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 2089 - 2089

Published: Aug. 15, 2023

Endometriosis and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are chronic conditions affecting up to 10% of the global population, imposing significant burdens on healthcare systems patient quality life. Interestingly, around 20% endometriosis patients also present with symptoms indicative IBS. The pathogenesis both these multifactorial remains be fully elucidated, but connections gut microbiota becoming more apparent. Emerging research underscores differences in composition between healthy individuals those suffering from either or Intestinal dysbiosis appears pivotal conditions, exerting an influence via similar mechanisms. It impacts intestinal permeability, triggers inflammatory reactions, initiates immune responses. Furthermore, it is entwined a bidirectional relationship brain, as part gut–brain axis, whereby influences influenced by mental health pain perception. Recent years have witnessed development microbiota-focused therapies, such low FODMAP diets, prebiotics, probiotics, antibiotics, fecal transplantation, designed tackle relieve symptoms. While promising, treatments inconsistent data, highlighting need for further research. This review explores evidence IBS endometriosis, underscoring role conditions. A deeper understanding this common mechanism may enable enhanced diagnostics therapeutic advancements.

Language: Английский

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Endometriosis: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Pathophysiology, Treatment, and Nutritional Aspects, and Its Repercussions on the Quality of Life of Patients

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 1476 - 1476

Published: July 4, 2024

Endometriosis is a chronic proinflammatory pathology characterized by the growth of tissue similar to endometrium outside uterus, affecting approximately 5 15% women worldwide. Suffering from endometriosis entails complex pathophysiological process, significantly impacting quality life and reproductive function affected women; therefore, it must be addressed in personalized comprehensive manner, as its management requires multidisciplinary approach. This article aims conduct literature review endometriosis, not only condition but also significant factor social, nutritional, mental well-being those who experience it. Emphasis placed on importance understanding assessing impact provide better more approach, integrating various alternatives strategic treatments for factors involved development. The aim complete overview pathophysiology patients, well current treatment options, both pharmacological alternative, order broaden perspective improve care patients with this disease.

Language: Английский

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Role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of endometriosis: a review

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 5, 2024

Endometriosis is classically defined as a chronic inflammatory heterogeneous disorder occurring in any part of the body, characterized by estrogen-driven periodic bleeding, proliferation, and fibrosis ectopic endometrial glands stroma outside uterus. can take overwhelmingly serious damage to structure function multi-organ, even impair whole-body systems, resulting severe dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, infertility, fatigue depression 5-10% women reproductive age. Precisely because huge deficiency cognition about underlying etiology complex pathogenesis debilitating disease, early diagnosis treatment modalities with relatively minor side effects become bottlenecks endometriosis. Thus, endometriosis warrants deeper exploration expanded investigation pathogenesis. The gut microbiota plays significant role diseases humans acting an important participant regulator metabolism immunity body. Increasingly, studies have shown that closely related inflammation, estrogen metabolism, development progression In this review, we discuss diverse mechanisms order provide new approaches for on prevention, treatment.

Language: Английский

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Effects of the gut microbiota and its metabolite short-chain fatty acids on endometriosis

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 13, 2024

In recent years, a growing body of research has confirmed that the gut microbiota plays major role in maintenance human health and disease. A imbalance can lead to development many diseases, such as pregnancy complications, adverse outcomes, polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, cancer. Short-chain fatty acids are metabolites specific intestinal bacteria crucial for maintaining homeostasis regulating metabolism immunity. Endometriosis is result cell proliferation, escape from immune surveillance, invasive metastasis. There strong correlation between anti-proliferative anti-inflammatory effects short-chain produced by microbes endometriosis. Given mechanism action endometriosis remain unclear, this paper aims provide comprehensive review complex interactions flora, addition, we explored potential microbial-based treatment strategies providing new insights into future diagnostic tests prevention methods

Language: Английский

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Update on the pathogenesis of endometriosis-related infertility based on contemporary evidence

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 10, 2025

Endometriosis, the most prevalent cause of infertility, is associated with anatomical distortion leading to adhesions and fibrosis, as well endocrine abnormalities immune disorders. This review discusses mechanisms underlying endometriosis-related infertility. Firstly, alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis lead secretion gonadotropins steroid hormones, adverse effects on ovulation implantation, fertility decline. Secondly, dysregulation hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal induces elevated serum cortisol prolactin levels patients endometriosis, accounting for its regulation stress, depression, anxiety. Abnormal interactions between endometrial cells system change local microenvironment, resulting epithelial-mesenchymal transition inflammation. Activated epithelial cells, stromal immunocytes produce various chemokines, cytokines, or autoantibodies, creating an unfavorable environment embryo implantation. These findings suggest that spectrum play a crucial role Thirdly, oxidative stress has ovarian reserve subsequent embryonic development, predicting another promising strategy An unbalanced redox state, including impaired mitochondrial function, dysregulated lipid metabolism, iron-induced generates pro-oxidative which negatively impacts oocyte quality sperm viability. Thus, updated understanding involved this disease will help develop effective strategies manage

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiome–Estrobolome Profile in Reproductive-Age Women with Endometriosis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(22), P. 16301 - 16301

Published: Nov. 14, 2023

Microbiota is associated with our bodily functions and microenvironment. A healthy, balanced gut microbiome not only helps maintain mucosal integrity, prevents translocation of bacterial content, contributes to immune status, but also associates estrogen metabolism. Gut dysbiosis estrobolome dysfunction have hence been linked certain estrogen-dependent diseases, including endometriosis. While prior studies on microbiomes endometriosis shown conflicting results, most the observed microbial differences are seen in genital tract. This case-control study reproductive-age women utilizes their fecal urine samples for enzymatic, microbial, metabolic explore if patients distinguishable microbiota or altered β-glucuronidase activities, diversity, abundance did vary significantly between without endometriosis, were more enriched by Erysipelotrichia class had higher folds four estrogen/estrogen metabolites. Further needed elucidate what these results imply whether there indeed an association causation

Language: Английский

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Unraveling the microbial puzzle: exploring the intricate role of gut microbiota in endometriosis pathogenesis

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Endometriosis (EMs) is a prevalent gynecological disorder characterized by the growth of uterine tissue outside cavity, causing debilitating symptoms and infertility. Despite its prevalence, exact mechanisms behind EMs development remain incompletely understood. This article presents comprehensive overview relationship between gut microbiota imbalance pathogenesis. Recent research indicates that plays pivotal role in various aspects EMs, including immune regulation, generation inflammatory factors, angiopoietin release, hormonal endotoxin production. Dysbiosis can disrupt responses, leading to inflammation impaired clearance endometrial fragments, resulting endometriotic lesions. The dysregulated contribute release lipopolysaccharide (LPS), triggering chronic promoting ectopic adhesion, invasion, angiogenesis. Furthermore, involvement estrogen metabolism affects levels, which are directly related development. review also highlights potential as diagnostic tool therapeutic target for EMs. Interventions such fecal transplantation (FMT) use preparations have demonstrated promising effects reducing symptoms. progress made, further needed unravel intricate interactions paving way more effective prevention treatment strategies this challenging condition.

Language: Английский

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The impact of the microbiota-gut-brain axis on endometriosis-associated symptoms: mechanisms and opportunities for personalised management strategies

Reproduction and Fertility, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(2)

Published: April 1, 2024

Graphical abstract Abstract Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting one in ten women and those assigned female at birth, defined by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside uterus. It commonly associated with pain, infertility, mood disorders, often comorbid other pain conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome. Recent research has identified key role for microbiota–gut–brain axis health range neurological prompting an exploration its potential mechanistic endometriosis. Increased awareness impact gut microbiota within patient community, combined often-detrimental side effects current therapies, motivated many to utilise self-management strategies, dietary modification supplements, despite lack robust clinical evidence. Current characterised endometriosis patients animal models. However, small cohorts differing methodology have resulted little consensus on data. In this narrative review, we summarise studies that investigated their metabolic products development progression lesions, before summarising insights from into co-morbid conditions discussing reported strategies symptoms Finally, suggest ways which promising field could be expanded explore specific bacteria, improve access ‘microbial’ phenotyping, develop personalised advice reduction bloating. Lay Summary tissue, similar womb lining, growing womb. Symptoms include pelvic period during sex when going toilet, digestive disturbance bloating, depression, anxiety. Standard treatments, including surgery hormone-altering drugs, negative effects. Many use control symptoms, changing diet or taking supplements. Although some reports are helpful, there limited high-quality evidence support use. Here, discuss how adaptations impacting endometriosis-associated via changes bacteria gut. Gut communicate brain influence inflammation throughout body. Therefore, altering through can potentially benefit variety symptoms.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiome in endometriosis: a cohort study on 1000 individuals

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: July 18, 2024

Abstract Background Endometriosis, defined as the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside uterus, is one most prevalent gynecological disorders. Although different theories have been proposed, its pathogenesis not clear. Novel studies indicate that gut microbiome may be involved in etiology endometriosis; nevertheless, connection between microbes, their dysbiosis, and development endometriosis understudied. This case–control study analyzed women with without to identify microbial targets disease. Methods A subsample 1000 from Estonian Microbiome cohort, including 136 864 control women, was analyzed. Microbial composition determined by shotgun metagenomics functional pathways were annotated using Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG) database. Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) algorithm performed cluster profile population. The alpha- beta-diversity differential abundance analyses assess (species KEGG orthologies (KO)) both groups. Metagenomic reads mapped estrobolome-related enzymes’ sequences potential microbiome-estrogen metabolism axis alterations endometriosis. Results Diversity did detect significant differences (alpha-diversity: all p -values > 0.05; beta-diversity: PERMANOVA, R 2 < 0.0007, 0.05). No species or detected after multiple testing adjustment (all FDR Sensitivity analysis excluding at menopause (> 50 years) confirmed our results. Estrobolome-associated sequence significantly groups Conclusions Our findings do provide enough evidence support existence a microbiome-dependent mechanism directly implicated To best knowledge, this largest metagenome on conducted date.

Language: Английский

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Microbiota Transplant and Gynecological Disorders: The Bridge between Present and Future Treatments

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 2407 - 2407

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a procedure that involves transferring fecal bacteria from healthy donor to patients’ intestines restore gut–immunity homeostasis. While FMT was primarily supposed treat gastrointestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and irritable syndrome—and especially Clostridium difficile infection (currently the only used clinical treatment)—recent research has suggested it may also become potential treatment for gynecological disorders, including endometriosis polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). On contrary, vaginal (VMT) newer less commonly than approach, its applications are still being explored. It direct grafting of entire women into tract patients easily rebuild local environment, restoring eubiosis relieving symptoms. Like FMT, VMT thought have in treating different microbiota-related conditions. In fact, many bacterial vaginosis vulvovaginal candidiasis, be caused by an imbalance microbiota. this review, we will summarize development, current challenges, future perspectives transplant, with aim exploring new strategies employment promising avenue broad range diseases.

Language: Английский

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