Lifestyle interventions for the prevention and treatment of hypertension

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 251 - 275

Published: Oct. 9, 2020

Language: Английский

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Cortisol on Circadian Rhythm and Its Effect on Cardiovascular System

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(2), P. 676 - 676

Published: Jan. 14, 2021

The synthesis and secretion of cortisol are controlled by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Cortisol exhibits a proper 24-h circadian rhythm that affects brain, autonomic nervous system, heart, vasculature prepares cardiovascular system for optimal function during these anticipated behavioral cycles. A literature search was conducted using databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus. Relevant terms included “circadian cardiovascular”, “cortisol”, “cortisol acute coronary syndrome”, arrhythmias”, sudden cardiac death”, stroke”, “cardioprotective agents”. total 120 articles were obtained on basis above search. Lower levels seen at beginning sleep, while there rise towards end with highest level reached moment individual wakes up. In present review, we discuss role 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD1), which is novel molecular target interest treating metabolic syndrome type-2 diabetes mellitus. 11β-HSD1 major determinant excess, its inhibition alleviates abnormalities. review highlights cortisol, controls rhythm, describes effect system. provides platform future potential cardioprotective therapeutic agents.

Language: Английский

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The clinical impact of chronopharmacology on current medicine

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Abstract One of the goals clinical pharmacology is to optimize patient treatment by adopting new strategies which will increase efficacy and decrease adverse effects drugs. In literature, it has shown that effectiveness toxicity medications can vary significantly based on when they are administered, making timing a crucial factor in plans. Chronopharmacology relatively branch focuses adjusting drug administration times enhance outcomes. largely influenced an individual’s circadian rhythm refers periodic changes biological processes depending time day. The chronopharmacology influences practice, accumulating knowledge this field likely lead healthcare providers adopt for regimens. This review aims summarize impact particularly current practices highlight latest findings related chronophysiological mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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A synthetic chronogenetic gene circuit for programmed circadian drug delivery

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Circadian medicine, the delivery of therapeutic interventions based on an individual's daily rhythms, has shown improved efficacy and reduced side-effects for various treatments. Rheumatoid arthritis other inflammatory diseases are characterized by diurnal changes in cytokines, leading to flares, with peak disease activity early morning. Using a combination synthetic biology tissue engineering, we developed circadian-based gene circuits, termed "chronogenetics", that express prescribed transgene downstream core clock promoter, Period2 (Per2). Gene circuits were transduced into induced pluripotent stem cells tissue-engineered cartilage constructs. Our anti-inflammatory chronogenetic constructs produced concentrations interleukin-1 receptor antagonist vitro. Once implanted vivo, expressed circadian rhythms entrained light cycles, producing increases biologic drug at Per2 expression. This approach represents development cell-based therapy applications medicine.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of the Regulatory Effect of the Pan-PPAR Agonist Chiglitazar on the Dawn Phenomenon

Diabetes Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

The dawn phenomenon (DP), characterized by early morning hyperglycemia, poses a significant challenge in diabetes management and is associated with increased glycemic variability long-term complications. Despite its clinical impact, effective therapeutic strategies remain limited. Chiglitazar, novel pan-PPAR agonist, has demonstrated benefits improving lipid metabolism insulin sensitivity, but potential role mitigating DP remains unexplored. This study evaluates the regulatory effect of chiglitazar on investigates possible mechanisms beyond modulation. retrospective observational included 22 hospitalized diabetic patients who received (20 mg). Blood glucose levels at 3:00 a.m. fasting over three consecutive days were measured pre- post-treatment, intensity was calculated. Lipid profiles assessed to explore correlations changes. Following administration, reductions observed LDL-C (43.82 ± 18.27 vs. 36.97 16.90, p < 0.05), FFA (6.00 2.38 5.06 1.77, mean blood (Z = – 2.03, 2.96, 0.05). also significantly improved 3.48, 0.01). However, no correlation found between improvements profile changes (p > suggesting an alternative mechanism action. Chiglitazar effectively reduces improves control, independent effects metabolism. These findings suggest link chiglitazar's circadian rhythm regulation, possibly through modulation REV-ERB nuclear receptors. Further research needed confirm this hypothesis evaluate management.

Language: Английский

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Circadian Rhythms, Disease and Chronotherapy

Journal of Biological Rhythms, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 36(6), P. 503 - 531

Published: Sept. 22, 2021

Circadian clocks are biological timing mechanisms that generate 24-h rhythms of physiology and behavior, exemplified by cycles sleep/wake, hormone release, metabolism. The adaptive value is evident when internal body daily environmental mismatched, such as in the case shift work jet lag or even mistimed eating, all which associated with physiological disruption disease. Studies animal human models have also unraveled an important role functional circadian modulating cellular organismal responses to cues (ex., food intake, exercise), pathological insults (e.g. virus parasite infections), medical interventions medication). With growing knowledge molecular underlying pathophysiology, it becoming possible target for disease prevention treatment. In this review, we discuss recent advances research potential therapeutic applications take patient into account treating

Language: Английский

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Circadian Rhythms and Mitochondria: Connecting the Dots

Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Oct. 8, 2018

Circadian rhythms provide a selective advantage by anticipating organismal nutrient needs and guaranteeing optimal metabolic capacity during active hours. Impairment of circadian is associated with increased risk type 2 diabetes emerging evidence suggests that diseases are linked to perturbed clock machinery. The regulates many transcriptional-translational processes influencing whole cell metabolism particularly mitochondrial activity. In this review, we survey the current literature related cross-talks between mitochondria unravel putative molecular links. Understanding mechanisms link responses transcriptional modifications will valuable insights towards innovative therapeutic strategies combat development disease.

Language: Английский

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Circadian Rhythm, Clock Genes, and Hypertension: Recent Advances in Hypertension

Hypertension, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 78(5), P. 1185 - 1196

Published: Oct. 4, 2021

Accumulating evidence suggests that the molecular circadian clock is crucial in blood pressure (BP) control. Circadian rhythms are controlled by central clock, which resides suprachiasmatic nucleus of hypothalamus and peripheral clocks throughout body. Both light food cues entrain these but whether important for rhythm BP a growing area interest. The smooth muscle, perivascular adipose tissue, liver, adrenal gland, kidney have been recently implicated regulation rhythm. Dysregulation associated with adverse cardiorenal outcomes increased risk cardiovascular mortality. In this review, we summarize most recent advances as regulators, highlight disrupted hypertension, provide insight into potential future work areas exploring control chronotherapy. A better understanding function regulating will help pave way targeted therapeutics treatment dysregulation hypertension.

Language: Английский

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Autonomic Nervous System in Obesity and Insulin-Resistance—The Complex Interplay between Leptin and Central Nervous System

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(10), P. 5187 - 5187

Published: May 14, 2021

The role of the autonomic nervous system in obesity and insulin-resistant conditions has been largely explored. However, exact mechanisms involved this relation have not completely elucidated yet, since most these display a bi-directional effect. Insulin-resistance, for instance, can be caused by sympathetic activation, but, turn, associated hyperinsulinemia activate branch system. picture is made even more complex implicated neural, hormonal nutritional mechanisms. Among them, leptin plays pivotal role, being only appetite regulation glucose homeostasis but also energy expenditure. purpose review to offer comprehensive view interplay between central system, providing further insights on impact balance adipose tissue insulin-resistance. Furthermore, link circadian clock its effect metabolism will evaluated.

Language: Английский

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Toward Precision Medicine: Circadian Rhythm of Blood Pressure and Chronotherapy for Hypertension - 2021 NHLBI Workshop Report

Hypertension, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 80(3), P. 503 - 522

Published: Nov. 30, 2022

Healthy individuals exhibit blood pressure variation over a 24-hour period with higher during wakefulness and lower sleep. Loss or disruption of the circadian rhythm has been linked to adverse health outcomes, for example, cardiovascular disease, dementia, chronic kidney disease. However, current diagnostic therapeutic approaches lack sufficient attention rhythmicity pressure. Sleep patterns, hormone release, eating habits, digestion, body temperature, renal function, other important host functions as well gut microbiota rhythms, influence rhythms Potential benefits nonpharmacologic interventions such meal timing, pharmacologic chronotherapeutic interventions, bedtime administration antihypertensive medications, have recently suggested in some studies. mechanisms underlying rhythm-mediated regulation efficacy chronotherapy hypertension remain unclear. This review summarizes results National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute workshop convened on October 27 29, 2021 assess knowledge gaps research opportunities study hypertension.

Language: Английский

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