Stem Cell Research & Therapy,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12(1)
Published: Jan. 30, 2021
Organoids
are
derived
from
stem
cells
or
organ-specific
progenitors.
They
display
structures
and
functions
consistent
with
organs
in
vivo.
Multiple
types
of
organoids,
including
lung
can
be
generated.
applied
widely
development,
disease
modelling,
regenerative
medicine,
other
multiple
aspects.
Various
human
pulmonary
diseases
caused
by
several
factors
induced
lead
to
different
degrees
epithelial
injury.
Epithelial
repair
involves
the
participation
signalling
pathways.
Lung
organoids
provide
an
excellent
platform
model
injury
lungs.
Here,
we
review
recent
methods
cultivating
applications
after
injury,
understanding
mechanisms
investigated
using
organoids.
By
discover
regulatory
related
epithelia.
This
strategy
could
new
insights
for
more
effective
management
development
drugs.
International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
11(3), P. 213 - 739
Published: Nov. 25, 2020
I.
Executive
Summary
Background
The
5
years
since
the
publication
of
first
International
Consensus
Statement
on
Allergy
and
Rhinology:
Rhinosinusitis
(ICAR‐RS)
has
witnessed
foundational
progress
in
our
understanding
treatment
rhinologic
disease.
These
advances
are
reflected
within
more
than
40
new
topics
covered
ICAR‐RS‐2021
as
well
updates
to
original
140
topics.
This
executive
summary
consolidates
evidence‐based
findings
document.
Methods
ICAR‐RS
presents
over
180
forms
reviews
with
recommendations
(EBRRs),
reviews,
literature
reviews.
highest
grade
structured
EBRR
sections
summarized
this
summary.
Results
covers
22
regarding
medical
management
RS,
which
A/B
presented
Additionally,
4
surgical
RS
Finally,
a
comprehensive
algorithm
is
provided.
Conclusion
provides
compilation
for
most
common
RS.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: Aug. 4, 2020
The
lung
is
a
primary
organ
for
gas
exchange
in
mammals
that
represents
the
largest
epithelial
surface
direct
contact
with
external
environment.
It
also
serves
as
crucial
immune
organ,
which
harbors
both
innate
and
adaptive
cells
to
induce
potent
response.
Due
its
outer
environment,
target
many
airborne
pathogens,
toxicants
(aerosols),
allergens
causing
pneumonia,
acute
respiratory
distress
syndrome
(ARDS),
injury
or
inflammation
(ALI).
current
review
describes
immunological
mechanisms
responsible
bacterial
pneumonia
sepsis-induced
ALI.
highlights
differences
severity
of
ALI
compared
pneumonia-associated
immune-based
between
Gram-positive
Gram-negative
bacteria-induced
show
different
role
pulmonary
(PECs),
alveolar
macrophages
(AMs),
lymphoid
(ILCs),
pattern-recognition
receptors
(PRRs,
including
Toll-like
(TLRs)
inflammasome
proteins)
neutrophil
infiltration
induction
have
been
described
during
Also,
resolution
frequently
observed
associated
whereas
sepsis-associated
lacks
it.
Hence,
mainly
response
depending
on
causal
pathogen
(Gram-positive
bacteria)
should
be
taken
mind
specific
therapeutics.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
6(1)
Published: June 28, 2021
Remarkable
progress
in
ageing
research
has
been
achieved
over
the
past
decades.
General
perceptions
and
experimental
evidence
pinpoint
that
decline
of
physical
function
often
initiates
by
cell
senescence
organ
ageing.
Epigenetic
dynamics
immunometabolic
reprogramming
link
to
alterations
cellular
response
intrinsic
extrinsic
stimuli,
representing
current
hotspots
as
they
not
only
(re-)shape
individual
identity,
but
also
involve
fate
decision.
This
review
focuses
on
present
findings
emerging
concepts
epigenetic,
inflammatory,
metabolic
regulations
consequences
process.
Potential
therapeutic
interventions
targeting
regulatory
mechanisms,
using
state-of-the-art
techniques
are
discussed.
Protein & Cell,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
12(5), P. 426 - 435
Published: Dec. 9, 2020
Abstract
Although
intestinal
microbiome
have
been
established
as
an
important
biomarker
and
regulator
of
cancer
development
therapeutic
response,
less
is
known
about
the
role
at
other
body
sites
in
cancer.
Emerging
evidence
has
revealed
that
local
microbiota
make
up
part
tumor
microenvironment
across
many
types
cancer,
especially
cancers
arising
from
mucosal
sites,
including
lung,
skin
gastrointestinal
tract.
The
populations
bacteria
reside
specifically
within
tumors
found
to
be
tumor-type
specific,
mechanistic
studies
demonstrated
tumor-associated
may
directly
regulate
initiation,
progression
responses
chemo-
or
immuno-therapies.
This
review
aims
provide
a
comprehensive
literature
on
cancerous
tissue,
their
function
mechanism
action
treatment.
Immunity,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
54(2), P. 259 - 275.e7
Published: Dec. 30, 2020
The
study
of
human
macrophages
and
their
ontogeny
is
an
important
unresolved
issue.
Here,
we
use
a
humanized
mouse
model
expressing
cytokines
to
dissect
the
development
lung
from
hematopoiesis
in
vivo.
Human
CD34+
hematopoietic
stem
progenitor
cells
(HSPCs)
generated
three
macrophage
populations,
occupying
separate
anatomical
niches
lung.
Intravascular
cell
labeling,
transplantation,
fate-mapping
studies
established
that
classical
CD14+
blood
monocytes
derived
HSPCs
migrated
into
tissue
gave
rise
interstitial
alveolar
macrophages.
In
contrast,
non-classical
CD16+
preferentially
resident
vasculature
(pulmonary
intravascular
macrophages).
Finally,
single-cell
RNA
sequencing
defined
intermediate
differentiation
stages
monocytes.
This
identifies
distinct
developmental
pathways
circulating
reveals
how
cellular
origin
contributes
identity,
diversity,
localization
