Advances in Flavonoid Research: Sources, Biological Activities, and Developmental Prospectives

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46(4), P. 2884 - 2925

Published: March 26, 2024

At present, the occurrence of a large number infectious and non-communicable diseases poses serious threat to human health as well drug development for treatment these diseases. One most significant challenges is finding new candidates that are therapeutically effective have few or no side effects. In this respect, active compounds in medicinal plants, especially flavonoids, potentially useful with wide range pharmacological activities. They naturally present nature valuable many Flavonoids divided into fourteen categories mainly derived from plant extraction, chemical synthesis structural modification, biosynthesis. The modification flavonoids an important way discover drugs, but biosynthesis currently considered promising research direction potential revolutionize production pipeline flavonoids. However, relevant problems such metabolic pathway analyses cell protocols need be addressed on urgent basis. review, techniques assessing biological activities mechanisms their elucidated modes interaction other drugs described. Moreover, novel delivery systems, nanoparticles, bioparticles, colloidals, etc., gradually becoming means addressing issues poor hydrophilicity, lipophilicity, stability, low bioavailability review summarizes latest progress existing therapeutic efficacy, how can solved

Language: Английский

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Quercetin increases the antidepressant‐like effects of sclareol and antagonizes diazepam in thiopental sodium‐induced sleeping mice: A possible GABAergic transmission intervention

Phytotherapy Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(5), P. 2198 - 2214

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Abstract Quercetin is the most common polyphenolic flavonoid present in fruits and vegetables demonstrating versatile health‐promoting effects. This study aimed to examine effects of quercetin (QR) sclareol (SCL) on thiopental sodium (TS)‐induced sleeping forced swimming test (FST) mouse models. SCL (1, 5, 10 mg/kg, p.o .) or QR (50 p.o.) and/or diazepam (DZP) (3 i.p.) were employed. After 30 min TS induction, individual combined animals checked. In FST test, subjected after administration controls for 5 min. this case, immobility time was measured. silico studies conducted evaluate involvement GABA receptors. (5 mg/kg) significantly increased latency decreased compared control TS‐induced study. DZP showed a sedative‐like effect both studies. exhibited similar pattern activity as SCL. However, its more prominent than those groups. (10 altered DZP‐3‐mediated SCL‐10 co‐treated with QR‐50 ( p < 0.05) sleep time, suggesting possible synergistic antidepressant‐like revealed that demonstrated better binding affinities GABAA receptor, especially α 2 , 3 subunits. Both compounds also good ADMET drug‐like properties. animal studies, worked synergistically provide slightly different fashion. As conclusion, may be used upcoming neurological clinical trials, according vivo findings. additional investigation necessary verify behavior clarify potential mechanism action.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Quercetin, a Flavonoid in the Management of Pathogenesis Through Regulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Biological Activities

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 151 - 151

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Quercetin, a flavonoid found in vegetables and fruits, has been extensively studied for its health benefits disease management. Its role the prevention of various pathogenesis well-documented, primarily through ability to inhibit oxidative stress, inflammation, enhance endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms. Electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Medline, Web Science were searched information regarding quercetin pathogeneses. The included literature comprised experimental studies, randomized controlled trials, epidemiological studies related quercetin, while editorials, case analyses, theses, letters excluded. It reported have wide range including hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, wound healing, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory effects, achieved modulation biological activities. Additionally, numerous vitro vivo shown that quercetin’s efficacies cancer management involve inhibiting cell signaling pathways, cycle, angiogenesis, activating pathways tumor suppressor genes, inducing apoptosis. This review aims provide comprehensive understanding this outlines sources nanoformulations, applications management, along with key findings from important clinical trial studies. Limited data safety mechanism action are available. is conduct more trials gain deeper disease-preventive potential, mechanisms action, safety, optimal therapeutic dosages. Furthermore, research based on nanoformulations should be performed minimize/overcome hindrance associated bioavailability, rapid degradation, toxicity.

Language: Английский

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GABAergic implications in anxiety and related disorders

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 724, P. 150218 - 150218

Published: June 3, 2024

Language: Английский

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Quercetin alleviates chronic unpredictable mild stress‐induced depression‐like behavior by inhibiting NMDAR1 with α2δ‐1 in rats

CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Background Depression is a serious mental disorder and the most prevalent cause of disability suicide worldwide. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) can lead to significant acceleration depression development. Quercetin (Que) flavonoid compound with wide range pharmacological effects. Recent studies have shown that quercetin improve CUMS‐induced depression‐like behavior, but mechanism its improvement still unclear. α2δ‐1 regulatory subunit voltage‐gated calcium channel, which interact N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR) form complex. Objective In this study, we found Que could inhibit increase NMDAR expression in rat hypothalamus induced by CUMS. pain, chronic hypertension other interacts complex, subsequently affects level NMDAR. Consequently, present study aimed investigate antidepressant effect vivo vitro explore action terms interaction between Methods Rats were randomly exposed two stressors every day for 4 weeks establish CUMS model, then sucrose preference test (SPT), forced swimming (FST), tail suspension (TST), open field (OFT) performed detect behavior rats, so as evaluate whether model was successfully established on rats. Experimental techniques such serum enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence, Western blot, co‐immunoprecipitation, well experiments, used mechanisms exerts Results Behavioral ELISA results showed produce reduction excitability hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis rats improvements their depressive behavior. co‐immunoprecipitation experiments produced decrease NMDAR1 levels interfered binding. addition, neural regulation PC12 cells knocked out gene further verified. Cellular demonstrated led reversal up‐regulation corticosterone‐injured cells, while had no effects knockout. Conclusions has good significantly caused It inhibiting α2δ‐1, interfering NMDAR, reducing HPA axis.

Language: Английский

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Exploration of the mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine for anxiety and depression in patients with diarrheal irritable bowel syndrome based on network pharmacology and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 21, 2024

Background The efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in managing irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) accompanied by anxiety and depression remains uncertain. Thus, a systematic review was carried out employing meta-analysis network pharmacology to ascertain the underlying mechanisms CHM therapy. Methods By conducting review, including literature search, screening, data extraction, we identified 25 randomized controlled trials assess CHM’s effectiveness treating alongside depression. Network utilized scrutinize metabolite utility addressing this condition. Potential primary were synthesized using information sourced from PubMed database. Results Twenty-five studies, 2055 patients, analyzed, revealing significant treatment for IBS-D trial group compared controls [OR = 4.01, 95% CI (2.99, 5.36), I 2 0%] Additionally, [SMD −1.08, (-1.30, −0.86), p &lt; 0.00001, 68%; SDS: SMD -1.69, (-2.48, −0.90), 0.0001, 96%] [HAMA: -1.29, (-1.68, −0.91), 89%; SAS: -1.75, (-2.55, −0.95), significantly improved group. Furthermore, exhibited lower disease relapse rate 0.30, (0.20, 0.44), 0%]. consistently IBS severity (IBS-SSS) symptom scores. analysis key chemical metabolites traditional formulations, Beta-sitosterol, Stigmasterol, Quercetin, Naringenin, Luteolin, Kaempferol, Nobiletin, Wogonin, Formononetin, Isorhamnetin. Utilizing STRING database Cytoscape v3.9.0 software, protein-protein interaction (PPI) revealed top eight targets: IL-6, TNF, PPARG, PTGS2, ESR1, NOS3, MAPK8, AKT1, implicated anti-inflammatory responses, antioxidant stress modulation, neurotransmitter homeostasis maintenance. Conclusion Herbal Medicine offers promising safe approach patients dealing Diarrheal Irritable Bowel Syndrome depression; thus, indicating its potential practical implementation. most active could simultaneously act on pathological targets IBS-D, anxiety, depression.The diverse scope therapeutic role includes various aspects objectives, underscoring broad utilization.

Language: Английский

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Role of sirtuin 1 in depression‑induced coronary heart disease: Molecular pathways and therapeutic potential (Review)

Biomedical Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(3)

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Depression and coronary heart disease (CHD) are two interconnected diseases that profoundly impact global health. is both a complex psychiatric disorder an established risk factor for CHD. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) enzyme requires the cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to perform its deacetylation function, involvement crucial in reducing cardiovascular risks associated with depression. SIRT1 exerts cardioprotective effects via modulating oxidative stress, inflammation metabolic processes, all of which central pathogenesis CHD individuals Through influencing these pathways, helps reduce endothelial dysfunction, prevent formation atherosclerotic plaques stabilize existing plaques, thereby decreasing overall The present review underscores important role serving as therapeutic intervention molecule tackling complications stemming from Furthermore, it highlights need further studies clarify how influences depression at molecular level. ultimate goal this research will be translate findings into practical clinical strategies.

Language: Английский

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Exploring genetic associations and drug targets for mitochondrial proteins and schizophrenia risk

Schizophrenia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 25, 2025

Numerous observational studies have highlighted associations between mitochondrial dysfunction and schizophrenia (SCZ), yet the causal relationship remains elusive. This study aims to elucidate link mitochondria-associated proteins SCZ. We used summary data from a genome-wide association (GWAS) of 66 in 3,301 individuals Europe, as well GWAS on large, multi-ethnic ancestry SCZ, involving 76,755 cases 243,649 controls. conducted bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, with inverse variance weighting (IVW) primary method. To account for multi-directionality ensure robustness, we included MR-Egger, weighted median (WM), mode, simple mode methods supplementary sensitivity analyses. Moreover, explored catalog Drug-Gene Interaction Database (DGIdb) identify evaluate potential therapeutic targets. MR analysis revealed significant genetically determined ETHE1 (OR: 1.06), SOD 0.97), CALU3 1.03), C1QBP 1.05) According reverse analysis, was shown SCZ CA5A 1.09), DLD 1. 08), AIF1 0.93), SerRS 0.93) MULA NFKB1 0.77). After conducting gene-drug HRG, F12, GPLD1, C1R, BCHE, CFH, PON1, were identified promising present reveals offering valuable insights into disease's pathogenicity identifying targets drug development.

Language: Английский

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Insufficient Evidence to Recommend Shu Mian Capsule in Managing Depression With or Without Comorbid Insomnia: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 21, P. 167 - 183

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

This systematic review with trial sequential analysis (TSA) aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shu Mian Capsule (SMC), a commercial Chinese polyherbal preparation, for managing depression or without comorbid insomnia. Controlled clinical trials assessing SMC against waitlist control, placebo active controls, as an adjunct treatment were searched across seven databases. Risk bias evidence quality assessed using Cochrane criteria GRADE framework, respectively. Fourteen studies analyzed, involving 1207 participants. Trials comparing standard antidepressive treatments limited. In depressed patients insomnia, combining antidepressants reduced incidence antidepressants-induced sleep disorders (from 12.2% 3.8%) but did not significantly lower Hamilton Rating Scale Depression (HAM-D) scores compared alone [SMD = -0.09, 95% CI (-0.32, 0.14), p 0.45]. combination psychotropic drugs HAM-D -1.29, (-1.96, -0.62), < 0.01] Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index -1.53, (-1.95, -1.11), 0.01], exhibited various drug-related adverse effects alone. TSA validated sample size adequacy; nevertheless, methodological supporting varied from very low due substantial risk. Additionally, 92.9% lacked follow-ups. The effectiveness alternative conventional is unclear. For adding care demonstrates augmented improved safety, though methodologically Further rigorous are warranted confirm SMC's short-term explore its medium- long-term either complementary therapy. Current precludes recommendations administration in depression.

Language: Английский

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The Effect of mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) modulation: New insights into therapeutic targets for depression

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106087 - 106087

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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