Encapsulation and assessment of therapeutic cargo in engineered exosomes: a systematic review

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Abstract Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles secreted by cells and enclosed a lipid bilayer membrane containing various biologically active cargoes such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids. Engineered exosomes generated through genetic modification of parent show promise drug delivery vehicles, they have been demonstrated to great therapeutic potential for treating cancer, cardiovascular, neurological, immune diseases, but systematic knowledge is lacking regarding optimization loading assessment efficacy. This review summarizes current approaches engineering evaluating their effects, techniques assessing exosome release kinetics, cell targeting, biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, outcomes critically examined. Additionally, this synthesizes the latest applications in clinical translation. The compiled provides framework rational design rigorous therapeutics. Continued advancement robust characterization methods reporting standards will accelerate development technologies pave way studies. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as Drug Delivery Vehicles in Disease Therapy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(14), P. 7715 - 7715

Published: July 14, 2024

Exosomes are small vesicles containing proteins, nucleic acids, and biological lipids, which responsible for intercellular communication. Studies have shown that exosomes can be utilized as effective drug delivery vehicles to accurately deliver therapeutic substances target tissues, enhancing effects reducing side effects. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) a class of widely used tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, immunotherapy. derived from MSCs special immunomodulatory functions, low immunogenicity, the ability penetrate tumor high yield, expected engineered into efficient systems. Despite promising promise MSC-derived exosomes, exploring their optimal preparation methods, drug-loading modalities, potential remains challenging. Therefore, this article reviews related characteristics, application, risks systems in order find breakthroughs.

Language: Английский

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Breaking barriers in targeted Therapy: Advancing exosome Isolation, Engineering, and imaging

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 218, P. 115522 - 115522

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Language: Английский

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Core-shell vector-mediated co-delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 system and hydrophobic drugs against triple-negative breast cancer stem cells

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 378, P. 1080 - 1091

Published: Jan. 5, 2025

Language: Английский

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Tumor Microenvironment‐Responsive Nanocapsule Delivery CRISPR/Cas9 to Reprogram the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Hepatoma Carcinoma

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(26)

Published: May 5, 2024

Abstract Cancer immunotherapy has demonstrated significant efficacy in various tumors, but its effectiveness treating Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) remains limited. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify a new target and develop corresponding intervention strategies. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) highly expressed HCC closely related poor prognosis of patients. The previous study GDF15 can promote immunosuppression the tumor microenvironment. knocking out through gene editing could potentially reverse suppressive immune microenvironment permanently. To deliver CRISPR/Cas9 system specifically HCC, nanocapsules (SNC) coated with targeting peptides (SP94) on their surface utilized. These incorporate disulfide bonds (SNC SS ) release contents characterized by high levels glutathione (GSH). In vivo, SNC cells, exert marked inhibitory effect progression, immunotherapy. Mechanistically, CyTOF showed favorable changes immunocytes killer function increased inhibitive decreased. findings highlight potential CRISPR‐Cas9 modulating improving existing approaches for HCC.

Language: Английский

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Nanomaterials-assisted gene editing and synthetic biology for optimizing the treatment of pulmonary diseases

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: June 18, 2024

Abstract The use of nanomaterials in gene editing and synthetic biology has emerged as a pivotal strategy the pursuit refined treatment methodologies for pulmonary disorders. This review discusses utilization nanomaterial-assisted tools techniques to promote development more precise efficient treatments diseases. First, we briefly outline characterization respiratory system succinctly describe principal applications diverse lung ailment treatment. Second, elaborate on gene-editing tools, their configurations, assorted delivery methods, while delving into present state nanomaterial-facilitated interventions spectrum Subsequently, expound its deployment biomedicine, focusing research advances diagnosis conditions against backdrop coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Finally, summarize extant lacunae current delineate prospects advancement this domain. holistic approach augments pioneering solutions treatment, thereby endowing patients with efficacious personalized therapeutic alternatives.

Language: Английский

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Remotely Sequential Activation of Biofunctional MXenes for Spatiotemporally Controlled Photothermal Cancer Therapy Integrated with Multimodal Imaging

Small, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 12, 2024

Spatiotemporally controlled cancer therapy may offer great advantages in precision medicine, but still remains some challenges programmed sequential release and co-localization of components at target sites. Herein, a MXene-based nanoprobe (TCC@M) is meticulously designed by engineering photodynamically activated CRISPR-Cas9 cell membrane-camouflaged Ti

Language: Английский

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Biomedical Applications of Hybrid Nanomaterials

Advances in chemical and materials engineering book series, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 170 - 225

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

The ever-evolving field of nanotechnology has led to groundbreaking advancements in biomedical science, particularly through the development hybrid nanomaterials. This chapter explores synthesis, characterization, and diverse applications these materials, which combine advantageous properties both organic inorganic constituents for optimized functionality. text delves into use nanomaterials areas such as drug delivery, diagnostics, tissue engineering, biosensors. A key case study demonstrating wound-healing silver nanoparticle-loaded nanofibrous scaffolds is included. also addresses challenges ethical considerations associated with clinical translation Therefore, this serves a comprehensive guide readers interested understanding harnessing immense potential applications.

Language: Английский

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A Semiconducting Polymer NanoCRISPR for Near-Infrared Photoactivatable Gene Editing and Cancer Gene Therapy

Nano Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 7, 2025

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) gene editing has poor efficacy and off-target side effect concerns. We herein report a semiconducting polymer (SP)-based nanoCRISPR system to improve CRISPR delivery allow for near-infrared (NIR) photoactivatable cancer therapy. An amphiphilic SP acts as photothermal converter, its backbone is grafted with single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which enables hybridization single guide ribonucleic (sgRNA) via complementary base pairing form sgRNA/SP-DNA. This sgRNA/SP-DNA nanosystem (nanoCRISPR) can effectively deliver sgRNA into cells generate heat under NIR laser irradiation the effect. The localized triggers dissociation of DNA control release sgRNA, thereby achieving precise regulation activity. technology able precisely regulate expression green fluorescent protein (GFP) polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) precision

Language: Английский

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In Situ Gene Engineering Approach to Overcome Tumor Resistance and Enhance T Cell-Mediated Cancer Immunotherapy

Nano Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 3, 2025

T cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy harnesses the power of cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs) to target and eradicate tumor cells. However, cells often evade immune attack through membrane repair mechanisms involving endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) suppression within microenvironment. Here, we developed a robust TMV@PpCHIL nanomedicine address these issues by reprogramming via in situ gene editing. Using CRISPR/Cas9, disrupted Chmp4b gene, key component ESCRT machinery, preventing from repairing CTL-induced damage. Simultaneously, genetically engineered produce interleukin-12 (IL-12), cytokine that enhances CTL activation. The nanomedicine, designed coating vesicles (TMVs) onto polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer-condensed plasmid complexes, ensured efficient CRISPR/Cas9-based editing sustained IL-12 production. This approach significantly enhanced CTL-mediated cell cytotoxicity, suppressed growth, reduced metastasis, prolonged survival, providing promising strategy durable treatment.

Language: Английский

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