Research Square (Research Square),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 4, 2023
Abstract
Background
The
long-term
feeding
of
high-concentrate
diets
to
ruminants
will
damage
the
structure
and
function
their
rumen
flora,
leading
changes
in
gastrointestinal
patterns
digestive
nutrients
metabolic
factors,
causing
subacute
acidosis
(SARA).
Methods
28
small-tailed
Han
sheep
were
randomly
selected
divided
into
three
groups,
namely
control
group,
SARA
model
treatment
group.
group
was
fed
low
concentrate
fodder,
high
HC
first
then
LC
after
successfully
establishing
(n
=
9).
Results
SARA-model
had
concentrations
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)
fluid
blood,
whereas
tumor
necrosis
factor-α
(TNF-α)
significantly
elevated
fluid,
with
no
difference
blood.
levels
inflammation-related
proteins,
cyclooxygenase-2
(COX-2),
interleukin-6
(IL-6),
TNF-α,
Toll-like
receptor-4
(TLR-4),
increased
epithelium
sheep.
Phosphorylation
nuclear
transcription
factor-κB
(NF-κB)
mitogen-activated
protein
kinases
(MAPKs)
higher
than
those
groups.
phosphorylation
NF-κB
MAPKs
inflammatory
mediators
factors
abdominal
sac
dorsal
sac.
expression
tight
junction
proteins
ZO-1,
occludin,
claudin-1
claudin-4
decreased
compared
that
light
chain
3
(LC-3)
sheep,
while
trend
autophagy
substrate
sequestosome-1
(P62)
opposite
LC-3.
Conclusions
These
results
indicate
leads
a
concentration
ruminal
LPS,
which
increases
synthesis
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
epithelium,
through
over-activation
MAPK
pathways,
thereby
inducing
rumenitis,
damaging
integrity
epithelium;
moreover,
is
more
serious
In
process
gastritis,
involved
regulation
inhibition
response.
Experimental Gerontology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
192, P. 112451 - 112451
Published: May 9, 2024
The
NLRP3
inflammasome
is
critically
involved
in
the
development
of
depression.
E3
ubiquitin
ligase
TRIM31
negatively
regulates
this
process
by
promoting
degradation
through
ubiquitin-proteasome
pathway.
Modified
Danzhi
Xiaoyaosan
(MDZXYS)
has
shown
good
therapeutic
effect
both
preclinical
and
clinical
depression
treatments,
yet
underlying
mechanisms
its
antidepressant
effects
are
not
fully
understood.
In
present
study,
we
aimed
to
explore
MDZXYS,
focusing
on
activation
ubiquitin-mediated
degradation.
We
employed
rats
with
induced
chronic
unpredictable
mild
stress
(CUMS)
conducted
various
behavioral
tests,
including
sucrose
preference,
forced
swimming,
open
field
tests.
Neuronal
damage
CUMS-treated
was
assessed
using
Nissl
staining.
measured
proinflammatory
cytokine
levels
ELISA
kits
analyzed
NLRP3/TRIM31
protein
expression
via
Western
blotting
immunofluorescence
Our
results
disclosed
that
MDZXYS
reversed
CUMS-induced
depression-like
behaviors
rats,
reduced
(IL-1β),
ameliorated
neuronal
prefrontal
cortex.
Additionally,
CUMS
activated
cortex
upregulated
TRIM31.
After
administration,
inflammasome-associated
proteins
reduced,
while
level
further
increased.
Through
co-localized
staining,
observed
a
significant
elevation
co-localization
group.
These
findings
suggest
inhibiting
inflammasome-mediated
neuroinflammation
modulating
TRIM31signaling
pathway
may
underlie
support
targeting
as
novel
approach
for
prevention
treatment
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: Aug. 12, 2024
The
secondary
injury
is
more
serious
after
traumatic
brain
(TBI)
compared
with
primary
injury.
Release
of
excessive
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
and
Ca2+
influx
at
the
damaged
site
trigger
Herein,
a
neutrophil-like
cell
membrane-functionalized
nanoparticle
was
developed
to
prevent
ROS-associated
NCM@MP
composed
three
parts:
(1)
Differentiated
membrane
(NCM)
synthesized,
inflammation-responsive
ability
achieve
effective
targeting
increase
retention
time
Mn3O4
nimodipine
(MP)
in
deep
tissue
via
C-X-C
chemokine
receptor
type
4,
integrin
beta
1
macrophage
antigen-1.
(2)
Nimodipine
used
inhibit
influx,
eliminating
ROS
source.
(3)
further
eradicated
existing
ROS.
In
addition,
also
exhibited
desirable
properties
for
T1
enhanced
imaging
low
toxicity
which
may
serve
as
promising
multifunctional
nanoplatforms
precise
therapies.
our
study,
obviously
alleviated
oxidative
stress
response,
reduced
neuroinflammation,
protected
blood–brain
barrier
integrity,
relieved
edema,
promoted
regeneration
neurons,
improved
cognition
TBI
mice.
This
study
provides
management
relieve
spread
damage.
Molecular Medicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
31(1)
Published: April 24, 2025
Abstract
Background
The
dysregulation
of
neuroinflammation
triggered
by
imbalance
microglia
M1/M2
polarization
is
a
key
pathogenic
factor
and
closely
associated
with
occurrence
depression.
Formononetin
(FMN),
natural
non-steroidal
isoflavonoid,
has
been
confirmed
to
exhibit
remarkable
anti-inflammatory
efficacy,
but
the
impact
FMN
on
depression
underlying
antidepressant
mechanisms
are
still
not
fully
understood.
This
study
aimed
investigate
whether
effect
involved
in
modulating
polarization,
if
so,
what
mechanisms.
Methods
Lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)-induced
depressive
mice
were
used
FMN.
Microglia
cell
line
BV2
stimulated
LPS
was
employed
pharmacological
Effects
neuronal
damage
detected
H&E,
Nissl
Golgi
staining.
efficacy
evaluated
immunostaining
western
blots
vivo
vitro
.
In
addition,
molecular
docking,
luciferase
reporter
assay,
cellular
thermal
shift
assay
(CETSA)
drug
affinity
responsive
target
stability
(DARTS)
confirm
direct
Results
Our
results
showed
that
significantly
reverses
depression-like
behaviors,
alleviates
damage,
rebalances
inhibits
NLRP3
inflammasome
enhances
microglial
autophagy
level
prefrontal
cortex
LPS-induced
mice.
assays,
unraveled
inhibitor
chloroquine
(CQ)
blocks
effects
inhibiting
rebalancing
polarization.
Moreover,
PPARα
identified
as
can
activate
PPARα-mediated
autophagy.
Furtherly,
combination
agonist
(WY14643)
had
no
significant
additive
whereas
antagonist
(GW6471)
abrogated
these
pharmacologic
BV2.
Importantly,
GW6471
exhibited
similar
abolish
Conclusion
firstly
demonstrated
rebalance
inhibit
inflammasome,
involvement
activating
ameliorate
which
provides
novel
view
elucidate
also
offers
potential
therapeutic
for
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Feb. 6, 2025
Xiaoyao
San
(XYS)
has
been
increasingly
used
in
China
for
treating
chronic
fatigue
syndrome
(CFS),
but
its
efficacy
and
safety
remain
unclear.
To
systematically
evaluate
the
of
XYS
compared
to
standard
biomedical
treatments
(SBT)
CFS
patients.
A
comprehensive
search
English
Chinese
databases
was
conducted
up
December
2024.
Eligible
studies
included
randomized
controlled
trials
comparing
or
+
SBT
alone.
Primary
outcomes
were
effective
rate
(ER)
scale-14
(FS-14).
Secondary
self-rating
anxiety
scale
(SAS),
depression
(SDS),
adverse
events
(AEs).
Data
analyzed
using
Review
Manager
5.4,
evidence
quality
assessed
GRADE
approach.
Six
involving
623
patients
included.
The
meta-analysis
showed
that
XYS-based
interventions
significantly
improved
ER
(RR
=
1.27,
95%
CI:
1.18-1.37,
I2
0%)
FS-14
(MD
1.77,
1.49-2.06,
54%).
Subgroup
analyses
confirmed
consistent
both
vs.
SBT.
Anxiety
group,
with
SAS
5.16,
3.84-6.48,
24%)
SDS
4.62,
3.15-6.09,
0%).
Additionally,
risk
AEs
reduced
group
alone
0.48,
0.32-0.72,
However,
rated
"low"
due
bias
potential
publication
among
studies.
XYS,
whether
SBT,
is
safe
improving
ER,
fatigue,
anxiety,
low
evidence,
results
should
be
interpreted
cautiously.
High-quality
RCTs
larger
sample
sizes
longer
follow-up
are
needed
provide
stronger
clinical
use
managing
CFS.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=493084,
identifier
CRD42023493084.
