VEGF/VEGFR-Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment

International Journal of Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(9), P. 3845 - 3858

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of death by worldwide.Despite developments in therapeutic approaches for past few decades, 5-year survival rate patients with NSCLC remains low.NSCLC tumor a complex, heterogeneous microenvironment, comprising blood vessels, cells, immune and stroma cells.Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are major mediator to induce microvasculature associated progression, recurrence, metastasis NSCLC.Current treatment medicines targeting VEGF/VEGF receptor (VEGFR) pathway, including neutralizing antibodies VEGF or VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, have shown good efficacy NSCLC.VEGF not only an important angiogenic factor but also immunomodulator microenvironment (TME).VEGFs can suppress antigen presentation, stimulate activity regulatory T (Treg) tumor-associated macrophages, which turn promote suppressive NSCLC.The present review focuses on non-angiogenic functions NSCLC, especially interaction between cellular components TME.Additionally, we discuss recent preclinical clinical studies explore VEGF/VEGFR-targeted compounds immunotherapy as novel TME NSCLC.

Language: Английский

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Advances in dendritic cell vaccination therapy of cancer

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 164, P. 114954 - 114954

Published: May 29, 2023

Traditionally, vaccines have helped eradication of several infectious diseases and also saved millions lives in the human history. Those prophylactic acted through inducing immune responses against a live attenuated, killed organism or antigenic subunits to protect recipient real infection caused by pathogenic microorganism. Nevertheless, development anticancer as valuable targets health has faced challenges requires further optimizations. Dendritic cells (DCs) are most potent antigen presenting (APCs) that play essential roles tumor immunotherapies induction CD8+ T cell immunity. Accordingly, various strategies been tested employ DCs therapeutic for exploiting their activity cells. Application whole purified/recombinant peptides common approaches pulsing DCs, which then injected back into patients. Although some hopeful results reported number DC animal clinical trials cancer patients, such still inefficient require optimization. Failure vaccination is postulated due immunosuppressive microenvironment (TME), overexpression checkpoint proteins, suboptimal avidity tumor-associated (TAA)-specific lymphocytes, lack appropriate adjuvants. In this review, we an overview current experiments evaluated efficacy well focusing on improve potential including combination therapy with inhibitors (ICIs).

Language: Английский

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Cancer Nanovaccines: Nanomaterials and Clinical Perspectives

Small, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(35)

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract Cancer nanovaccines represent a promising frontier in cancer immunotherapy, utilizing nanotechnology to augment traditional vaccine efficacy. This review comprehensively examines the current state‐of‐the‐art nanovaccine development, elucidating innovative strategies and technologies employed their design. It explores both preclinical clinical advancements, emphasizing key studies demonstrating potential elicit robust anti‐tumor immune responses. The study encompasses various facets, including integrating biomaterial‐based nanocarriers for antigen delivery, adjuvant selection, impact of nanoscale properties on performance. Detailed insights into complex interplay between tumor microenvironment responses are provided, highlighting challenges opportunities optimizing therapeutic outcomes. Additionally, presents thorough analysis ongoing trials, presenting snapshot landscape. By curating latest scientific findings developments, this aims serve as comprehensive resource researchers clinicians engaged advancing immunotherapy. Integrating design holds immense promise revolutionizing treatment paradigms, provides timely update evolving landscape nanovaccines.

Language: Английский

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The current knowledge concerning solid cancer and therapy

Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 35(11)

Published: Aug. 31, 2021

Abstract Solid cancers comprise a large number of new cases and deaths from cancer each year globally. There are strategies for addressing tumors raised solid organs including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, combinational stem cell extracellular vesicle (EV) therapy. Surgery, chemotherapy the dominant cures, but not always effective, in which even localized tumor there is possibility relapse after surgical resection. Over half patients will receive radiotherapy as part their therapeutic schedule. Radiotherapy can cause an abscopal response boosting activity immune system outside local field radiation, it may also unwanted bystander effect, predisposing nonradiated cells into carcinogenesis. In context checkpoint inhibition known standard‐of‐care, major concern regard with cold that show low responses to such Stem‐cell therapy be used send prodrugs toward area; this strategy, however, has its own predicaments, attraction other sites healthy tissues instability. A substitute quite novel strategy use EVs, by virtue stability potential cross biological barriers long‐term storage contents. Combination current focus. Despite advances field, still unmet concerns area effective raising challenges opportunities future investigations.

Language: Английский

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The impact of hypoxia on immune state in cancer

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 286, P. 120057 - 120057

Published: Oct. 18, 2021

Language: Английский

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The interactions of paclitaxel with tumour microenvironment

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 105, P. 108555 - 108555

Published: Feb. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Interleukin-6 in SARS-CoV-2 induced disease: Interactions and therapeutic applications

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 145, P. 112419 - 112419

Published: Nov. 12, 2021

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multi-tasking cytokine that represents high activity in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and cancer. High concentration of this pleiotropic accounts for hyperinflammation storm, related to multi-organ failure SARS-CoV-2 induced disease. IL-6 promotes lymphopenia increases C-reactive protein (CRP) such cases. However, blockade not full-proof complete response. Hypoxia, hypoxemia, aberrant angiogenesis chronic inflammation are inter-related events occurring as response the stimulatory effect on activity. Taking both pro- anti-inflammatory activities will make complex targeting patient The aim review was discuss about interactions within body disease who representing levels, determine whether inhibition therapy effective or not. We also address targeted therapies cancer have

Language: Английский

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Checkpoint inhibitor/interleukin‐based combination therapy of cancer

Cancer Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(15), P. 2934 - 2943

Published: March 17, 2022

Immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is the current focus in cancer immunotherapy. However, issues are raised area, as recent studies showed that such therapeutic modality suffers from low durability and or no efficacy for patients with some tumor types including cases non-inflamed cold cancers. Therefore, efforts have been made to solve issue combination therapy, use of immunocytokines. The ICI interleukins (ILs) IL-targeting agents now under consideration area primary results promising. this review discuss possibility ILs drugs immunotherapy describing advances field PEGylated fusion proteins. key reduce adverse events increase therapy.

Language: Английский

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Tumor-associated Macrophages (TAMs) in Cancer Resistance; Modulation by Natural Products

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(12), P. 1104 - 1122

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Abstract: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a pivotal role in the progression and re-sistance of tumors to different anticancer drugs. TAMs can modulate tumor microenvironment (TME) favor immune system exhaustion. The interactions with TME affect function cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CTLs) natural killer (NK) cells. Furthermore, induce cancer cell proliferation by releasing some growth factors, such as transforming factor (TGF)-β. have several positive cross-talks other suppressive cells regulatory (Tregs), myeloid-derived suppressor (MDSCs), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), cells, leading release prolif-eration growth. These also invasion migration angiogenesis, metastasis. inhibition is an intriguing strategy for overcoming resistance suppression Some natural-derived agents melatonin, curcumin, resveratrol, apigenin, flavonoids shown ability TME, including TAMs. adjuvants may be able boost antitumor immunity through modulation This review explains modulatory effects well-known naturally derived on activity these useful suppressing invasion.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicle–based drug delivery in cancer immunotherapy

Drug Delivery and Translational Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 2790 - 2806

Published: June 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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