Chem & Bio Engineering,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
2(1), P. 3 - 22
Published: Oct. 28, 2024
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
secreted
from
biological
cells
and
contain
many
molecules
with
diagnostic
values
or
therapeutic
functions.
There
has
been
great
interest
in
academic
industrial
communities
to
utilize
EVs
as
tools
for
diagnosis
therapeutics.
In
addition,
can
also
serve
delivery
vehicles
molecules.
An
indicator
of
the
enormous
is
large
number
review
articles
published
on
EVs,
focus
ranging
their
biology
applications.
emerging
trend
EV
research
produce
"engineered
EVs",
which
essentially
enhanced
version
EVs.
engineering
be
conducted
by
cell
culture
condition
control,
genetic
engineering,
chemical
engineering.
Given
nanometer-scale
sizes
potentials,
engineered
an
class
nanomedicines.
So
far,
overwhelming
majority
preclinical
studies;
there
only
a
very
small
reported
clinical
trials.
This
Review
focuses
more
specific
being
applications
The
various
approaches
producing
diseases
reviewed.
Furthermore,
vivo
imaging
mechanistic
understandings,
translation
aspects
discussed.
discussion
primarily
studies
while
briefly
mentioning
With
continued
interdisciplinary
efforts
biologists,
pharmacists,
physicians,
bioengineers,
engineers,
could
become
powerful
solution
major
such
neurological,
immunological,
cardiovascular
diseases.
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
165, P. 115087 - 115087
Published: June 29, 2023
All
forms
of
life
produce
nanosized
extracellular
vesicles
called
exosomes,
which
are
enclosed
in
lipid
bilayer
membranes.
Exosomes
engage
cell-to-cell
communication
and
participate
a
variety
physiological
pathological
processes.
function
via
their
bioactive
components,
delivered
to
target
cells
the
form
proteins,
nucleic
acids,
lipids.
as
drug
delivery
vehicles
due
unique
properties
innate
stability,
low
immunogenicity,
biocompatibility,
biodistribution,
accumulation
desired
tissues,
toxicity
normal
stimulation
anti-cancer
immune
responses,
penetration
capacity
into
distance
organs.
mediate
cellular
communications
by
delivering
various
molecules
including
oncogenes,
oncomiRs,
specific
DNA,
messenger
RNA
(mRNA),
microRNA
(miRNA),
small
interfering
(siRNA),
circular
(circRNA).
These
substances
can
be
transferred
change
transcriptome
influence
tumor-related
signaling
pathways.
After
considering
all
available
literature,
this
review
we
discuss
biogenesis,
composition,
production,
purification
exosomes.
We
briefly
exosome
isolation
techniques.
explore
great-length
exosomes
mechanism
for
substances,
chemicals,
chemotherapeutic
drugs.
also
talk
about
benefits
drawbacks
This
concludes
with
discussion
future
perspective
challenges.
hope
that
will
provide
us
better
understanding
current
state
nanomedicine
applications
biomedicine.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: Jan. 3, 2024
Abstract
Exosomes
are
nanoscale
extracellular
vesicles
secreted
by
cells
and
enclosed
a
lipid
bilayer
membrane
containing
various
biologically
active
cargoes
such
as
proteins,
lipids,
nucleic
acids.
Engineered
exosomes
generated
through
genetic
modification
of
parent
show
promise
drug
delivery
vehicles,
they
have
been
demonstrated
to
great
therapeutic
potential
for
treating
cancer,
cardiovascular,
neurological,
immune
diseases,
but
systematic
knowledge
is
lacking
regarding
optimization
loading
assessment
efficacy.
This
review
summarizes
current
approaches
engineering
evaluating
their
effects,
techniques
assessing
exosome
release
kinetics,
cell
targeting,
biodistribution,
pharmacokinetics,
outcomes
critically
examined.
Additionally,
this
synthesizes
the
latest
applications
in
clinical
translation.
The
compiled
provides
framework
rational
design
rigorous
therapeutics.
Continued
advancement
robust
characterization
methods
reporting
standards
will
accelerate
development
technologies
pave
way
studies.
Graphical
Small,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
20(43)
Published: July 14, 2024
This
review
explores
the
evolution
of
lipid-based
nanoparticles
(LBNPs)
for
drug
delivery
(DD).
Herein,
LBNPs
are
classified
into
liposomes
and
cell
membrane-based
(CMNPs),
each
with
unique
advantages
challenges.
Conventional
possess
drawbacks
such
as
poor
targeting,
quick
clearance,
limited
biocompatibility.
One
possible
alternatives
to
overcome
these
challenges
is
surface
modification
(NPs)
materials
polyethylene
glycol
(PEG),
aptamers,
antibody
fragments,
peptides,
CD44,
hyaluronic
acid,
folic
palmitic
lactoferrin.
Thus,
main
focus
this
will
be
on
different
modifications
that
enable
have
beneficial
properties
DD,
enhancing
mass
transport
properties,
immune
evasion,
improved
stability,
targeting.
Moreover,
various
CMNPs
explored
used
DD
derived
from
cells
red
blood
(RBCs),
platelets,
leukocytes,
cancer
cells,
stem
highlighting
their
natural
(e.g.,
biocompatibility
ability
evade
system).
discussion
extends
biomimicking
hybrid
NPs
accomplished
through
coating
synthetic
(mainly
polymeric)
membranes.
aims
provide
a
comprehensive
resource
researchers
recent
advances
in
field
CMNPs.
Overall,
provides
valuable
insights
dynamic
systems.
Stem Cell Research & Therapy,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: Jan. 23, 2025
Interest
in
prostate
cancer
as
a
research
topic
has
gradually
increased.
As
result,
series
of
innovative
treatment
strategies
have
emerged
with
an
in-depth
understanding
the
disease.
Owing
to
their
unique
biological
characteristics,
mesenchymal
stromal
cell
exosomes
(MSC-Exos)
garnered
significant
attention
for
potential
deliver
targeted
drugs
and
enable
precise
treatment.
Herein,
MSC-Exos
drug-delivery
systems
is
reviewed.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
introduction
advantages
these
systems,
current
trends
progress,
well
analysis
challenges
future
directions.
Moreover,
this
lays
solid
foundation
continued
development
application
MSC-Exos.
Stem Cell Research & Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: April 25, 2024
Abstract
Background
Triple-negative
breast
cancer
(TNBC)
is
the
most
lethal
subtype
of
and,
despite
its
adverse
effects,
chemotherapy
standard
systemic
treatment
option
for
TNBC.
Since,
it
utmost
importance
to
consider
combination
different
agents
achieve
greater
efficacy
and
curability
potential,
MSC
secretome
a
possible
innovative
alternative.
Methods
In
present
study,
we
proposed
investigate
anti-tumor
effect
chemical
agent
(paclitaxel)
with
complex
biological
product,
derived
from
human
Uterine
Cervical
Stem
cells
(CM-hUCESC)
in
Results
The
paclitaxel
CM-hUCESC
decreased
cell
proliferation
invasiveness
tumor
induced
apoptosis
vitro
(MDA-MB-231
and/or
primary
cells).
was
confirmed
mouse
xenograft
model
showing
that
both
products
has
significant
reducing
growth.
Also,
pre-conditioning
hUCESC
sub-lethal
dose
enhances
reduced
significantly
growth
even
allows
diminish
vivo.
This
part
due
action
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
soluble
factors,
such
as
TIMP-1
−
2.
Conclusions
conclusion,
our
data
demonstrate
synergistic
on
TNBC
opens
an
opportunity
reduce
chemotherapeutic
agents,
which
may
decrease
chemotherapy-related
toxicity.
Journal of Cellular Physiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
239(8)
Published: May 28, 2024
Abstract
Triple‐negative
breast
cancer
(TNBC)
is
a
highly
aggressive
and
metastatic
malignancy
with
poor
treatment
outcomes.
The
interaction
between
the
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
stem
cells
(BCSCs)
plays
an
important
role
in
development
of
TNBC.
Owing
to
their
ability
self‐renewal
multidirectional
differentiation,
BCSCs
maintain
growth,
drive
colonization,
facilitate
drug
resistance.
TME
main
factor
regulating
phenotype
metastasis
BCSCs.
Immune
cells,
cancer‐related
fibroblasts
(CAFs),
cytokines,
mesenchymal
endothelial
extracellular
matrix
within
form
complex
communication
network,
exert
selective
pressure
on
tumor,
provide
conducive
environment
for
formation
BCSC
niches.
Tumor
growth
can
be
controlled
by
targeting
eliminate
niches
or
modify
TME.
These
approaches
may
improve
outcomes
possess
great
application
potential
clinical
settings.
In
this
review,
we
summarized
relationship
progression
resistance
TNBC,
especially
focusing
addition,
discussed
therapeutic
strategies
that
target
inhibit
BCSCs,
providing
valuable
insights
into
