Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(5), P. 1336 - 1336
Published: April 30, 2023
Neurocritical
care
significantly
impacts
outcomes
after
moderate-to-severe
acquired
brain
injury,
but
it
is
rarely
applied
in
preclinical
studies.
We
created
a
comprehensive
neurointensive
unit
(neuroICU)
for
use
swine
to
account
the
influence
of
neurocritical
care,
collect
clinically
relevant
monitoring
data,
and
create
paradigm
that
capable
validating
therapeutics/diagnostics
unique
space.
Our
multidisciplinary
team
neuroscientists,
neurointensivists,
veterinarians
adapted/optimized
clinical
neuroICU
(e.g.,
multimodal
neuromonitoring)
critical
pathways
managing
cerebral
perfusion
pressure
with
sedation,
ventilation,
hypertonic
saline)
swine.
Moreover,
this
enabled
first
demonstration
an
extended
study
period
traumatic
injury
coma
beyond
8
h.
There
are
many
similarities
humans
make
ideal
model
species
studies,
including
large
mass,
gyrencephalic
cortex,
high
white
matter
volume,
topography
basal
cisterns,
amongst
other
factors.
Here
we
describe
techniques
developed
medical
management
following
subarachnoid
hemorrhage
coma.
Incorporating
studies
will
reduce
translational
gap
therapeutics
diagnostics
specifically
tailored
injury.
International Journal of Surgery,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
110(9), P. 5396 - 5408
Published: June 14, 2024
Background
Traumatic
brain
injury
(TBI)
is
a
common
complication
of
acute
and
severe
neurosurgery.
Remodeling
N6-methyladenosine
(m6A)
stabilization
may
be
an
attractive
treatment
option
for
neurological
dysfunction
after
TBI.
In
the
present
study,
authors
explored
epigenetic
methylation
RNA-mediated
NLRP3
inflammasome
activation
Methods
Neurological
dysfunction,
histopathology,
associated
molecules
were
examined
in
conditional
knockout
(CKO)
WTAP
[flox/flox,
Camk2a-cre]
,
flox/flox
pAAV-U6-shRNA-YTHDF1-transfected
mice.
Primary
neurons
used
vitro
to
further
explore
molecular
mechanisms
action
WTAP/YTHDF1
following
neural
damage.
Results
The
found
that
m6A
levels
upregulated
at
early
stage
TBI,
deletion
did
not
affect
function
but
promoted
functional
recovery
Conditional
suppressed
neuroinflammation
TBI
phase:
could
directly
act
on
mRNA,
regulate
mRNA
level,
promote
expression
neuronal
injury.
Further
investigation
YTH
domain
YTHDF1
bind
protein
expression.
mutation
or
silencing
improved
injury,
inhibited
Caspase-1
activation,
decreased
IL-1β
levels.
This
effect
was
mediated
via
suppression
translation,
which
also
reversed
stimulative
overexpression
inflammation.
Conclusions
Our
results
indicate
participates
damage
by
translation
m6A-YTHDF1-dependent
manner
WTAP/m6A/YTHDF1
downregulation
therapeutics
viable
promising
approach
preserving
can
provide
support
targeted
drug
development.
Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
144-145, P. 1 - 14
Published: May 29, 2024
Magnetic
resonance
elastography
(MRE)
is
an
emerging
clinical
imaging
modality
for
characterizing
the
viscoelastic
properties
of
soft
biological
tissues.
MRE
shows
great
promise
in
noninvasive
diagnosis
various
diseases,
especially
those
associated
with
tissue
changes
involving
extracellular
matrix,
cell
density,
or
fluid
turnover
including
altered
blood
perfusion
–
all
hallmarks
inflammation
from
early
events
to
cancer
development.
This
review
covers
fundamental
principles
measuring
viscoelasticity
by
MRE,
which
are
based
on
stimulation
and
encoding
shear
waves
their
conversion
into
parameter
maps
mechanical
inverse
problem
solutions
wave
equation.
Technical
challenges
posed
real-world
such
as
viscosity,
heterogeneity,
anisotropy,
nonlinear
elastic
behavior
tissues
discussed.
Applications
measurement
both
humans
animal
models
presented,
emphasis
detection,
characterization,
staging
diseases
related
cascade
biomechanical
property
chronic
liver
brain.
Overall,
provides
valuable
insights
biophysics
imaging-based
detection
inflammation-associated
changes.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(12), P. 6553 - 6553
Published: June 14, 2024
Aquaporins
(AQPs),
particularly
AQP4,
play
a
crucial
role
in
regulating
fluid
dynamics
the
brain,
impacting
development
and
resolution
of
edema
following
traumatic
brain
injury
(TBI).
This
review
examines
alterations
AQP
expression
localization
post-injury,
exploring
their
effects
on
overall
outcomes.
We
discuss
underlying
molecular
mechanisms
expression,
highlighting
potential
therapeutic
strategies
to
modulate
function.
These
insights
provide
comprehensive
understanding
AQPs
TBI
suggest
novel
approaches
for
improving
clinical
outcomes
through
targeted
interventions.
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 17, P. 2921 - 2934
Published: June 1, 2024
Abstract:
Head
trauma
(HT)
in
pediatric
patients
is
the
number
one
cause
of
mortality
and
morbidity
children.
Although
computer
tomography
(CT)
imaging
provides
ample
information
assessing
acute
traumatic
brain
injuries
(TBIs),
there
are
instances
when
magnetic
resonance
(MRI)
needed.
Due
to
its
high
sensitivity
diagnosing
small
bleeds,
MRI
offers
a
well-documented
evaluation
primary
TBIs.
Our
pictorial
essay
aims
present
some
latest
protocols
employed
head
review
practical
considerations.
Injury
mechanisms
accidental
HT,
lesions'
topography,
hematoma
signal
variability
over
time
also
discussed.
Acute
intra-
extra-axial
lesions
their
aspect
showcased
using
images
from
our
hospital.
This
has
an
educational
purpose.
It
intended
guide
young
emergency
intensive
care
unit
doctors,
neurologists,
neurosurgeons
TBIs
on
while
waiting
for
official
radiologist's
report.
The
presentation
focuses
most
frequent
encountered
trauma.
Keywords:
paediatric
trauma,
injury,
diffuse
axonal
haemorrhagic
cortical
contusions,
epidural
haematoma
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
9
Published: Aug. 17, 2021
The
regional
mechanical
properties
of
brain
tissue
are
not
only
key
in
the
context
injury
and
its
vulnerability
towards
loads,
but
also
affect
behavior
functionality
cells.
Due
to
extremely
soft
nature
tissue,
characterization
is
challenging.
response
loading
depends
on
length
time
scales
characterized
by
nonlinearity,
compression-tension
asymmetry,
conditioning,
stress
relaxation.
In
addition,
heterogeneity–both
mechanics
microstructure–complicates
comprehensive
understanding
local
relation
underlying
microstructure.
Here,
we
combine
large-strain
biomechanical
tests
with
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
assays
(ELISA)
develop
an
extended
type
constitutive
artificial
neural
networks
(CANNs)
that
can
account
for
viscoelastic
effects.
We
show
our
network
able
describe
different
regions
quantify
relevance
cellular
extracellular
components
time-independent
(nonlinearity,
compression-tension-asymmetry)
time-dependent
(hysteresis,
relaxation)
mechanics,
respectively.
Our
results
suggest
content
matrix
protein
fibronectin
highly
relevant
both
quasi-elastic
effects
tissue.
While
seems
be
largely
controlled
proteins
from
basement
membrane,
have
a
higher
response.
findings
advance
microstructure
-
relations
human
valuable
further
predictive
material
models
finite
element
simulations
or
design
biomaterials
engineering
3D
printing
applications.
Biophysics Reviews,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
3(1)
Published: March 1, 2022
The
wide
range
of
epithelial
cell
shapes
reveals
the
complexity
and
diversity
intracellular
mechanisms
that
serve
to
construct
their
morphology
regulate
functions.
Using
mechanosensitive
steps,
cells
can
sense
a
variety
different
mechanochemical
stimuli
adapt
behavior
by
reshaping
morphology.
These
changes
shape
rely
on
structural
reorganization
in
space
time
generates
modifications
tensional
state
activates
biochemical
cascades.
Recent
studies
have
started
unveil
how
maintenance
is
involved
mechanical
homeostatic
tasks
sustain
tissue
folding,
identity,
self-renewal.
Here,
we
review
relevant
works
integrated
mechanobiology
elucidate
some
core
principles
may
be
conveyed
into
spatial
information
guide
collective
processes
such
as
morphogenesis.
Among
many
other
parameters,
show
regulation
understood
result
interplay
between
two
counteracting
mechanisms:
actomyosin
contractility
intercellular
adhesions,
both
do
not
act
independently
but
are
functionally
operate
molecular,
cellular,
scales.
We
highlight
role
cadherin-based
adhesions
force-sensing
mechanotransduction,
report
recent
developments
exploit
physics
liquid
crystals
connect
orientational
order
aggregates.
Finally,
emphasize
further
intermingling
disciplines
develop
new
assays
will
lead
way
toward
unified
picture
contribution
pathophysiological
tissues.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: May 29, 2023
Abstract
Brain
injuries
are
often
characterized
by
diffusely
distributed
axonal
and
vascular
damage
invisible
to
medical
imaging
techniques.
The
spatial
distribution
of
mechanical
stresses
strains
plays
an
important
role,
but
is
not
sufficient
explain
the
diffuse
brain
lesions.
It
remains
unclear
how
forces
transferred
from
organ
cell
scale
why
some
cells
damaged
while
neighboring
remain
unaffected.
To
address
this
knowledge
gap,
we
subjected
histologically
stained
fresh
human
porcine
tissue
specimens
compressive
loading
simultaneously
tracked
blood
vessel
displacements.
Our
experiments
reveal
different
mechanisms
load
transfer
or
single
cells,
axons,
vessels.
results
show
that
displacement
fields
inhomogeneous
at
interface
between
gray
white
matter
in
vicinity
vessels—locally
inducing
significant
deformations
individual
cells.
These
insights
have
implications
better
understand
injury
highlight
importance
vessels
for
local
deformation
brain’s
cellular
structure
during
loading.
