Preventive psychiatry: a blueprint for improving the mental health of young people

World Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. 200 - 221

Published: May 18, 2021

Preventive approaches have latterly gained traction for improving mental health in young people. In this paper, we first appraise the conceptual foundations of preventive psychiatry, encompassing public health, Gordon's, US Institute Medicine, World Health Organization, and good frameworks, neurodevelopmentally-sensitive clinical staging models. We then review evidence supporting primary prevention psychotic, bipolar common disorders promotion as potential transformative strategies to reduce incidence these Within indicated approaches, high-risk psychosis paradigm has received most empirical validation, while states are increasingly becoming a focus attention. Selective mostly targeted familial vulnerability non-genetic risk exposures. screening psychological/psychoeducational interventions vulnerable subgroups may improve anxiety/depressive symptoms, but their efficacy reducing psychotic/bipolar/common is unproven. physical exercise anxiety disorders. Universal symptoms not prevent depressive/anxiety disorders, universal targeting school climate or social determinants (demographic, economic, neighbourhood, environmental, social/cultural) hold greatest profile population whole. The approach currently fragmented. leverage knowledge from develop blueprint future research practice psychiatry people: integrating frameworks; advancing multivariable, transdiagnostic, multi-endpoint epidemiological knowledge; synergically preventing infrequent disorders; burden together; implementing stratified/personalized prognosis; establishing evidence-based interventions; developing an ethical framework, through education/training; consolidating cost-effectiveness psychiatry; decreasing inequalities. These goals can only be achieved urgent individual, societal, global level response, which promotes vigorous collaboration across scientific, care, societal governmental sectors much at stake people with emerging

Language: Английский

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Modelling the neurodevelopmental pathogenesis in neuropsychiatric disorders. Bioactive kynurenines and their analogues as neuroprotective agents—in celebration of 80th birthday of Professor Peter Riederer

Journal of Neural Transmission, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 129(5-6), P. 627 - 642

Published: May 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Genomics yields biological and phenotypic insights into bipolar disorder

Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Language: Английский

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Biological hypotheses, risk factors, and biomarkers of schizophrenia

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 120, P. 110626 - 110626

Published: Aug. 31, 2022

Language: Английский

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Deficient LEF1 expression is associated with lithium resistance and hyperexcitability in neurons derived from bipolar disorder patients

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 26(6), P. 2440 - 2456

Published: Jan. 4, 2021

Language: Английский

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Neuropsychological Profile, Emotional/Behavioral Problems, and Parental Stress in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 584 - 584

Published: April 30, 2021

Background: The aim of our study was to trace a specific neuropsychological profile, investigate emotional-behavioral problems and parental stress in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Level 1/High functioning (ASD-HF), Specific Learning Disorders (SLD) Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity (ADHD) disorders highlight similarities differences among the three groups. Methods: We retrospectively collected data from total 62 subjects ASD-HF (n = 19) ADHD 21), SLD 22) 20 typical development. All participants underwent standardized test for evaluation cognitive profile (Wechsler Intelligence Scale Children Fourth Edition—WISC-IV), behavioral emotional (Child Behavior CheckList CBCL), (Parental Stress Index Short Form—PSI-SF). scores ASD-HF, ADHD, groups were compared using non-parametric statistic methods (Kruskall–Wallis H U Mann–Whitney post-hoc analysis). Results: group significantly higher all areas WISC-IV than other two clinical performed lower Working Memory Index. showed on somatic subscale In Difficult Child PSI-SF, parents scored mothers fathers subjects. there are deficiencies control problems, stress. Conclusions: Our comparative analysis highlighted different neurodevelopmental disorders, helping better define cognitive, behavioral, characteristics these their parents.

Language: Английский

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Schizophrenia, Bipolar and Major Depressive Disorders: Overview of Clinical Features, Neurotransmitter Alterations, Pharmacological Interventions, and Impact of Oxidative Stress in the Disease Process

ACS Chemical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(19), P. 2784 - 2802

Published: Sept. 20, 2022

Psychiatric disorders are one of the leading causes disability worldwide and affect quality life both individuals society. The current understanding these points toward receptor dysfunction neurotransmitter imbalances in brain. Treatment protocols hence oriented normalizing ameliorating symptoms. However, recent literature has indicated possible role depleted levels antioxidants like glutathione (GSH) as well an alteration pro-oxidant, iron pathogenesis major psychiatric diseases, viz., schizophrenia (Sz), bipolar disorder (BD), depressive (MDD). This review aims to highlight involvement oxidative stress (OS) disorders. An overview clinical features, abnormalities, pharmacological treatments concerning also been presented. Furthermore, it attempts synthesize from existing magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) studies for disorders, assessing GSH iron, respectively. manuscript is a sincere attempt stimulate research discussion advance knowledge base further pathoetiology Sz, BD, MDD.

Language: Английский

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Considerations toward an epigenetic and common pathways theory of mental disorder.

Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 132(3), P. 297 - 313

Published: April 1, 2023

Psychopathology emerges from the dynamic interplay of physiological and mental processes ecological context. It can be seen as a failure recursive, homeostatic to achieve adaptive re-equilibrium. This general statement actualized with consideration polygenic liability, early exposures, multiunit (multi-"level") analysis psychological action associated neural operations, all in context developmental exposome. article begins by identifying key principles clarifying terms necessary disorder theory. then ventures sketch model that highlights epigenetic dynamics proposes common pathways hypothesis toward psychopathology. An perspective elevates importance systems, particularly life, while opening door new mechanistic discovery. The proposal is finite number biological mechanisms are shared across most risky environments (and possibly many genetic liabilities) for Perturbation these mediating leads development A focus on changes multiple units time points render problem explaining psychopathology tractable. Key questions include mapping recursive over time, at adequate density, disorders unfold development. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, rights reserved).

Language: Английский

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A Metabolome-Wide Mendelian Randomization Study Identifies Dysregulated Arachidonic Acid Synthesis as a Potential Causal Risk Factor for Bipolar Disorder

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 96(6), P. 455 - 462

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Autism spectrum disorder, social anxiety and obsessive–compulsive disorders: beyond the comorbidity

BMC Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by high rates of comorbidity with other mental disorders, including anxiety disorders and obsessive–compulsive disorder. Beyond a mere concept comorbidity, recent literature speculating the existence neurodevelopmental nature such disorders. The aim study to investigate distribution social-phobic, panic-agoraphobic traits within sample individuals ASD, social (SAD), (OCD) panic (PD). 40 participants SAD, OCD, PD 50 HC were assessed Social Anxiety Spectrum—Short Version (SHY-SV) questionnaire, Obsessive—Compulsive (OBS-SV) questionnaire Panic Agoraphobic (PAS-SV) questionnaire. Statistical analyses included Kruskal–Wallis test Chi-square test. When analyzing SHY-SV scores, SAD group obtained highest ASD following closely, significantly surpassing scores remaining diagnostic groups. In examination OBS-SV once again secured second-highest trailing only OCD group. These notably higher than those both healthy controls. analysis PAS-SV achieved after individuals, although this time difference was not statistically significant compared findings highlight central role autism in diagnoses. They provide support for hypotheses basis contributing growing body evidence supporting dimensional interconnected view health conditions.

Language: Английский

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