A meta-analysis of conditioned fear generalization in anxiety-related disorders

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 47(9), P. 1652 - 1661

Published: April 30, 2022

Language: Английский

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Fear conditioning and extinction in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 129, P. 75 - 94

Published: July 24, 2021

Language: Английский

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Laboratory models of post-traumatic stress disorder: The elusive bridge to translation

Neuron, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110(11), P. 1754 - 1776

Published: March 23, 2022

Language: Английский

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Psychoneuroendocrinology

American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 22, 2024

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Imagery Rescripting and Imaginal Extinction attenuate the Return of Generalized Fear

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Standard extinction (SE) is the most widely implemented intervention for reducing conditioned and generalized fear; however, possibility of fear return still remains. Hence, novel interventions may be used to augment efficiency SE. Imagery rescripting (ImRS), based on premise unconditioned stimulus (UCS) devaluation, encompasses devaluation cognitive representation UCS in a positive direction. Imaginal (IE), principles expectancy evaluation, involves vivid imagination stimuli during extinction. In current study, we compared efficacy ImRS over IE SE attenuating fear. Seventy-two healthy individuals were randomly assigned ImRS, IE, or groups. Day 1 comprised acquisition generalization phases. On day 2, testing phases conducted. 3, 15 days after acquisition, due spontaneous recovery was assessed. Our study first known compare response. We found that effectively attenuated Further, CS valence increased direction 3. However, rate slower, response sustained group. The findings suggest distinct mechanisms involved IE. require higher level cognition, inducing novelty introducing narrative. resulted competition between two memories retrieval, following dynamic ‘higher route’. contrary, responses group, showing slow stagnant ‘lower more effective

Language: Английский

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Agomelatine for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: focus on its distinctive mechanism of action

Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), the most frequently diagnosed form of anxiety, is usually treated by cognitive-behavioural approaches or medication; in particular, benzodiazepines (acutely) and serotonin serotonin/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (long term). Efficacy, compliance, acceptability are, however, far from ideal, reinforcing interest alternative options. Agomelatine, clinically employed treatment major depression, expresses anxiolytic properties rodents was effective GAD (including severely ill patients) several double-blind, short-term (12 weeks) relapse-prevention (6 months) studies. At active doses, incidence adverse effects no higher than for placebo. Agomelatine possesses a unique binding profile, behaving as melatonin (MT1/MT2) receptor agonist 5-HT2C antagonist, yet recognizing neither monoamine transporters nor GABAA receptors. Extensive evidence supports role receptors induction anxious states, their blockade likely plays primary mediating actions agomelatine, including populations amygdala bed nucleus stria terminalis, well hippocampus. Recruitment MT suprachiasmatic nucleus, thalamic reticular hippocampus appears to fulfil complimentary role. Downstream receptors, modulation stress-sensitive glutamatergic circuits altered release anxiogenic neuropeptides, corticotrophin-releasing factor, vasopressin, may be implicated agomelatine. To summarize, agomelatine exerts its mechanisms clearly distinct those other agents currently management GAD.How helps disorders.• Anxiety disorders have significant negative impact on quality life.• The common type disorder, called generalized associated with nervousness excessive worry.• These symptoms can lead additional like tiredness, sleeplessness, irritability, poor attention.• generally through either therapy medication. However, widely used drugs effects.• well-established antidepressant drug, has shown anxiety-lowering ('anxiolytic') rats been effectively treat minimal side exactly how it acts brain manage not clear.• Thus, this review aims shed light agomelatine's mechanism action treating GAD.• authors reviewed studies treats animals.• They also looked at clinical people study showed that 'blocks' nerve cells, which causing receptor.• Blocking receptor, especially specific regions such cells amygdala, hippocampus, produced reduction seen during treatment.• activates (MT) known keep check, promote sleep, maintain sleep cycle.• should thus tackle disturbances commonly patients Beyond signalling molecules are involved (called 'neurotransmitters' 'neuropeptides') affected agomelatine.• Agomelatine's caused medications This explains therapeutic success effects.

Language: Английский

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Treatment of Anxiety Disorders

American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Fear generalization and behavioral responses to multiple dangers

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 38(4), P. 369 - 380

Published: Nov. 22, 2022

Language: Английский

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Treatment of Bipolar Disorder

American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Pavlovian-to-Instrumental Transfer across Mental Disorders: A Review

Neuropsychobiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 81(5), P. 418 - 437

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

A mechanism known as Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) describes a phenomenon by which the values of environmental cues acquired through Pavlovian conditioning can motivate instrumental behavior. PIT may be one basic action control that characterize mental disorders on dimensional level beyond current classification systems. Therefore, we review human studies investigating subclinical and clinical syndromes. The literature prevails an inhomogeneous picture concerning PIT. While enhanced effects seem to present in non-substance-related disorders, overweight people, most with AUD patients, no altered were reported tobacco use disorder obesity. Regarding relapsing alcohol-dependent there is mixed evidence or effects. Additionally, for aberrant corticostriatal activation genetic risk, e.g., association high-risk alcohol consumption relapse after detoxification. In patients anorexia nervosa, stronger elicited low caloric stimuli associated increased disease severity. depression, aversive loss action-specificity poorer treatment outcomes reported. Schizophrenic showed disrupted specific but intact general Patients chronic back pain reduced We provide possible reasons understand heterogeneity within across disorders. Further, strengthen importance reliable experimental tasks test-retest data task showing moderate good reliability. Finally, point toward stress underlying factor explain some per se interacts impact behavior selectively increasing cue-triggered wanting. To conclude, discuss results light Research Domain Criteria, suggesting future comprehensively assess psychopathological dimensions.

Language: Английский

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