International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
24(1), P. 707 - 707
Published: Dec. 31, 2022
Metabolites
produced
by
an
altered
gut
microbiota
might
mediate
the
effects
in
brain.
Among
metabolites,
fecal
volatile
organic
compounds
(VOCs)
are
considered
to
be
potential
biomarkers.
In
this
study,
we
examined
both
VOCs
and
bacterial
taxa
feces
from
healthy
subjects
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
patients
at
early
middle
stages.
Remarkably,
29
13
genera
were
differentiated
AD
patients.
general,
higher
amounts
of
acids
esters
found
terpenes,
sulfur
aldehydes
subjects.
At
stage
AD,
most
relevant
with
a
abundance
short-chain
fatty
their
producing
bacteria,
Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
17
Published: Aug. 4, 2023
The
gut
microbiota
(GM)
plays
an
important
role
in
the
physiology
and
pathology
of
host.
Microbiota
communicate
with
different
organs
organism
by
synthesizing
hormones
regulating
body
activity.
interaction
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
signaling
pathways
includes
chemical,
neural
immune
endocrine
routes.
Alteration
or
dysbiosis
leads
to
gastrointestinal
tract
disorders
that
ultimately
impact
host
because
abnormal
microbial
metabolites
stimulate
trigger
physiologic
reactions
body.
Intestinal
a
change
bidirectional
relationship
between
CNS
GM,
which
is
linked
pathogenesis
neurodevelopmental
neurological
disorders.
Increasing
preclinical
clinical
studies/evidence
indicate
microbes
are
possible
susceptibility
factor
for
progression
disorders,
including
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD),
Parkinson’s
(PD),
multiple
sclerosis
(MS)
autism
spectrum
disorder
(ASD).
In
this
review,
we
discuss
crucial
connection
system,
biological
systems
contribution
microbiota-related
Mechanisms of Ageing and Development,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
211, P. 111787 - 111787
Published: Feb. 1, 2023
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
a
neurodegenerative
disorder
that
affects
millions
of
people
worldwide.
Growing
evidence
suggests
the
gut
microbiome
(GM)
plays
pivotal
role
in
pathogenesis
AD
through
microbiota-gut-brain
axis
(MGB).
Alterations
GM
composition
and
diversity
have
been
observed
both
animal
models
human
patients
with
AD.
dysbiosis
has
implicated
increased
intestinal
permeability,
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
impairment,
neuroinflammation
development
hallmarks
Further
elucidation
could
pave
way
for
holistic
predictive
methods
determining
risk
progression
disease.
Furthermore,
accumulating
modulation
alleviate
adverse
symptoms
or
serve
as
preventive
measure.
In
addition,
increasing
shows
Type
2
Diabetes
Mellitus
(T2DM)
often
comorbid
AD,
common
alterations
inflammatory
response,
which
chart
GM-related
treatment
interventions
diseases.
We
conclude
by
exploring
therapeutic
potential
alleviating
reducing
risk.
we
also
propose
future
directions
research,
namely
fecal
microbiota
transplantation
(FMT)
precision
medicine.
Alzheimer s & Dementia,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
20(8), P. 5771 - 5788
Published: June 28, 2024
Abstract
Over
the
past
decades,
accumulating
evidence
suggests
that
gut
microbiome
exerts
a
key
role
in
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD).
The
Association
Workgroup
is
updating
diagnostic
criteria
for
AD,
which
changed
profiles
and
categorization
of
biomarkers
from
“AT(N)”
to
“ATNIVS.”
Previously,
most
studies
focus
on
correlation
between
amyloid
beta
deposition
(“A”),
initial
AD
pathological
feature
triggering
“downstream”
tauopathy
neurodegeneration.
However,
limited
research
investigated
interactions
other
pathogenesis
(“TNIVS”).
In
this
review,
we
summarize
current
findings
microbial
characteristics
whole
spectrum
AD.
Then,
describe
association
with
updated
biomarker
categories
pathogenesis.
addition,
outline
microbiome‐related
therapeutic
strategies
Finally,
discuss
issues
field
future
directions.
Highlights
new
revised
(AD)
proposed
by
have
associations
are
described.
Current
summarized.
Therapeutic
based
proposed.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: July 31, 2024
Millions
of
microorganisms
make
up
the
complex
microbial
ecosystem
found
in
human
gut.
The
immune
system's
interaction
with
gut
microbiota
is
essential
for
preventing
inflammation
and
maintaining
intestinal
homeostasis.
Numerous
metabolic
products
that
can
cross-talk
between
cells
epithelium
are
metabolized
by
microbiota.
Traumatic
injury
elicits
a
great
multifaceted
response
minutes
after
initial
offense,
containing
simultaneous
pro-
anti-inflammatory
responses.
development
innovative
therapies
improve
patient
outcomes
depends
on
immunological
responses
to
trauma.
altered
makeup
microbes,
or
dysbiosis,
also
dysregulate
responses,
resulting
inflammation.
Major
diseases
may
become
more
common
as
result
chronic
dysbiosis
translocation
bacteria
their
metabolism
beyond
mucosal
barrier.
In
this
review,
we
briefly
summarize
interactions
system
disease
therapeutic
probiotic
formulations.
We
discuss
traumatic
injury.
Reviews in the Neurosciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 20, 2025
Abstract
Recently,
researchers
have
been
interested
in
the
potential
connection
between
gut
microbiota
composition
and
various
neuropsychological
disorders.
Dementia
significantly
affects
socioeconomics
of
families.
Gut
is
considered
as
a
probable
factor
its
pathogenesis.
Multiple
bacterial
metabolites
such
short-chain
fatty
acids,
lipopolysaccharides,
neurotransmitters
that
are
responsible
for
incidence
progression
dementia
can
be
produced
by
microbiota.
Various
species
Bifidobacterium
breve
,
Akkermansia
muciniphila
Streptococcus
thermophilus
Escherichia
coli
Blautia
hydrogenotrophica
etc.
implicated
pathogenesis
dementia.
great
target
imitating
or
inhibiting
their
an
adjunctive
therapy
based
on
role
Therefore,
some
diets
prevent
decelerate
altering
composition.
Moreover,
probiotics
modulate
increasing
beneficial
bacteria
reducing
detrimental
species.
These
therapeutic
modalities
novel
methods
probably
safe
effective.
They
enhance
efficacy
traditional
medications
improve
cognitive
function.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
23(20), P. 12671 - 12671
Published: Oct. 21, 2022
Lipopolysaccharides
(LPSs)
are
microbiome-derived
glycolipids
that
among
the
most
potent
pro-inflammatory
neurotoxins
known.
In
Homo
sapiens,
major
sources
of
LPSs
gastrointestinal
(GI)-tract-resident
facultative
anaerobic
Gram-negative
bacilli,
including
Bacteroides
fragilis
and
Escherichia
coli.
have
been
abundantly
detected
in
aged
human
brain
by
multiple
independent
research
investigators,
an
increased
abundance
around
within
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)-affected
neurons
has
found.
Microbiome-generated
other
endotoxins
cross
GI-tract
biophysiological
barriers
into
systemic
circulation
across
blood-brain
barrier
brain,
a
pathological
process
increases
during
aging
vascular
disorders,
'leaky
gut
syndrome'.
Further
evidence
indicates
up-regulate
transcription
factor
complex
NF-kB
(p50/p65)
subsequently
set
NF-kB-sensitive
microRNAs,
miRNA-30b,
miRNA-34a,
miRNA-146a
miRNA-155.
These
up-regulated
miRNAs
turn
down-regulate
family
neurodegeneration-associated
messenger
RNA
(mRNA)
targets,
mRNA
encoding
neuron-specific
neurofilament
light
(NF-L)
chain
protein.
While
NF-L
reported
to
be
peripheral
biofluids
AD
progressive
lethal
neurodegenerative
is
significantly
down-regulated
neocortical
neurons,
this
may
account
for
neuronal
atrophy,
loss
axonal
caliber
alterations
cell
shape,
modified
synaptic
architecture
network
deficits
signaling
capacity.
This
paper
reviews
reveals
current
findings
on
neurotoxic
aspects
how
these
contribute
biological
mechanism
progressive,
age-related
ultimately
disorders.
recently
discovered
gut-microbiota-derived
LPS-NF-kB-miRNA-30b-NF-L
network:
(i)
underscores
direct
positive
link
between
microbes
inflammatory
neuropathology,
disordered
cytoskeleton,
disrupted
synaptic-signaling
stressed
cells
primary
culture;
(ii)
first
example
glycolipid
having
significant
detrimental
miRNA-mediated
actions
expression
NF-L,
abundant
filamentous
protein
known
important
maintenance
homeostasis.
