Neural control of sex differences in affiliative and prosocial behaviors

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106039 - 106039

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Social interactions are vital for various taxa and species. Prosocial affiliative dynamics within a group between individuals not only pleasurable rewarding, but also appear to actively contribute well-being, cognitive performance, disease prevention. Moreover, disturbances in acting or being prosocial can represent major burden an individual their affective partners. These disruptions evident across spectrum of neuropsychiatric conditions, including depression autism disorders. Importantly, interactive patterns behavior vary with sex. The fact that genders differentially affected by disorders associated social impairment underscores the high importance this research uncovering underlying neural correlates mechanisms. This review focuses on elucidating sex-related differences behaviors potential association sexually different correlates. Specifically, we aim shed light complex interplay sex, behavior, neurobiology interaction patterns.

Language: Английский

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Characterizing the mechanisms of social connection

Neuron, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 111(24), P. 3911 - 3925

Published: Oct. 6, 2023

Understanding how individuals form and maintain strong social networks has emerged as a significant public health priority result of the increased focus on epidemic loneliness myriad protective benefits conferred by connection. In this review, we highlight psychological neural mechanisms that enable us to connect with others, which in turn help buffer against consequences stress isolation. Central process is experience rewards derived from positive interactions, encourage sharing perspectives preferences unite individuals. Sharing affective states others helps align our understanding world another's, thereby continuing reinforce bonds strengthen relationships. These processes depend systems supporting reward cognitive function. Lastly, also consider limitations associated pursuing healthy connections outline potential avenues future research.

Language: Английский

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Lessons from lonely flies: Molecular and neuronal mechanisms underlying social isolation

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 156, P. 105504 - 105504

Published: Dec. 6, 2023

Animals respond to changes in the environment which affect their internal state by adapting behaviors. Social isolation is a form of passive environmental stressor that alters animal behaviors across kingdom, including humans, rodents, and fruit flies. known increase violence, disrupt sleep depression leading poor mental physical health. Recent evidence from several model organisms suggests social leads remodeling transcriptional epigenetic landscape behavioral outcomes. In this review, we explore how manipulating experience fly Drosophila melanogaster can shed light on molecular neuronal mechanisms underlying driven We discuss recent advances made using powerful genetic toolkit assays uncover role neuromodulators, sensory modalities, pheromones, circuits mediating isolation. The insights gained these studies could be crucial for developing effective therapeutic interventions future.

Language: Английский

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Comparative perspectives on neuropeptide function and social isolation

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Adolescent Aggression: A Narrative Review on the Potential Impact of Violent Video Games

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 12 - 12

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Background: Exposure to violent content through video games can shape perceptions of aggression as normative or acceptable, potentially desensitizing adolescents violence and increasing the likelihood that they will engage in aggressive behavior their real-world interactions. This narrative review examines relationship between (VVGs) youth aggression, addressing (i) VVG exposure lens Social Learning Theory General Aggression Model; (ii) biological determinants behavior, including neurophysiological correlates potential modulatory role gut microbiome; (iii) current evidence on influence adolescent aggression. Results: may promote moral disengagement reinforce rewarding actions, leading real-life VVGs increases by elevating cortisol levels, activating sympathetic nervous system, stimulating brain’s reward disrupting neurotransmitter balance. Alterations microbiome composition could occur a result engaging VVGs, mirroring physiological responses observed activities. The among has been widely explored, with studies generally indicating lead desensitization violence, reduced empathy, diminished prosocial behavior. have also linked both bullying perpetration victimization dynamics adolescents, contributing mental health issues, which turn exacerbate problematic gaming behaviors. Conclusions: While there is suggesting associated increased discrepancies literature highlight need for further research aimed at improving our understanding this phenomenon. topic reveal significant limitations, predominance cross-sectional designs, methodological shortcomings, small sample sizes, challenges generalizing results. Factors such developmental stages participants, exclusion females, unmeasured variables during long follow-up periods complicate interpretations. Moreover, parental responsibility effectiveness age ratings require closer examination.

Language: Английский

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Post-weaning social isolation in male mice leads to abnormal aggression and disrupted network organization in the prefrontal cortex: Contribution of parvalbumin interneurons with or without perineuronal nets

Neurobiology of Stress, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25, P. 100546 - 100546

Published: May 29, 2023

Adverse social experiences during childhood increase the risk of developing aggression-related psychopathologies. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a key regulator behavior, where experience-dependent network development tied to maturation parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons. Maltreatment in could impact PFC and lead disturbances behavior later life. However, our knowledge regarding early-life stress on operation PV+ cell function still scarce. Here, we used post-weaning isolation (PWSI) model neglect mice study associated neuronal changes PFC, additionally distinguishing between two main subpopulations interneurons, i.e. those without or enwrapped by perineuronal nets (PNN). For first time such detailed extent mice, show that PWSI induced including abnormal aggression, excessive vigilance fragmented behavioral organization. showed altered resting-state fighting-induced co-activation patterns orbitofrontal medial (mPFC) subregions, with particularly highly elevated activity mPFC. Surprisingly, aggressive interaction was higher recruitment mPFC neurons were surrounded PNN seemed mediate emergence deficits. did not affect number density, but enhanced PV intensity as well cortical subcortical glutamatergic drive onto neurons. Our results suggest increased excitatory input cells emerge compensatory mechanism for neuron-mediated impaired inhibition layer 5 pyramidal neurons, since found lower numbers GABAergic puncta perisomatic region these cells. In conclusion, leads PV-PNN excitatory/inhibitory balance mPFC, which possibly contributes disruptions seen mice. data advances understanding how can maturing abnormalities adulthood.

Language: Английский

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Role of Acorus calamus in preventing depression, anxiety, and oxidative stress in long-term socially isolated rats

Veterinary World, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

Background and Aim: Social isolation stress (SIS) individual housing have been shown to cause abnormal cognitive insufficiencies, altered anxiety levels, signs of psychiatric diseases. Acorus calamus (AC), commonly known as Sweet Flag, has widely used in India treat neurological, metabolic, respiratory disorders, indicating its potential therapeutic value. This study aimed determine the antidepressant antioxidative effects AC on rats subjected long-term, social-isolation-induced stress. Materials Methods: involved 2-month-old male (24) weighing approximately 180200 g bred in-house. The were divided into four groups (n = 6): Group-1 received saline, Group-2 SIS, Group-3 only 50mg/kg AC, Group-4 SIS for 6 weeks. After this, behavioral, biochemical, neuronal assay was conducted. Results: Behavioral experiments showed significantly higher activity levels (p < 0.001) AC-treated than group. In addition, with treatment exhibited enhanced total antioxidants, superoxide dismutase, assays compared alone. Conclusion: improved antioxidant against rat brain tissue. Moreover, we proved that can effectively reverse neurotoxicity induced by animal models. As battle coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic social isolation, could be considered a supplementary alleviate depressive-like symptoms our present-day lifestyle. Keywords: antidepressant, effects, tissue, pandemic.

Language: Английский

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Glial tone of aggression

Neuroscience Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 202, P. 39 - 51

Published: Nov. 24, 2023

Anger transition is often abrupt. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms responsible for switching and modulating aggression levels. The cerebellum considered a center motor coordination learning; however, its connection to social behavior has long been observed. Here, used resident-intruder paradigm in male mice examined local field potential (LFP) changes, glial cytosolic ion fluctuations, vascular dynamics cerebellar vermis throughout various phases of combat sequence. Notably, observed emergence theta-band oscillations LFP sustained elevations Ca2+ levels during breakups. When astrocytes, including Bergmann cells, were photoactivated using channelrhodopsin-2, emerged an early breakup occurred. Within single sequence, rapid alteration offensive (fight) passive (flight) responses observed, which roughly correlated with decreases increases Ca2+, respectively. Neuron-glial interactions may play role adjusting Purkinje cell excitability setting tone aggression. Future anger management strategies clinical control excessive violent be realized by developing therapeutic strategy that adjusts activity cerebellum.

Language: Английский

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Central amygdala is related to the reduction of aggressive behavior by monosodium glutamate ingestion during the period of development in an ADHD model rat

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: May 3, 2024

Introduction Monosodium glutamate (MSG), an umami substance, stimulates the gut-brain axis communication via gut receptors and subsequent vagus nerves. However, brain mechanism underlying effect of MSG ingestion during developmental period on aggression has not yet been clarified. We first tried to establish new experimental conditions be more appropriate for detailed analysis brain, then investigated effects aggressive behavior stage ADHD rat model. Methods Long-Evans, WKY/Izm, SHR/Izm, SHR-SP/Ezo were individually housed from postnatal day 25 5 weeks. Post-weaning social isolation (PWSI) was given escalate behavior. The resident-intruder test, that is conducted subjective night, used a aggression, including frequency, duration, latency anogenital sniffing, grooming, attack Immunohistochemistry c-Fos expression in all strains predict potential aggression-related areas. Finally, most strain, known model attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), investigate (60 mM solution) followed by immunostaining Bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagotomy performed verify importance interactions MSG. Results resident intruder test revealed SHR/Izm rats among four parameters tested. also showed highest number + cells areas, central amygdala (CeA). significantly decreased frequency duration grooming increased Furthermore, administration successfully positive cell intermediate nucleus solitary tract (iNTS), terminal gastrointestinal sensory afferent fiber nerve, modulated CeA. Interestingly, diminished iNTS Conclusion PWSI-induced which mediated nerve related stimulation modulation CeA activity.

Language: Английский

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Chronic ingestion of soy peptide supplementation reduces aggressive behavior and abnormal fear memory caused by juvenile social isolation

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 21, 2024

Abstract Juvenile loneliness is a risk factor for psychopathology in later life. Deprivation of early social experience due to peer rejection has detrimental impact on emotional and cognitive brain function adulthood. Accumulating evidence indicates that soy peptides have many positive effects higher rodents humans. However, the peptide use juvenile isolation are unknown. Here, we demonstrated reduced deterioration behavioral cellular functions resulting from socially-isolated rearing. We found prolonged post-weaning male C57BL/6J mice resulted aggression impulsivity fear memory deficits at 7 weeks age, these abnormalities, except impulsivity, were mitigated by ingestion peptides. Furthermore, daily intake caused upregulation postsynaptic density 95 medial prefrontal cortex phosphorylation cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein hippocampus socially isolated mice, increased monophosphate-activated kinase hippocampus, altered microbiota composition. These results suggest protective against isolation-induced via synaptic maturation functionalization.

Language: Английский

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