Physiology of Astroglia

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 98(1), P. 239 - 389

Published: Dec. 24, 2017

Astrocytes are neural cells of ectodermal, neuroepithelial origin that provide for homeostasis and defense the central nervous system (CNS). highly heterogeneous in morphological appearance; they express a multitude receptors, channels, membrane transporters. This complement underlies their remarkable adaptive plasticity defines functional maintenance CNS development aging. tightly integrated into networks act within context tissue; astrocytes control at all levels organization from molecular to whole organ.

Language: Английский

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Gliotransmitters Travel in Time and Space

Neuron, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 81(4), P. 728 - 739

Published: Feb. 1, 2014

Language: Английский

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Cannabinoid Receptors and the Endocannabinoid System: Signaling and Function in the Central Nervous System

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 19(3), P. 833 - 833

Published: March 13, 2018

The biological effects of cannabinoids, the major constituents ancient medicinal plant Cannabis sativa (marijuana) are mediated by two members G-protein coupled receptor family, cannabinoid receptors 1 (CB1R) and 2. CB1R is prominent subtype in central nervous system (CNS) has drawn great attention as a potential therapeutic avenue several pathological conditions, including neuropsychological disorders neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, cannabinoids also modulate signal transduction pathways exert profound at peripheral sites. Although have potential, their psychoactive largely limited use clinical practice. In this review, we briefly summarized our knowledge endocannabinoid system, focusing on CNS, with emphasis recent breakthroughs field. We aim to define roles modulation signaling association pathophysiological conditions. believe that significance masked adverse here alternative strategies discussed take advantage cannabinoids.

Language: Английский

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Endocannabinoid Signaling and Synaptic Function

Neuron, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 76(1), P. 70 - 81

Published: Oct. 1, 2012

Language: Английский

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Astrocyte calcium signaling: the third wave

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 19(2), P. 182 - 189

Published: Jan. 27, 2016

Language: Английский

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Astrocyte function from information processing to cognition and cognitive impairment

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 154 - 166

Published: Jan. 21, 2019

Language: Английский

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Multiple Functions of Endocannabinoid Signaling in the Brain

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 35(1), P. 529 - 558

Published: May 20, 2012

Despite being regarded as a hippie science for decades, cannabinoid research has finally found its well-deserved position in mainstream neuroscience. A series of groundbreaking discoveries revealed that endocannabinoid molecules are widespread and important conventional neurotransmitters such glutamate or GABA, yet they act profoundly unconventional ways. We aim to illustrate how uncovering the molecular, anatomical, physiological characteristics signaling new mechanistic insights into several fundamental phenomena synaptic physiology. First, we summarize unexpected advances molecular complexity biogenesis inactivation two endocannabinoids, anandamide 2-arachidonoylglycerol. Then, show these metabolic routes integrated well-known intracellular pathways. These endocannabinoid-producing signalosomes operate phasic tonic modes, thereby differentially governing homeostatic, short-term, long-term plasticity throughout brain. Finally, discuss cell type- synapse-specific refinement may explain characteristic behavioral effects cannabinoids.

Language: Английский

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Glial cells in (patho)physiology

Journal of Neurochemistry, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 121(1), P. 4 - 27

Published: Jan. 18, 2012

Neuroglial cells define brain homeostasis and mount defense against pathological insults. Astroglia regulate neurogenesis development of circuits. In the adult brain, astrocytes enter into intimate dynamic relationship with neurons, especially at synaptic sites where they functionally form tripartite synapse. At these sites, ion neurotransmitter homeostasis, metabolically support neurons monitor activity; one readouts latter manifests in astrocytic intracellular Ca(2+) signals. This excitability can lead to release chemical transmitters via -dependent exocytosis. Once extracellular space, gliotransmitters modulate plasticity cause changes behavior. Besides physiological tasks, are fundamental for progression outcome neurological diseases. Alzheimer's disease, example, may contribute etiology this disorder. Highly lethal glial-derived tumors use signaling trickery coerce normal assist tumor invasiveness. review not only sheds new light on operation health but also points many unknowns.

Language: Английский

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Acute Cannabinoids Impair Working Memory through Astroglial CB1 Receptor Modulation of Hippocampal LTD

Cell, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 148(5), P. 1039 - 1050

Published: March 1, 2012

Language: Английский

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The endocannabinoid system in guarding against fear, anxiety and stress

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 705 - 718

Published: Nov. 20, 2015

Language: Английский

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