Astrocyte Ca2+ signalling: an unexpected complexity

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 327 - 335

Published: April 17, 2014

Language: Английский

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Critical-Period Plasticity in the Visual Cortex

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 35(1), P. 309 - 330

Published: May 20, 2012

In many regions of the developing brain, neuronal circuits undergo defined phases enhanced plasticity, termed critical periods. Work in rodent visual cortex has led to important insights into cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating timing period. Although there is little doubt that maturation specific inhibitory plays a key role opening period cortex, it less clear what puts an end it. this review, we describe established point out where more experimental work needed. We also show plasticity present well before, long after, peak

Language: Английский

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Astrocytes Mediate In Vivo Cholinergic-Induced Synaptic Plasticity

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. e1001259 - e1001259

Published: Feb. 14, 2012

Long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission represents the cellular basis learning and memory. Astrocytes have been shown to regulate plasticity. However, their involvement in specific physiological processes that induce LTP vivo remains unknown. Here we show cholinergic activity evoked by sensory stimulation or electrical septal nucleus increases Ca2+ hippocampal astrocytes induces CA3-CA1 synapses, which requires muscarinic (mAChR) metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) activation. Stimulation pathways slices evokes astrocyte elevations, postsynaptic depolarizations CA1 pyramidal neurons, transmitter release at single synapses. Like vivo, these effects are mediated mAChRs, this cholinergic-induced (c-LTP) also involves mGluR Astrocyte elevations absent IP3R2 knock-out mice. Downregulating signal loading with BAPTA GDPβS prevents LTP, is restored simultaneous uncaging depolarization. Therefore, stimulate activates mGluRs. The results from temporal coincidence simultaneously activity. necessary for plasticity, indicating directly involved brain storage information.

Language: Английский

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Astrocyte signaling controls spike timing–dependent depression at neocortical synapses

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 746 - 753

Published: March 25, 2012

Language: Английский

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Endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid-related mediators: Targets, metabolism and role in neurological disorders

Progress in Lipid Research, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 62, P. 107 - 128

Published: March 7, 2016

Language: Английский

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Gliotransmission: Beyond Black-and-White

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 38(1), P. 14 - 25

Published: Jan. 3, 2018

Astrocytes are highly complex cells with many emerging putative roles in brain function. Of these, gliotransmission (active information transfer from glia to neurons) has probably the widest implications on our understanding of how works: do astrocytes really contribute processing within neural circuitry? “Positive evidence” for this stems work multiple laboratories reporting examples modulatory chemical signaling neurons timeframe hundreds milliseconds several minutes. This involves, but is not limited to, Ca 2+ -dependent vesicular transmitter release, and results a variety regulatory effects at synapses circuits that abolished by preventing elevations or blocking exocytosis selectively astrocytes. In striking contradiction, methodologically advanced studies few produced “negative evidence,” triggering heated debate actual existence properties gliotransmission. context, skeptics' camp arose, eager dismiss whole positive evidence based number assumptions behind negative data, such as following: (1) deleting single release pathway (IP3R2) removes all sources gliotransmission; (2) stimulating transgenically expressed Gq-GPCR (MrgA1) mimics physiological underlying gliotransmitter release; (3) age-dependent downregulation an endogenous GPCR (mGluR5) questions adulthood; (4) failure transcriptome analysis detect vGluts canonical synaptic SNAREs proves inexistence/functional irrelevance release. We here discuss above likely wrong oversimplistic. light most recent literature, we argue more phenomenon than originally thought, possibly consisting forms processes, whose correct study require sophisticated tools finer scientific experiments done until today. Under perspective, opposing camps can be reconciled field moved forward. Along path, cautious mindset attitude open discussion mutual respect between opponent will good companions. Dual Perspectives Companion Paper: Multiple Lines Evidence Indicate That Gliotransmission Does Not Occur under Physiological Conditions, Todd A. Fiacco Ken D. McCarthy

Language: Английский

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Artifact versus reality—How astrocytes contribute to synaptic events

Glia, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 60(7), P. 1013 - 1023

Published: Jan. 6, 2012

The neuronal doctrine, developed a century ago regards networks as the sole substrate of higher brain function. Recent advances in glial physiology have promoted an alternative hypothesis, which places information processing into integrated neuronal-glial utilizing both binary (neuronal action potentials) and analogue (diffusional propagation second messengers/metabolites through gap junctions or transmitters interstitial space) signal encoding. It has been proposed that feed-forward feed-back communication between these two types neural cells, underlies transfer processing, is accomplished by release neurotransmitters from terminals well astroglial processes. Understanding this subject, however, remains incomplete important questions controversies require resolution. Here we propose primary function perisynaptic processes to create "astroglial cradle" shields synapse multitude extrasynaptic signaling events provides for multifaceted support long-term plasticity synaptic contacts variety mechanisms, may not necessarily involve "glio" transmitters.

Language: Английский

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Synapse-specific astrocyte gating of amygdala-related behavior

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 20(11), P. 1540 - 1548

Published: Sept. 25, 2017

Language: Английский

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Physiology of Astroglia

Advances in experimental medicine and biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 45 - 91

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

Language: Английский

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Circuit-specific signaling in astrocyte-neuron networks in basal ganglia pathways

Science, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 349(6249), P. 730 - 734

Published: Aug. 13, 2015

Astrocytes are important regulatory elements in brain function. They respond to neurotransmitters and release gliotransmitters that modulate synaptic transmission. However, the cell- synapse-specificity of functional relationship between astrocytes neurons certain circuits remains unknown. In dorsal striatum, which mainly comprises two intermingled subtypes (striatonigral striatopallidal) medium spiny (MSNs) synapses belonging neural (the direct indirect pathways basal ganglia), subpopulations selectively responded specific MSN subtype activity. These released glutamate activated N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors homotypic, but not heterotypic, MSNs. Likewise, astrocyte regulated homotypic through metabotropic receptor activation. Therefore, bidirectional astrocyte-neuron signaling occurs astrocytes, neurons, synapses.

Language: Английский

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