Cell Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
43(3), P. 113871 - 113871
Published: March 1, 2024
We
examined
the
distribution
of
pre-synaptic
contacts
in
axons
mouse
neurons
and
constructed
whole-brain
single-cell
neuronal
networks
using
an
extensive
dataset
1,891
fully
reconstructed
neurons.
found
that
bouton
locations
were
not
homogeneous
throughout
axon
among
brain
regions.
As
our
algorithm
was
able
to
generate
connectivity
matrices
from
full
morphology
reconstruction
datasets,
we
further
non-homogeneous
have
a
significant
impact
on
network
wiring,
including
degree
distribution,
triad
census,
community
structure.
By
perturbing
morphology,
explored
link
between
anatomical
details
topology.
In
silico
exploration,
dendritic
axonal
tree
span
would
greatest
followed
by
synaptic
contact
deletion.
Our
results
suggest
neuroanatomical
must
be
carefully
addressed
studies
at
level.
Nature,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
598(7879), P. 188 - 194
Published: Oct. 6, 2021
The
cortico-basal
ganglia-thalamo-cortical
loop
is
one
of
the
fundamental
network
motifs
in
brain.
Revealing
its
structural
and
functional
organization
critical
to
understanding
cognition,
sensorimotor
behaviour,
natural
history
many
neurological
neuropsychiatric
disorders.
Classically,
this
conceptualized
contain
three
information
channels:
motor,
limbic
associative1-4.
Yet
three-channel
view
cannot
explain
myriad
functions
basal
ganglia.
We
previously
subdivided
dorsal
striatum
into
29
domains
on
basis
topography
inputs
from
entire
cortex5.
Here
we
map
multi-synaptic
output
pathways
these
striatal
through
globus
pallidus
external
part
(GPe),
substantia
nigra
reticular
(SNr),
thalamic
nuclei
cortex.
Accordingly,
identify
14
SNr
36
GPe
a
direct
cortico-SNr
projection.
striatonigral
pathway
displays
greater
convergence
than
more
parallel
striatopallidal
indirect
pathway,
although
originating
same
domain
ultimately
converge
onto
postsynaptic
neurons.
Following
outputs,
delineate
six
parafascicular
ventromedial
nuclei.
Subsequently,
ganglia-thalamic
subnetworks
that
sequentially
transduce
specific
subsets
cortical
every
elemental
node
cortico-basal
loop.
Thalamic
relay
back
corticostriatal
neurons
each
subnetwork
bona
fide
closed
Annual Review of Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
45(1), P. 63 - 85
Published: Jan. 5, 2022
Locomotion
is
a
universal
motor
behavior
that
expressed
as
the
output
of
many
integrated
brain
functions.
organized
at
several
levels
nervous
system,
with
brainstem
circuits
acting
gate
between
areas
regulating
innate,
emotional,
or
motivational
locomotion
and
executive
spinal
circuits.
Here
we
review
recent
advances
on
involved
in
controlling
locomotion.
We
describe
how
delineated
command
govern
start,
speed,
stop,
steering
also
discuss
these
pathways
interface
cord
diverse
important
for
context-specific
selection
A
recurrent
theme
need
to
establish
functional
connectome
from
Finally,
point
unresolved
issues
concerning
function
locomotor
control.
Nature Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
27(4), P. 716 - 727
Published: Feb. 12, 2024
Abstract
The
basal
ganglia
are
essential
for
executing
motor
actions.
How
the
engage
spinal
networks
has
remained
elusive.
Medullary
Chx10
gigantocellular
(Gi)
neurons
required
turning
gait
programs,
suggesting
that
gaits
organized
by
executed
via
this
descending
pathway.
Performing
deep
brainstem
recordings
of
Gi
Ca
2+
activity
in
adult
mice,
we
show
striatal
projection
initiate
a
dominant
crossed
pathway
to
on
contralateral
side.
Using
intersectional
viral
tracing
and
cell-type-specific
modulation,
uncover
principal
ganglia–spinal
cord
locomotor
asymmetries
mice:
→
pontine
reticular
nucleus,
oral
part
(PnO)
cord.
Modulating
restricted
PnO
restores
competence
upon
damage,
dysfunction
may
contribute
debilitating
deficits
observed
Parkinson’s
disease.
Our
results
reveal
stratified
circuit
architecture
underlying
critical
program.
Cell,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
184(17), P. 4564 - 4578.e18
Published: July 23, 2021
The
mesencephalic
locomotor
region
(MLR)
is
a
key
midbrain
center
with
roles
in
locomotion.
Despite
extensive
studies
and
clinical
trials
aimed
at
therapy-resistant
Parkinson's
disease
(PD),
debate
on
its
function
remains.
Here,
we
reveal
the
existence
of
functionally
diverse
neuronal
populations
distinct
control
body
movements.
We
identify
two
spatially
intermingled
glutamatergic
separable
by
axonal
projections,
mouse
genetics,
activity
profiles,
motor
functions.
Most
spinally
projecting
MLR
neurons
encoded
full-body
behavior
rearing.
Loss-
gain-of-function
optogenetic
perturbation
experiments
establish
for
these
controlling
extension.
In
contrast,
Rbp4-transgene-positive
project
an
ascending
direction
to
basal
ganglia,
preferentially
encode
forelimb
behaviors
handling
grooming,
exhibit
role
modulating
movement.
Thus,
contains
subpopulations
stratified
projection
target
exhibiting
action
not
restricted
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Aug. 23, 2022
The
midline
and
intralaminar
nuclei
of
the
thalamus
form
a
major
part
"limbic
thalamus;"
that
is,
thalamic
structures
anatomically
functionally
linked
with
limbic
forebrain.
consist
paraventricular
(PV)
paratenial
nuclei,
dorsally
rhomboid
nucleus
reuniens
(RE),
ventrally.
rostral
(ILt)
central
medial
(CM),
paracentral
(PC)
lateral
(CL)
nuclei.
We
presently
concentrate
on
RE,
PV,
CM
CL
thalamus.
receives
diverse
array
input
from
limbic-related
sites,
predominantly
projects
to
hippocampus
"limbic"
cortices.
RE
participates
in
various
cognitive
functions
including
spatial
working
memory,
executive
(attention,
behavioral
flexibility)
affect/fear
behavior.
PV
significant
afferents,
particularly
hypothalamus,
mainly
distributes
"affective"
forebrain
bed
stria
terminalis,
accumbens
amygdala.
Accordingly,
serves
critical
role
"motivated
behaviors"
such
as
arousal,
feeding/consummatory
behavior
drug
addiction.
ILt
both
sensorimotor-related
widely
over
motor
regions
frontal
cortex-and
throughout
dorsal
striatum.
is
for
maintaining
consciousness
directly
sensorimotor
(visuospatial
or
reaction
time
tasks)
tasks
involving
striatal-cortical
interactions.
As
discussed
herein,
while
each
are
distinct,
they
collectively
serve
vital
several
affective,
behaviors
-
components
brainstem-diencephalic-thalamocortical
circuitry.
Science Translational Medicine,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14(661)
Published: Sept. 7, 2022
Disruption
of
subthalamic
nucleus
dynamics
in
Parkinson’s
disease
leads
to
impairments
during
walking.
Here,
we
aimed
uncover
the
principles
through
which
encodes
functional
and
dysfunctional
walking
people
with
disease.
We
conceived
a
neurorobotic
platform
embedding
an
isokinetic
dynamometric
chair
that
allowed
us
deconstruct
key
components
under
well-controlled
conditions.
exploited
this
18
patients
demonstrate
initiation,
termination,
amplitude
leg
muscle
activation.
found
same
fundamental
determine
encoding
synergies
standing
translated
understanding
into
machine
learning
framework
decoded
activation,
states,
locomotor
vigor,
freezing
gait.
These
results
expose
encode
walking,
opening
possibility
operate
neuroprosthetic
systems
these
signals
improve
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: July 24, 2023
Abstract
Oxidative
stress
plays
a
crucial
role
in
the
pathogenesis
of
hepatic
encephalopathy
(HE),
but
mechanism
remains
unclear.
GABAergic
neurons
substantia
nigra
pars
reticulata
(SNr)
contribute
to
motor
deficit
HE.
The
present
study
aims
investigate
effects
oxidative
on
HE
male
mice.
results
validate
existence
both
liver
and
SNr
across
two
murine
models
induced
by
thioacetamide
(TAA)
bile
duct
ligation
(BDL).
Systemic
mitochondria-targeted
antioxidative
drug
mitoquinone
(Mito-Q)
rescues
mitochondrial
dysfunction
injury
SNr,
so
as
restore
locomotor
impairment
TAA
BDL
Furthermore,
GAD2-expressing
population
(SNr
GAD2
)
is
activated
Both
overexpression
uncoupling
protein
2
(UCP2)
targeted
-targeted
chemogenetic
inhibition
rescue
TAA-induced
These
define
key
