bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 22, 2021
Abstract
Imaging
large-population,
single-cell
fluorescent
dynamics
in
freely
behaving
animals
larger
than
mice
remains
a
key
endeavor
of
neuroscience.
We
present
large
field
view
open-source
miniature
microscope
(MiniLFOV)
designed
for
large-scale
(3.6
×
2.7
mm),
single
cell
resolution
neural
imaging
rats.
It
has
an
electrically
adjustable
working
distance
up
to
3.5
mm±100
μm,
incorporates
absolute
head-orientation
sensor,
and
weighs
only
13.9
grams.
The
MiniLFOV
is
capable
both
deep
brain
cortical
been
validated
rats
by
simultaneously
>1000
GCaMP7s
expressing
neurons
the
hippocampal
CA1
layer
head-fixed
~2000
dorsal
cortex
through
cranial
window.
also
supports
optional
wire-free
operation
using
novel,
data
acquisition
expansion
board.
expect
this
new
implementation
UCLA
Miniscope
platform
will
enable
researchers
address
novel
hypotheses
concerning
function
animals.
Science Advances,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(16)
Published: April 21, 2023
Imaging
large-population,
single-cell
fluorescent
dynamics
in
freely
behaving
animals
larger
than
mice
remains
a
key
endeavor
of
neuroscience.
We
present
large-field-of-view
open-source
miniature
microscope
(MiniLFOV)
designed
for
large-scale
(3.6
mm
×
2.7
mm),
cellular
resolution
neural
imaging
rats.
It
has
an
electrically
adjustable
working
distance
up
to
3.5
±
100
μm,
incorporates
absolute
head
orientation
sensor,
and
weighs
only
13.9
g.
The
MiniLFOV
is
capable
both
deep
brain
cortical
been
validated
rats
by
simultaneously
>1000
GCaMP7s-expressing
neurons
the
hippocampal
CA1
layer
head-fixed
~2000
dorsal
cortex
through
cranial
window.
also
supports
optional
wire-free
operation
using
novel,
data
acquisition
expansion
board.
expect
that
this
new
implementation
UCLA
Miniscope
platform
will
enable
researchers
address
novel
hypotheses
concerning
function
animals.
Pharmacological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
75(3), P. 532 - 553
Published: Jan. 10, 2023
The
development
of
cutting-edge
techniques
to
study
specific
brain
regions
and
neural
circuits
that
regulate
sleep–wake
states
general
anesthesia
(GA),
has
increased
our
understanding
these
exhibit
similar
neurophysiologic
traits.
This
review
summarizes
current
knowledge
focusing
on
cell
subtypes
control
wakefulness,
rapid
eye
movement
(REM)
sleep,
non-REM
GA.
We
also
novel
insights
into
their
interactions
raise
unresolved
questions
challenges
in
this
field.
Comparisons
the
overlapping
substrates
GA
regulation
will
help
us
understand
transitions
how
anesthetics
cause
reversible
loss
consciousness.
Significance
Statement
General
sharing
numerous
traits
with
process
natural
is
administered
millions
surgical
patients
annually.
In
past
decade,
studies
exploring
mechanisms
underlying
have
advanced
Pharmacotherapies
targeting
associated
regulations
significance
for
clinical
practice
sleep
medicine.
Science Advances,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(5)
Published: Feb. 3, 2023
Posttraumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD)
is
a
highly
prevalent
and
debilitating
psychiatric
disease
often
accompanied
by
severe
defensive
behaviors,
preventing
individuals
from
integrating
into
society.
However,
the
neural
mechanisms
of
defensiveness
in
PTSD
remain
largely
unknown.
Here,
we
identified
that
higher-order
thalamus,
posteromedial
complex
thalamus
(PoM),
was
overactivated
mouse
model
PTSD,
suppressing
PoM
activity
alleviated
excessive
behaviors.
Moreover,
found
diminished
thalamic
inhibition
derived
reticular
nucleus
major
cause
hyperactivity
mice.
Overloaded
innervation
to
downstream
cortical
area,
frontal
association
cortex,
drove
abnormal
defensiveness.
Overall,
our
study
revealed
malfunction
mediates
behaviors
highlighted
thalamocortical
circuit
as
potential
target
for
treating
PTSD-related
overreactivity
symptoms.
Neuroscience Bulletin,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
38(12), P. 1541 - 1558
Published: May 28, 2022
Abstract
Nervous
systems
must
not
only
generate
specific
adaptive
behaviors,
such
as
reproduction,
aggression,
feeding,
and
sleep,
but
also
select
a
single
behavior
for
execution
at
any
given
time,
depending
on
both
internal
states
external
environmental
conditions.
Despite
their
tremendous
biological
importance,
the
neural
mechanisms
of
action
selection
remain
poorly
understood.
In
past
decade,
studies
in
model
animal
Drosophila
melanogaster
have
demonstrated
valuable
underlying
innate
behaviors.
this
review,
we
summarize
circuit
with
particular
focus
small
number
sexually
dimorphic
neurons
controlling
among
sex,
fight,
sleep
behaviors
sexes
flies.
We
discuss
potentially
conserved
configurations
neuromodulation
fly
mouse
models,
aiming
to
provide
insights
into
prioritization
iScience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
27(6), P. 109919 - 109919
Published: May 7, 2024
Highlights•Optogenetic
activation
of
cortical
neurons
wakes
up
mice
from
NREM
and
REM
sleep•Awakenings
are
induced
more
effectively
in
posterior
parietal
than
prefrontal
cortex•Cortical
opto
stimulation
causes
EEG
behavioral
arousal
coma•Cortical
during
deep
sevo-dex
anesthesiaSummaryThe
cerebral
cortex
is
widely
considered
part
the
neural
substrate
consciousness,
but
direct
causal
evidence
missing.
Here,
we
tested
whether
optogenetic
(PtA)
or
medial
(mPFC)
sufficient
for
three
states
characterized
by
progressively
deeper
unresponsiveness:
sleep,
a
coma-like
state
muscimol
injection
midbrain,
sevoflurane-dexmedetomidine
anesthesia.
We
find
that
always
awakens
both
sleep
with
PtA
requiring
weaker/shorter
light
pulses
mPFC.
Moreover,
most
cases
produce
(decrease
low
frequencies)
(recovery
righting
reflex)
brainstem
coma,
as
well
These
findings
provide
and/or
anesthesia.Graphical
abstract
Current Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
34(15), P. 3301 - 3314.e4
Published: June 28, 2024
Rapid
eye
movement
(REM)
sleep
has
been
hypothesized
to
promote
emotional
resilience,
but
any
neuronal
circuits
mediating
this
have
not
identified.
We
find
that
in
mice,
somatostatin
(Som)
neurons
the
entopeduncular
nucleus
(EP
