Trajectories of anxiety and depressive symptoms during enforced isolation due to COVID-19 in England: a longitudinal observational study

The Lancet Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8(2), P. 141 - 149

Published: Dec. 10, 2020

SummaryBackgroundThere is major concern about the impact of global COVID-19 outbreak on mental health. Several studies suggest that health deteriorated in many countries before and during enforced isolation (ie, lockdown), but it remains unknown how has changed week by over course pandemic. This study aimed to explore trajectories anxiety depression 20 weeks after lockdown was announced England, compare growth individual characteristics.MethodsIn this prospective longitudinal observational study, we analysed data from UCL Social Study, a panel weighted population proportions, which collects information (using Generalised Anxiety Disorder assessment) depressive symptoms Patient Health Questionnaire) weekly UK since March 21, 2020. We included adults living England who had at least three repeated measures between 23 Aug 9, Analyses were done using latent models, fitted account for sociodemographic covariates.FindingsBetween 23, 70 000 collected Study. When including participants with follow-up no missing values, our analytic sample consisted 36 520 participants. The average score 6·6 (SD=6·0, range 0–27) 5·7 (SD=5·6, 0–21) 1. levels both declined across first following introduction (b=–1·93, SE=0·26, p<0·0001 anxiety; b=–2·52, SE=0·28, symptoms). fastest decreases seen strict period (between 2 5), plateauing as further easing introduced 16 20). Being woman or younger, having lower educational attainment, income, pre-existing conditions, alone children all risk factors higher start lockdown. Many these inequalities experiences reduced continued, differences still evident lockdown.InterpretationThese highest occurred early stages fairly rapidly, possibly because individuals adapted circumstances. Our findings emphasise importance supporting lead-up future lockdowns try reduce distress, highlight groups already poor pandemic have remained throughout its aftermath.FundingNuffield Foundation, Research Innovation, Wellcome Trust.

Language: Английский

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Loneliness in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic: Cross-sectional results from the COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. e0239698 - e0239698

Published: Sept. 24, 2020

Loneliness is a significant public health issue. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in lockdown measures limiting social contact. UK are worried about the impact of these on mental outcomes. Understanding prevalence and predictors loneliness at this time priority issue for research.The study employed cross-sectional online survey design. Baseline data collected between March 23rd April 24th 2020 from adults Psychological Wellbeing Study were analysed (N = 1964, 18-87 years, M 37.11, SD 12.86, 70% female). Logistic regression analysis examined influence sociodemographic, social, specific factors loneliness.The was 27% (530/1964). Risk younger age group (OR: 4.67-5.31), being separated or divorced 2.29), scores meeting clinical criteria depression 1.74), greater emotion regulation difficulties 1.04), poor quality sleep due to crisis 1.30). Higher levels support 0.92), married/co-habiting 0.35) living with number 0.87) protective factors.Rates during initial phase high. not crisis. Findings suggest that supportive interventions reduce should prioritise people those symptoms. Improving quality, increasing may be optimal targets regulations

Language: Английский

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Loneliness and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study Among Dutch Older Adults

The Journals of Gerontology Series B, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 76(7), P. e249 - e255

Published: Aug. 4, 2020

Abstract Objectives With the spread of COVID-19, Netherlands implemented a policy to keep citizens physically distanced. We hypothesize that consequent reduction in frequency social contacts, personal losses, and experience general threats society reduced well-being. Methods Data were collected from 1,679 Dutch community-dwelling participants aged 65–102 years comprising longitudinal online panel. Social emotional loneliness mental health measured May 2020, is, 2 months after implementation measures, earlier October November 2019. Results In this pandemic, older people increased, but remained roughly stable. The measures for physical distancing did not cause much isolation worries about decline trust societal institutions associated with increased problems especially loneliness. Discussion consequences long-term well-being must be closely monitored.

Language: Английский

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Loneliness during a strict lockdown: Trajectories and predictors during the COVID-19 pandemic in 38,217 United Kingdom adults

Social Science & Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 265, P. 113521 - 113521

Published: Nov. 1, 2020

There are increasing worries that lockdowns and 'stay-at-home' orders due to the COVID-19 pandemic could lead a rise in loneliness, which is recognised as major public health concern. But profiles of loneliness during risk factors remain unclear. The current study aimed examine if how levels changed strict lockdown explore clustering growth trajectories. Data from 38,217 UK adults UCL COVID -19 Social Study (a panel collecting data weekly pandemic) were analysed period (23/03/2020–10/05/2020). sample was well-stratified weighted population proportions gender, age, ethnicity, education geographical location. Growth mixture modelling used identify latent classes trajectories their predictors. Analyses revealed four classes, with baseline level ranging low high. In first few weeks lockdown, increased highest group, decreased lowest stayed relatively constant middle two groups. Younger (OR = 2.17–6.81), women 1.59), people income 1.3), economically inactive 1.3–2.04) mental conditions 5.32) more likely be class relative lowest. Further, living others or rural area, having close friends greater social support protective. Perceived under measures stable UK, but for many these high no signs improvement. Results suggest efforts needed address loneliness.

Language: Английский

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Loneliness before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

American Psychologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 77(5), P. 660 - 677

Published: May 9, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic and measures aimed at its mitigation, such as physical distancing, have been discussed risk factors for loneliness, which increases the of premature mortality mental health conditions. To ascertain whether loneliness has increased since start pandemic, this study to narratively statistically synthesize relevant high-quality primary studies. This systematic review with meta-analysis was registered PROSPERO (ID CRD42021246771). Searched databases were PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library/Central Register Controlled Trials/EMBASE/CINAHL, Web Science, World Health Organization (WHO) database, supplemented by Google Scholar citation searching (cutoff date search December 5, 2021). Summary data from prospective research including assessments before during extracted. Of 6,850 retrieved records, 34 studies (23 longitudinal, 9 pseudolongitudinal, 2 reporting both designs) on 215,026 participants included. Risk bias (RoB) estimated using in non-randomised studies-of interventions (ROBINS-I) tool. Standardized mean differences (SMD, Hedges' g) continuous values logOR prevalence rates calculated pooled effect size estimators random-effects meta-analyses. Pooling longitudinal designs only (overall N = 45,734), scores (19 studies, SMD 0.27 [95% confidence interval 0.14-0.40], Z 4.02, p < .001, I 98%) (8 0.33 [0.04-0.62], 2.25, .02, 96%) relative prepandemic times small sizes. Results robust respect studies' overall RoB, pseudolongitudinal designs, timing assessments, clinical populations. heterogeneity effects indicates a need further investigate protective progresses inform targeted interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Language: Английский

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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Older Adults: Rapid Review

JMIR Aging, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. e26474 - e26474

Published: March 10, 2021

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically changed the lives of countless members general population. Older adults are known to experience loneliness, age discrimination, and excessive worry. It is therefore reasonable anticipate that they would greater negative outcomes related given their increased isolation risk for complications than younger adults. Objective This study aims synthesize existing research on impact pandemic, associated protective measures, older secondary objective investigate with Alzheimer disease dementias. Methods A rapid review published literature was conducted October 6, 2020, through a search 6 online databases results from original studies regarding Human Development Model conceptual framework–Disability Creation Process used describe understand interactions between personal factors, environmental life habits. reported following Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-analyses Statement. Results total 135 records were included initial strategy 13,452 individual studies. Of these, 113 (83.7%) determined be level 4 according levels evidence classification by Centre Evidence-Based Medicine. presence psychological symptoms, exacerbation ageism, physical deterioration aged populations in Decreased social fewer in-person during occasionally reduced quality depression. Difficulties accessing services, sleep disturbances, reduction activity also noted. Conclusions Our highlight need adequate measures. represent heterogeneous group, which could explain contradictory found literature. Individual, organizational, institutional strategies should established ensure able maintain contacts, preserve family ties, ability give or receive help current pandemic. Future focus specific consequences needs more at-risk inclusion, both public health recommendations considerations made policy makers.

Language: Английский

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Life in lockdown: Social isolation, loneliness and quality of life in the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review

Geriatric Nursing, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 42(5), P. 1222 - 1229

Published: March 13, 2021

Language: Английский

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Associations of Depression, Anxiety, Worry, Perceived Stress, and Loneliness Prior to Infection With Risk of Post–COVID-19 Conditions

JAMA Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 79(11), P. 1081 - 1081

Published: Sept. 7, 2022

Importance Few risk factors for long-lasting (≥4 weeks) COVID-19 symptoms have been identified. Objective To determine whether high levels of psychological distress before SARS-CoV-2 infection, characterized by depression, anxiety, worry, perceived stress, and loneliness, are prospectively associated with increased developing post–COVID-19 conditions (sometimes called long COVID). Design, Setting, Participants This prospective cohort study used data from 3 large ongoing, predominantly female cohorts: Nurses’ Health Study II, 3, the Growing Up Today Study. Between April 2020 November 2021, participants were followed up periodic surveys. included if they reported no current or prior infection at baseline survey when was assessed returned 1 more follow-up questionnaires. Exposures Depression, worry about COVID-19, loneliness measured early in pandemic, using validated Main Outcomes Measures self-reported during each 6 monthly then quarterly COVID-19–related lasting 4 weeks longer daily life impairment due to these on final questionnaire, year after baseline. Results Of 54 960 participants, 38.0% (n = 20 902) active health care workers, 96.6% 53 107) female; mean (SD) age 57.5 (13.8) years. Six percent (3193 participants) a positive test result (1-47 baseline). Among these, probable depression (risk ratio [RR], 1.32; 95% CI 1.12-1.55), anxiety (RR 1.42; CI, 1.23-1.65), (RR, 1.37; 1.17-1.61), stress (highest vs lowest quartile: RR, 1.46; 1.18-1.81), 1.08-1.61) (1403 cases) generalized estimating equation models adjusted sociodemographic factors, behaviors, comorbidities. 2 types nearly 50% 1.49; 1.23-1.80). All (783 among individuals range, 1.15-1.51). Conclusions Relevance The findings this suggest that preinfection may be factor infection. Future work should examine biobehavioral mechanism linking persistent postinfection symptoms.

Language: Английский

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Loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic

Aging & Mental Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 1161 - 1164

Published: Jan. 25, 2021

Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of physical distancing risk collateral damage such as increased loneliness. Older adults have been identified being at higher poor outcomes if infected and many countries subjected greater restrictions on contacts with others. Most research so far points towards an increase loneliness during pandemic. However, there has a lack prospective studies based representative samples older adults, oldest old, low or no Internet usage, those health currently underrepresented. Despite significance cultural norms for individuals' standards social relations and, thus, experience loneliness, comparative Reviews found little evidence what interventions elements are effective reducing There is potential be maintained via technology-based solutions, although excluding limited resources who both least likely use technology most vulnerable Furthermore, remote cannot fully compensate loss contacts. Where stay-at-home orders not imposed, supporting neighbourliness community accessible open spaces other options. Finally, policy responses need more nuanced non-ageist order avoid unnecessary increases adults.

Language: Английский

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Interventions to reduce social isolation and loneliness during COVID-19 physical distancing measures: A rapid systematic review

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. e0247139 - e0247139

Published: Feb. 17, 2021

Background A significant proportion of the worldwide population is at risk social isolation and loneliness as a result COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to identify effective interventions reduce that are compatible with shielding distancing measures. Methods findings In this rapid systematic review, we searched six electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Web Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews SCOPUS) from inception April 2020 for reviews appraising and/or isolation. Primary studies those were eligible if they included: 1) participants in non-hospital setting; 2) would be feasible during measures; 3) relevant control group; 4) quantitative measures isolation, support or loneliness. At least two authors independently screened studies, extracted data, assessed bias using Downs Black checklist. Study registration: PROSPERO CRD42020178654. identified 45 RCTs 13 non-randomised controlled trials; none conducted The nature, type, potential effectiveness varied greatly. Effective include psychological therapies such mindfulness, lessons on friendship, robotic pets, facilitation software. Few improved Overall, 37 58 “Fair” quality, measured by & main study limitations inclusion variable quality; applicability our entire population; current poor understanding types experienced different groups affected Conclusions Many involved cognitive educational components, facilitated communication between peers. These may require minor modifications align shielding/social Future high-quality randomised trials under constraints urgently needed.

Language: Английский

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