Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
56(19), P. 13774 - 13785
Published: Sept. 21, 2022
Bioplastics
are
materials
that
biobased
and/or
biodegradable,
but
not
necessarily
both.
Concerns
about
environmental
plastic
pollution
constantly
growing
with
increasing
demand
for
substituting
fossil-based
plastics
those
made
using
renewable
resource
feedstocks.
For
many
conventional
bioplastics
to
completely
decompose/degrade,
they
require
specific
conditions
rarely
met
in
natural
ecosystems,
leading
rapid
formation
of
micro-bioplastics.
As
global
bioplastic
production
and
consumption/use
continue
increase,
there
is
concern
regarding
the
potential
from
However,
actual
extent
their
occurrence
impacts
remains
unclear,
insufficient
mass
concentration-based
quantitative
data
due
lack
analytical
methods.
This
study
developed
validated
an
method
coupling
pressurized
liquid
extraction
pyrolysis-gas
chromatography-mass
spectrometry
combined
thermochemolysis
simultaneously
identify
quantify
five
targeted
micro-bioplastics
(i.e.,
polylactic
acid
(PLA),
polyhydroxyalkanoate,
polybutylene
succinate,
polycaprolactone,
adipate
terephthalate
(PBAT))
samples
on
a
polymer-specific
mass-based
concentration.
The
recovery
spiked
(biosolids)
ranged
74
116%.
limits
quantification
target
were
between
0.02
0.05
mg/g.
PLA
PBAT
commonly
detected
wastewater,
biosolids,
sediment
at
concentrations
0.07
0.18
presented
enables
accurate
identification,
quantification,
monitoring
samples.
quantified
micro-bioplastic
types
complex
first
time,
filling
gaps
our
knowledge
providing
useful
methodology
important
reference
future
research.
Environmental Research Letters,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
17(3), P. 033003 - 033003
Published: Feb. 11, 2022
Abstract
The
negative
impact
of
plastic
accumulation
in
aquatic
ecosystems
is
a
known
and
undeniable
problem.
However,
while
many
the
scientific
community’s
countermeasures
against
such
target
effects
most
common
commodity
plastics,
consequences
so-called
‘biodegradable’
plastics
those
are
seldom
discussed.
After
all,
though
their
alleged
biodegradability
sustains
widespread
belief
that
they
harmless
to
environment,
because
material’s
fate
determines
its
classification
as
biodegradable
or
not,
classified
do
not
fact
meet
required
norms
standards
ecosystems.
Furthermore,
during
past
five
years,
community
has
shown
degradation
can
generate
bio-microplastics
have
similar
worse
than
conventional
microplastics
(MPs).
Against
background,
this
review
details
latest
findings
regarding
how
influence
thus
cause
adverse
health
living
organisms
and/or
act
vectors
chemical
pollutants.
Beyond
that,
it
identifies
key
aspects
trends
be
investigated
greater
depth,
including
need
consider
wider
variety
develop
systematic
methods
allow
quantifying
identifying
remains
pollutants
species.
Other
worth
considering
include
arrival
mobilisation
dynamics
MPs
oceans.
ways
which
small
animals
fed
by
filtering
(e.g.
red
crabs
other
zooplankton
organisms)
move
through
water
column
into
food
webs
also
merit
attention,
for
ingested
numerous
species
at
different
trophic
levels,
point
bioaccumulation
tissues
considered
factor
toxicity.
This
closes
with
series
recommendations
perspectives
future
studies
on
‘biodegradable
plastics’
Environmental Science and Ecotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
21, P. 100428 - 100428
Published: May 3, 2024
Micro/nanoplastics
(MNPs)
are
detected
in
human
liver,
and
pose
significant
risks
to
health.
Oral
exposure
MNPs
derived
from
non-biodegradable
plastics
can
induce
toxicity
mouse
liver.
Similarly,
nasal
cause
airway
dysbiosis
mice.
However,
the
hepatotoxicity
induced
by
foodborne
airborne
biodegradable
remains
poorly
understood.
Here
we
show
hepatotoxic
effects
of
polylactic
acid
(PLA)
through
multi-omics
analysis
various
biological
samples
mice,
including
gut,
fecal,
nasal,
lung,
blood
samples.
Our
results
that
both
PLA
compromise
liver
function,
disrupt
serum
antioxidant
activity,
pathology.
Specifically,
lead
gut
microbial
dysbiosis,
metabolic
alterations
serum,
transcriptomic
changes.
Airborne
affect
lung
microbiota,
alter
metabolites,
transcriptomics.
The
Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group
is
a
potential
biomarker
for
MNP
exposure,
while
unclassified
Environmental Pollution,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
348, P. 123868 - 123868
Published: March 29, 2024
A
growing
number
of
studies
have
demonstrated
that
microplastic
(MP)
contamination
is
widespread
in
terrestrial
ecosystems.
wide
array
MPs
made
conventional,
fossil-based
polymers
differing
size
and
shape
has
been
detected
soils
worldwide.
Recently,
also
bioplastics
found
soils,
but
there
a
dearth
information
concerning
their
toxicity
on
soil
organisms.
This
study
aimed
at
exploring
the
potential
induced
by
exposure
for
28
days
to
irregular
shaped
differently
sized
(polyethylene
terephthalate
–
PET)
bioplastic
(polylactic
acid
PLA)
polymer
earthworm
Eisenia
foetida.
Two
amounts
(1
g
10
g/kkg
soil,
corresponding
0.1%
1%
weight)
both
MP
types
were
administered
earthworms.
multi-level
approach
was
used
investigate
MP-induced
effects
sub-individual
individual
level.
Changes
activity
antioxidant
detoxifying
enzymes,
as
well
lipid
peroxidation
levels,
investigated
specific
time-points
(i.e.,
7,
14,
21
days)
responses.
Histological
analyses
performed
assess
tissue
level,
while
change
digging
considered
proxy
behavioral
effects.
Earthworms
ingested
polymers.
PET
did
not
induce
any
adverse
effect
none
biological
levels.
In
contrast,
PLA
caused
modulation
earthworms'
oxidative
status
showed
bell-shaped
superoxide
dismutase
coupled
with
an
increase
glutathione
peroxidase
activity.
However,
neither
damage,
nor
alteration
occurred.
These
findings
suggest
bio-based
can
cause
higher
compared
MPs.
