bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 12, 2024
Abstract
While
cortical
patterning
has
been
a
perennial
research
topic
in
neuroscience,
the
mechanism
for
its
consequence,
namely
functional
specialization
at
macro
scale,
remains
an
open
question
human
brain.
Here,
we
focused
on
age-dependent
changes
of
resting-state
thalamocortical
connectivity
to
investigate
role
emergence
large-scale
networks
across
infancy,
childhood
and
young
adulthood.
We
found
that
during
infancy
reflects
early
differentiation
sensorimotor
genetically-influenced
axonal
projection.
This
initial
thalamus,
however,
seems
change
childhood,
by
establishing
with
salience
network
decoupling
externally-
internally-oriented
processes.
Developmental
simulation
perturbation
analyses
corroborated
these
findings,
demonstrating
highest
contribution
thalamic
connectivity,
especially
later
age
youth,
formation
key
characteristics
mature
brain,
such
as
gradient
hierarchy.
Our
study
highlights
developmentally
shifting
thalamus
orchestrating
complex
brain
organization
potential
implications
developmental
conditions
characterized
compromised
internal
external
processing.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: April 25, 2024
Abstract
Human
cortical
maturation
has
been
posited
to
be
organized
along
the
sensorimotor-association
axis,
a
hierarchical
axis
of
brain
organization
that
spans
from
unimodal
sensorimotor
cortices
transmodal
association
cortices.
Here,
we
investigate
hypothesis
development
functional
connectivity
during
childhood
through
adolescence
conforms
hierarchy
defined
by
axis.
We
tested
this
pre-registered
in
four
large-scale,
independent
datasets
(total
n
=
3355;
ages
5–23
years):
Philadelphia
Neurodevelopmental
Cohort
(
1207),
Nathan
Kline
Institute-Rockland
Sample
397),
Connectome
Project:
Development
625),
and
Healthy
Brain
Network
1126).
Across
datasets,
systematically
varied
Connectivity
regions
increased,
whereas
declined,
refining
reinforcing
hierarchy.
These
consistent
generalizable
results
establish
encodes
dominant
pattern
development.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
121(23)
Published: May 30, 2024
A
balanced
excitation-inhibition
ratio
(E/I
ratio)
is
critical
for
healthy
brain
function.
Normative
development
of
cortex-wide
E/I
remains
unknown.
Here,
we
noninvasively
estimate
a
putative
marker
whole-cortex
by
fitting
large-scale
biophysically
plausible
circuit
model
to
resting-state
functional
MRI
(fMRI)
data.
We
first
confirm
that
our
generates
realistic
dynamics
in
the
Human
Connectome
Project.
Next,
show
estimated
sensitive
gamma-aminobutyric
acid
(GABA)
agonist
benzodiazepine
alprazolam
during
fMRI.
Alprazolam-induced
changes
are
spatially
consistent
with
positron
emission
tomography
measurement
receptor
density.
then
investigate
relationship
between
and
neurodevelopment.
find
declines
heterogeneously
across
cerebral
cortex
youth,
greatest
reduction
occurring
sensorimotor
systems
relative
association
systems.
Importantly,
among
children
same
chronological
age,
lower
(especially
cortex)
linked
better
cognitive
performance.
This
result
replicated
North
American
(8.2
23.0
y
old)
Asian
(7.2
7.9
cohorts,
suggesting
more
mature
indexes
improved
cognition
normative
development.
Overall,
findings
open
door
studying
how
disrupted
trajectories
may
lead
dysfunction
psychopathology
emerges
youth.
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
66, P. 101370 - 101370
Published: April 1, 2024
Childhood
environments
are
critical
in
shaping
cognitive
neurodevelopment.
With
the
increasing
availability
of
large-scale
neuroimaging
datasets
with
deep
phenotyping
childhood
environments,
we
can
now
build
upon
prior
studies
that
have
considered
relationships
between
one
or
a
handful
environmental
and
features
at
time.
Here,
characterize
combined
effects
hundreds
inter-connected
co-occurring
child's
environment
("exposome")
investigate
associations
each
unique,
multidimensional
pattern
functional
brain
network
organization
("functional
topography")
cognition.
We
apply
data-driven
computational
models
to
measure
exposome
define
personalized
networks
pre-registered
analyses.
Across
matched
discovery
(n=5,139,
48.5%
female)
replication
(n=5,137,
47.1%
samples
from
Adolescent
Brain
Cognitive
Development
study,
was
associated
current
(ages
9-10)
future
11-12)
Changes
were
also
changes
cognition
after
accounting
for
baseline
scores.
Cross-validated
ridge
regressions
revealed
is
reflected
topography
predict
performance
across
domains.
Importantly,
single
capturing
could
more
accurately
parsimoniously
than
wealth
data,
highlighting
importance
children's
complex,
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: March 15, 2024
Abstract
Developmental
scientists
have
long
described
mid-adolescents’
emerging
capacities
to
make
deep
meaning
about
the
social
world
and
self,
here
called
transcendent
thinking,
as
a
hallmark
developmental
stage.
In
this
5-years
longitudinal
study,
sixty-five
14–18
years-old
youths’
proclivities
grapple
psychologically
with
ethical,
systems-level
personal
implications
of
stories,
predicted
future
increases
in
coordination
two
key
brain
networks:
default-mode
network,
involved
reflective,
autobiographical
free-form
executive
control
effortful,
focused
thinking;
findings
were
independent
IQ,
ethnicity,
socioeconomic
background.
This
neural
development
late-adolescent
identity
development,
which
young-adult
self-liking
relationship
satisfaction,
cascade.
The
reveal
novel
predictor
suggest
importance
attending
adolescents’
engage
agentically
complex
perspectives
emotions
on
relevance
issues,
such
through
civically
minded
educational
approaches.
PLoS Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(6), P. e3002647 - e3002647
Published: June 20, 2024
The
human
brain
is
organized
as
segregation
and
integration
units
follows
complex
developmental
trajectories
throughout
life.
cortical
manifold
provides
a
new
means
of
studying
the
brain’s
organization
in
multidimensional
connectivity
gradient
space.
However,
how
morphometric
changes
across
lifespan
remains
unclear.
Here,
leveraging
structural
magnetic
resonance
imaging
scans
from
1,790
healthy
individuals
aged
8
to
89
years,
we
investigated
age-related
global,
within-
between-network
dispersions
reveal
networks
3D
manifolds
based
on
similarity
network
(MSN),
combining
multiple
features
conceptualized
“fingerprint”
an
individual’s
brain.
Developmental
global
dispersion
unfolded
along
patterns
molecular
organization,
such
acetylcholine
receptor.
Communities
were
increasingly
dispersed
with
age,
reflecting
more
disassortative
profiles
within
community.
Increasing
within-network
primary
motor
association
cortices
mediated
influence
age
cognitive
flexibility
executive
functions.
We
also
found
that
secondary
sensory
decreasingly
rest
during
aging,
possibly
indicating
shift
extreme
central
position
manifolds.
Together,
our
results
MSN
perspective
space,
providing
insights
into
brain,
well
performance.
PNAS Nexus,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
3(9)
Published: Sept. 1, 2024
Abstract
Socioeconomic
resources
(SER)
calibrate
the
developing
brain
to
current
context,
which
can
confer
or
attenuate
risk
for
psychopathology
across
lifespan.
Recent
multivariate
work
indicates
that
SER
levels
powerfully
relate
intrinsic
functional
connectivity
patterns
entire
brain.
Nevertheless,
neuroscientific
meaning
of
these
widespread
neural
differences
remains
poorly
understood,
despite
its
translational
promise
early
identification,
targeted
intervention,
and
policy
reform.
In
present
study,
we
leverage
graph
theory
precisely
characterize
univariate
associations
between
household
neighborhood
contexts
architecture
regions
in
5,821
youth
(9–10
years)
from
Adolescent
Brain
Cognitive
Development
Study.
First,
establish
decomposing
into
profiles
integration
segregation
captures
more
than
half
association
with
greater
parsimony
(100-fold
reduction
number
features)
interpretability.
Second,
show
topological
effects
are
not
uniform
brain;
rather,
higher
associated
somatomotor
subcortical
systems,
but
default
mode,
orbitofrontal,
cerebellar
systems.
Finally,
demonstrate
spatially
patterned
along
unimodal–transmodal
gradient
organization.
These
findings
provide
critical
interpretive
context
established
This
study
highlights
both
higher-order
networks
differentially
implicated
environmental
stress,
disadvantage,
opportunity
youth.