Recent developments in immunotherapy for gastrointestinal tract cancers

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

The past few decades have witnessed the rise of immunotherapy for Gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancers. role immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), particularly programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) and PD ligand-1 antibodies, has become increasingly pivotal in treatment advanced perioperative GI Currently, anti-PD-1 plus chemotherapy is considered as first-line regimen unselected gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (G/GEJC), mismatch repair deficient (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC), esophageal (EC). In addition, encouraging performance claudin18.2-redirected chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy later-line cancers brings new hope cell solid tumour treatment. Nevertheless, remains yet precise, researchers are dedicated to further maximising optimising efficacy. This review summarises important research, latest progress, future directions including EC, G/GEJC, CRC.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic reprogramming and therapeutic resistance in primary and metastatic breast cancer

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Nov. 21, 2024

Metabolic alterations, a hallmark of cancer, enable tumor cells to adapt their environment by modulating glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, which fuels rapid growth contributes treatment resistance. In primary breast metabolic shifts such as the Warburg effect enhanced lipid synthesis are closely linked chemotherapy failure. Similarly, metastatic lesions often display distinct profiles that not only sustain but also confer resistance targeted therapies immunotherapies. The review emphasizes two major aspects: mechanisms driving in both how unique environments sites further complicate treatment. By targeting vulnerabilities at stages, new strategies could improve efficacy existing provide better outcomes for cancer patients.

Language: Английский

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The roles of m6A methylation in cervical cancer: functions, molecular mechanisms, and clinical applications

Cell Death and Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(11)

Published: Nov. 11, 2023

Abstract Cervical cancer (CC) is a gynecological neoplasm with the highest incidence rate, primarily attributed to persistent infection of high-risk Human papillomavirus (HPV). Despite extensive research, pathogenesis CC remains unclear. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, most prevalent form epigenetic modification in RNA, intricately linked cell proliferation, metastasis, metabolism, and therapeutic resistance within tumor microenvironment (TME) CC. The involvement writer, reader, eraser m6A impacts advancement tumors through regulation RNA stability, nuclear export, translation efficiency, degradation. Here, we discuss biogenesis m6A, atypical expressions regulators, mechanisms molecular interactions, their functions Furthermore, elucidate non-coding RNA. In context precision medicine, advancements genomics, proteomics, high-throughput sequencing technologies, summarize application clinical diagnosis treatment Additionally, new perspectives on detection methods, immune regulation, nano-drug development are presented, which lay foundation for further research provide ideas

Language: Английский

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The enzymes of serine synthesis pathway in cancer metastasis

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1871(4), P. 119697 - 119697

Published: Feb. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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Recreating metabolic interactions of the tumour microenvironment

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(6), P. 518 - 532

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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Metabolic interplays between the tumour and the host shape the tumour macroenvironment

Nature reviews. Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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Tumor-derived exosomes: unravelling the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer with liver metastases and exploring the potential for clinical translation

Cancer Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 611, P. 217403 - 217403

Published: Dec. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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Investigating the potential of oncolytic viruses for cancer treatment via MSC delivery

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Sept. 4, 2023

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted considerable interest as a promising approach for cancer treatment due to their ability undergo tumor-trophic migration. MSCs possess the unique selectively migrate tumors, making them an excellent candidate targeted delivery of oncolytic viruses (OVs) treat isolated tumors and metastatic malignancies. OVs attention potential infect destroy tumor while sparing normal cells. In addition, can induce immunogenic cell death contain curative transgenes in genome, attractive combination with immunotherapies. MSCs, modulate microenvironment trigger anti-tumor immune responses, MSC-releasing treatment. This study reviews researches on use MSC-released novel method treating cancer. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Metabolic reprogramming, autophagy, and ferroptosis: Novel arsenals to overcome immunotherapy resistance in gastrointestinal cancer

Cancer Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(21), P. 20573 - 20589

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Abstract Background Gastrointestinal cancer poses a serious health threat owing to its high morbidity and mortality. Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies have achieved meaningful success in most solid tumors, the improvement survival gastrointestinal cancers is modest, sparse response widespread resistance. Metabolic reprogramming, autophagy, ferroptosis are key regulators of tumor progression. Methods A literature review was conducted investigate role metabolic immunotherapy resistance cancer. Results play pivotal roles regulating survival, differentiation, function cells within microenvironment. These processes redefine nutrient allocation blueprint between cells, facilitating evasion, which critically impacts therapeutic efficacy for cancers. Additionally, there exists profound crosstalk among ferroptosis. interactions paramount anti‐tumor immunity, further promoting formation an immunosuppressive microenvironment immunotherapy. Conclusions Consequently, it imperative conduct comprehensive research on This understanding will illuminate clinical potential targeting these pathways their regulatory mechanisms overcome

Language: Английский

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Metabolic vulnerability of cancer stem cells and their niche

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 10, 2024

Cancer stem cells (CSC) are the leading cause of failure anti-tumor treatments. These aggressive cancer preserved and sustained by adjacent forming a specialized microenvironment, termed niche, among which tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) critical players. The cycle tricarboxylic acids, fatty acid oxidation path, electron transport chain have been proven to play central roles in development maintenance CSCs TAMs. By improving their oxidative metabolism, able extract more energy from nutrients, allows them survive nutritionally defective environments. Because mitochondria crucial bioenergetic hubs sites these metabolic pathways, major hopes posed for drugs targeting mitochondria. A wide range medications mitochondria, complexes, or enzymes currently investigated phase 1 2 clinical trials against hard-to-treat tumors. This review article aims highlight recent literature on adaptations supporting macrophages. focus is provided resistance dormancy behaviors that give selection advantage quiescence capacity particularly hostile microenvironments role TAMs attitudes. also describes medicaments demonstrated robust ability disrupt core metabolism preclinical studies being tested trials.

Language: Английский

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