Wastewater monitoring can anchor global disease surveillance systems

The Lancet Global Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. e976 - e981

Published: May 17, 2023

To inform the development of global wastewater monitoring systems, we surveyed programmes in 43 countries. Most monitored predominantly urban populations. In high-income countries (HICs), composite sampling at centralised treatment plants was most common, whereas grab from surface waters, open drains, and pit latrines more typical low-income middle-income (LMICs). Almost all analysed samples in-country, with an average processing time 2·3 days HICs 4·5 LMICs. Whereas 59% regularly for SARS-CoV-2 variants, only 13% LMICs did so. share their data internally, partnering organisations, but not publicly. Our findings show richness existing ecosystem. With additional leadership, funding, implementation frameworks, thousands individual initiatives can coalesce into integrated, sustainable network disease surveillance-one that minimises risk overlooking future health threats.

Language: Английский

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Wastewater-based surveillance as a tool for public health action: SARS-CoV-2 and beyond

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37(1)

Published: Dec. 14, 2023

SUMMARY Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) has undergone dramatic advancement in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The power and potential this platform technology were rapidly realized when it became evident that not only did WBS-measured SARS-CoV-2 RNA correlate strongly with COVID-19 clinical within monitored populations but also, fact, functioned as a leading indicator. Teams from across globe innovated novel approaches by which wastewater could be collected diverse sewersheds ranging treatment plants (enabling community-level surveillance) to more granular locations including individual neighborhoods high-risk buildings such long-term care facilities (LTCF). Efficient processes enabled extraction concentration highly dilute matrix. Molecular genomic tools identify, quantify, characterize its various variants adapted programs applied these mixed environmental systems. Novel data-sharing allowed information mobilized made immediately available public health government decision-makers even public, enabling evidence-informed decision-making based on local dynamics. WBS since been recognized tool transformative potential, providing near-real-time cost-effective, objective, comprehensive, inclusive data changing prevalence measured analytes space time populations. However, consequence rapid innovation hundreds teams simultaneously, tremendous heterogeneity currently exists literature. This manuscript provides state-of-the-art review established details current work underway expanding scope other infectious targets.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of plasmid pBI143 for its optimal concentration methods, seasonal impact, and potential as a normalization parameter in wastewater-based epidemiology

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 965, P. 178661 - 178661

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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A multistate assessment of population normalization factors for wastewater-based epidemiology of COVID-19

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. e0284370 - e0284370

Published: April 12, 2023

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has become a valuable tool for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 infection trends throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Population biomarkers that measure relative human fecal contribution to normalize wastewater concentrations are needed improved analysis and interpretation of community trends. The Centers Disease Control Prevention National Wastewater Surveillance System (CDC NWSS) recommends using flow rate or indicators as population normalization factors. However, there is no consensus on which factor performs best. In this study, we provided first multistate assessment effects (crAssphage, F+ Coliphage, PMMoV) correlation cases CDC NWSS dataset 182 communities across six U.S. states. Flow normalized produced strongest with cases. from three were significantly lower than rate. Additionally, reverse transcription droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (RT-ddPCR) values over samples analyzed real-time quantitative (rRT-qPCR). Our shows utilizing RT-ddPCR generate between

Language: Английский

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Wastewater analysis of Mpox virus in a city with low prevalence of Mpox disease: an environmental surveillance study

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28, P. 100639 - 100639

Published: Nov. 24, 2023

Tracking infectious diseases at the community level is challenging due to asymptomatic infections and logistical complexities of mass surveillance. Wastewater surveillance has emerged as a valuable tool for monitoring disease agents including SARS-CoV-2 Mpox virus. However, detecting virus in wastewater particularly its relatively low prevalence community. In this study, we aim characterize three molecular assays tracking from El Paso, Texas, during February March 2023.

Language: Английский

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Critical Needs for Integrated Surveillance: Wastewater-Based and Clinical Epidemiology in Evolving Scenarios with Lessons Learned from SARS-CoV-2

Food and Environmental Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 38 - 49

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Abstract During the COVID-19 pandemic, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) and clinical surveillance have been used as tools for analyzing circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in community, but both approaches can be strongly influenced by some sources variability. From challenging perspective integrating environmental data, we performed a correlation analysis between concentrations raw sewage incident cases areas served medium-size wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) from 2021 to 2023. To this aim, datasets were adjusted several variability: WBE data factors including analytical protocol, flow, population size, while adjustments considered demographic composition population. Then, addressed impact on differences among sewerage networks variations frequency type swab tests due changes political regulatory scenarios. Wastewater significantly correlated when restrictive containment measures limited movements effect ( ρ = 0.50) confirmed exclusively through molecular testing 0.49). Moreover, positive (although weak) arose WWTPs located densely populated 0.37) with shorter lengths 0.28). This study provides methodological interpreting which could also useful other infections. Data evaluation possible bias need carefully integrated

Language: Английский

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Current state and future perspectives on de facto population markers for normalization in wastewater-based epidemiology: A systematic literature review

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 935, P. 173223 - 173223

Published: May 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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A Novel Tiled Amplicon Sequencing Assay Targeting the Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus (ToBRFV) Genome Reveals Widespread Distribution in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Systems in the Province of Ontario, Canada

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 460 - 460

Published: March 17, 2024

Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus (ToBRFV) is a plant pathogen that infects important Solanaceae crop species and can dramatically reduce tomato yields. The ToBRFV has rapidly spread around the globe due to its ability escape detection by antiviral host genes which confer resistance other tobamoviruses in plants. development of robust reproducible methods for detecting viruses environment aids tracking reduction transmission. We detected municipal wastewater influent (WWI) samples, likely presence human waste, demonstrating widespread distribution WWI throughout Ontario, Canada. To aid global surveillance efforts, we developed tiled amplicon approach sequence track evolution genomes WWI. Our assay recovers 95.7% 6393 bp RefSeq genome, omitting terminal 5′ 3′ ends. demonstrate our sequencing robust, sensitive, highly specific method recovering genomes. was using existing ARTIC Network resources, including primer design, library prep, read analysis. Additionally, adapted lineage abundance estimation tool, Alcov, estimate clades samples.

Language: Английский

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The Inhibition and Variability of Two Different RT-qPCR Assays Used for Quantifying SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater

Food and Environmental Virology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 71 - 81

Published: Feb. 15, 2023

Faecal shedding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its subsequent detection in wastewater turned the spotlight onto wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) for monitoring coronavirus-disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. WBE SARS-CoV-2 has been deployed 70 countries, providing insights into disease prevalence, forecasting spatiotemporal tracking emergence variants. Wastewater, however, is a complex sample matrix containing numerous reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) inhibitors whose concentration diversity are influenced by factors including population size, surrounding industry agriculture climate. Such differences RT-qPCR inhibitor profile likely to impact quality data produced potentially produce erroneous results.To help determine possible assay on quality, two assays employed different laboratories within UK's programme were assessed Cefas laboratory Weymouth, UK. The based Fast Virus (FV) qScript (qS) chemistries using same primers probes, but at concentrations under cycling conditions. Bovine serum albumin MgSO4 also added FV reaction mixture. Two-hundred eighty-six samples analysed, an external control RNA (EC RNA)-based method was used measure inhibition. Compared with qS, showed 40.5% reduction mean inhibition 57.0% inter-sample variability. A 4.1-fold increase quantification seen relative qS; partially due (1.5-fold) efficiency use dsDNA standard. Analytical variability reduced 51.2% while qS increased number negative 2.6-fold. This study indicates importance thorough optimisation RT-qPCR-based which should be performed selection representative physiochemical properties wastewater. Furthermore, inhibition, analytical key considerations during optimisation. standardised framework validation procedures formed concessions emergency response situations that would allow flexibility process address difficult balance between urgency availability resources.

Language: Английский

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Assessment of seasonality and normalization techniques for wastewater-based surveillance in Ontario, Canada

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Aug. 30, 2023

Introduction Wastewater-based surveillance is at the forefront of monitoring for community prevalence COVID-19, however, continued uncertainty exists regarding use fecal indicators normalization SARS-CoV-2 virus in wastewater. Using three communities Ontario, sampled from 2021–2023, seasonality a viral indicator (pepper mild mottle virus, PMMoV) and utility data to improve correlations with clinical cases was examined. Methods Wastewater samples Warden, Humber Air Management Facility (AMF), Kitchener were analyzed SARS-CoV-2, PMMoV, crAssphage. The PMMoV flow rates examined compared by Season-Trend-Loess decomposition analysis. effects using crAssphage, comparing episode date (CBED) during 2021. Results Seasonal analysis demonstrated that had similar trends AMF peaks January April 2022 low concentrations (troughs) summer months. Warden but more sporadic between troughs concentrations. Flow not correlated very weak ( r = 0.12). Despite differences among sewersheds, unnormalized (raw N1–N2) concentration wastewater n 99–191) strongly CBED 0.620–0.854) Additionally, did significantly reduced Kitchener. crAssphage 29–57) all sites different raw N1–N2 CBED. Discussion Differences seasonal biomarkers caused sewershed characteristics (flow, input, etc.) may play role determining how effective be improving (or not). This study highlights importance assessing influence on normalized or other viruses concern. Fecal used normalize target interest help hinder establishing outcomes wastewater-based needs considered carefully across seasons sites.

Language: Английский

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