Unmasking the potential of secretory IgA and its pivotal role in protection from respiratory viruses

Antiviral Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 223, P. 105823 - 105823

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases: global trends and new strategies for their prevention and control

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Sept. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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Alterations in microbiota of patients with COVID‐19: implications for therapeutic interventions

MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(4)

Published: March 15, 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) recently caused a global pandemic, resulting in more than 702 million people being infected and over 6.9 deaths. Patients with disease (COVID-19) may suffer from diarrhea, sleep disorders, depression, even cognitive impairment, which is associated long COVID during recovery. However, there remains no consensus on effective treatment methods. Studies have found that patients COVID-19 alterations microbiota their metabolites, particularly the gut, be involved regulation of immune responses. Consumption probiotics alleviate discomfort by inflammation oxidative stress. pathophysiological process underlying alleviation COVID-19-related symptoms complications targeting unclear. In current study, we summarize latest research evidence together SARS-CoV-2 vaccine use, focus relationship between use. This work provides probiotic-based interventions improve regulating gut systemic immunity. Probiotics also used as adjuvants to efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Intranasal SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant vaccines elicit humoral and cellular mucosal immunity in female mice

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 105, P. 105185 - 105185

Published: June 7, 2024

In order to prevent the emergence and spread of future variants concern severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), developing vaccines capable stopping transmission is crucial. The SARS-CoV-2 vaccine NDV-HXP-S can be administered live intranasally (IN) thus induce protective immunity in upper tract. based on Newcastle disease virus (NDV) expressing a stabilised spike protein. produced as influenza at low cost embryonated chicken eggs.

Language: Английский

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Guillain–Barre syndrome and link with COVID-19 infection and vaccination: a review of literature

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: June 5, 2024

Background Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disease associated with significant morbidity. A wide variety of infectious and non-infectious triggers have been identified to be GBS. COVID-19 has gained attention in recent years for its role GBS pathogenesis. Our study aims review the literature on epidemiological pathophysiological association COVID-19. Description Recent infections, such as case reports, series, systematic reviews, large-scale studies, were reviewed. We also reviewed studies that included vaccines against Studies focused understanding pathobiology agents including Conclusion Despite a lack consensus, strongly infection. The exact mechanism regarding causative agent unknown. Mechanisms, proinflammatory state, triggering autoimmunity, direct viral invasion, are postulated remain investigated. Adenovirus vector most likely GBS, consensual reports clearly suggest mRNA low risk may protective by reducing

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: The Advantage of Mucosal Vaccine Delivery and Local Immunity

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 795 - 795

Published: July 18, 2024

Immunity against respiratory pathogens is often short-term, and, consequently, there an unmet need for the effective prevention of such infections. One infectious disease coronavirus 19 (COVID-19), which caused by novel Beta SARS-CoV-2 that emerged around end 2019. The World Health Organization declared illness a pandemic on 11 March 2020, and since then it has killed or sickened millions people globally. development COVID-19 systemic vaccines, impressively led to significant reduction in severity, hospitalization, mortality, contained pandemic’s expansion. However, these vaccines have not been able stop virus from spreading because restricted mucosal immunity. As result, breakthrough infections frequently occurred, new strains emerging. Furthermore, will likely continue circulate like influenza virus, co-exist with humans. upper tract nasal cavity are primary sites infection thus, mucosal/nasal vaccination induce response virus’ transmission warranted. In this review, we present status both approved those under evaluation clinical trials. our approach B-cell peptide-based applied prime-boost schedule elicit

Language: Английский

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Secretory IgA and course of COVID-19 in patients receiving a bacteria-based immunostimulant agent in addition to background therapy

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 15, 2024

Abstract Mucosal immunity plays a major role not only in the prevention but probably also outcomes of COVID-19. An enhanced production secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) might contribute to activation immune response mechanisms. To assess levels sIgA produced by epithelial cells nasal and pharyngeal mucosa those measured salivary gland secretions study course COVID-19 following combined scheme intranasal subcutaneous administration bacteria-based immunostimulant agent. This included 69 patients, aged between 18 60, who had moderate infection. They were divided into two groups: Group 1 (control group) 39 patients received background therapy, 2 was made up 30 therapy combination with Immunovac VP4 vaccine, agent, which given for 11 days starting from day admission hospital. The ELISA epithelial, swabs, at baseline on 14 30. vaccine complex is accompanied increased synthesis more intense decrease level C-reactive protein (CRP) reduction duration fever length hospitalization compared control group. Prescribing agent containing bacterial ligands helps enhance mucosal improves disease.

Language: Английский

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Nanocarrier vaccines for respiratory infections

Trends in Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Truncated NS1 Influenza A Virus Induces a Robust Antigen-Specific Tissue-Resident T-Cell Response and Promotes Inducible Bronchus-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Formation in Mice

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 58 - 58

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Influenza viruses with truncated NS1 proteins show promise as viral vectors and candidates for mucosal universal influenza vaccines. These mutant viruses, which lack the N-terminal half of protein (124 a.a.), are unable to antagonise innate immune response. This creates a self-adjuvant effect enhancing heterologous protection by inducing robust CD8+ T-cell response together immunoregulatory mechanisms. However, effects modifications on T-follicular helper (Tfh) B-cell responses remain less understood. C57bl/6 mice were immunised intranasally 10 μL either an virus containing (PR8/NS124), cold-adapted full-length (caPR8/NSfull), or wild-type (PR8/NSfull). Immune assessed days 8 28 post-immunisation flow cytometry, ELISA, HAI assay. In this study, we demonstrate that intranasal immunisation PR8/NS124 significantly increases tissue-resident CD4+ T cells in lungs activates Tfh regional lymph nodes early day post-immunisation. not observed caPR8/NSfull PR8/NSfull. Notably, also leads development inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT) 28, characterised presence antigen-specific GL7+Fas+ germinal centre B cells. Our findings further underscore potential NS1-truncated drive enhance vaccine efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Next-Generation Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccines

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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