Acta Neuropsychiatrica,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
37
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Abstract
Objective:
Accelerated
ageing
indexed
by
telomere
attrition
is
suggested
in
schizophrenia
spectrum-
(SCZ)
and
bipolar
disorders
(BD).
While
inflammation
may
promote
shortening,
few
studies
have
investigated
the
association
between
length
(TL)
markers
of
immune
activation
severe
mental
disorders.
Methods:
Leucocyte
TL
defined
as
template/amount
single-copy
gene
template
(T/S
ratio),
was
determined
participants
with
SCZ
(
N
=
301)
or
BD
211)
a
healthy
control
group
(HC,
378).
analysed
linear
regressions
for
associations
levels
12
linked
to
BD.
Adjustments
were
made
broad
range
potential
confounding
variables.
measured
quantitative
polymerase
chain
reaction
(qPCR)
enzyme
immunoassays.
Results:
A
positive
soluble
tumour
necrosis
factor
receptor
1A
(sTNF-R1)
β
0.191,
p
0.012)
observed.
Plasma
other
not
significantly
associated
BD,
HC
groups.
Conclusion:
There
limited
evidence
The
results
provide
little
support
involvement
dysregulation,
reflected
current
systemic
markers,
attrition-related
accelerated
Schizophrenia Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
266, P. 24 - 31
Published: Feb. 15, 2024
There
is
increasing
evidence
of
immune
dysregulation
and
neuroinflammation
occurring
in
schizophrenia.
The
aim
this
study
to
combine
studies
on
routine
CSF
parameters,
as
well
cytokines
inflammatory
proteins,
individuals
with
schizophrenia
spectrum
disorders.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
18
Published: March 6, 2024
Multiple
lines
of
evidence
implicate
increased
neuroinflammation
mediated
by
glial
cells
to
play
a
key
role
in
neurodevelopmental
disorders
such
as
schizophrenia.
Microglia,
which
are
the
primary
innate
immune
brain,
crucial
for
refinement
synaptic
circuitry
during
early
brain
development
pruning
and
regulation
plasticity
adulthood.
Schizophrenia
risk
factors
genetics
or
environmental
influences
may
further
be
linked
activation
microglia,
an
increase
pro-inflammatory
cytokine
levels
inflammasome
resulting
overall
elevated
neuroinflammatory
state
patients.
Synaptic
loss,
one
central
pathological
hallmarks
schizophrenia,
is
believed
due
excess
removal
synapses
activated
primarily
affecting
glutamatergic
neurons.
Therefore,
it
investigate
microglia-neuron
interactions,
has
been
done
multiple
studies
focusing
on
post-mortem
tissues,
imaging,
animal
models
patient
iPSC-derived
2D
culture
systems.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
major
findings
patients
vivo
vitro
context
neuron-microglia
interactions
schizophrenia
secondly
discuss
potential
anti-inflammatory
treatments
alleviation
positive,
negative,
cognitive
symptoms.
Molecular Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
29(9), P. 2834 - 2848
Published: March 26, 2024
Immunopsychiatric
field
has
rapidly
accumulated
evidence
demonstrating
the
involvement
of
both
innate
and
adaptive
immune
components
in
psychotic
disorders
such
as
schizophrenia.
Nevertheless,
researchers
are
facing
dilemmas
discrepant
findings
immunophenotypes
outside
inside
brains
patients,
discovered
by
recent
meta-analyses.
These
discrepancies
make
interpretations
interrogations
on
their
roles
psychosis
remain
vague
even
controversial,
regarding
whether
certain
cells
more
activated
or
less
so,
they
causal
consequential,
beneficial
harmful
for
psychosis.
Addressing
these
issues
is
not
at
all
trivial,
either
brain
an
enormously
heterogeneous
plastic
cell
population,
falling
into
a
vast
range
lineages
subgroups,
functioning
differently
malleably
context-dependent
manners.
This
review
aims
to
overview
currently
known
patients
with
psychosis,
provocatively
suggest
premature
"burnout"
inflamm-aging
initiated
since
organ
development
potential
primary
mechanism
behind
pathogenesis
disorders.
Annual Review of Clinical Psychology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
20(1), P. 229 - 257
Published: July 12, 2024
Evidence
from
epidemiological,
clinical,
and
biological
research
resulted
in
the
immune
hypothesis:
hypothesis
that
system
dysfunction
is
involved
pathophysiology
of
schizophrenia
spectrum
disorders
(SSD).
The
promising
implication
this
potential
to
use
existing
immunomodulatory
treatment
for
innovative
interventions
SSD.
Here,
we
provide
a
selective
historical
review
important
discoveries
have
shaped
our
understanding
We
first
explain
basic
principles
dysfunction,
after
which
travel
more
than
century
back
time.
Starting
journey
with
neurosyphilis-associated
psychosis
nineteenth
century,
continue
by
evaluating
role
infections
autoimmunity
SSD
findings
assessment
function
using
new
techniques,
such
as
cytokine
levels,
microglia
density,
neuroimaging,
gene
expression.
Drawing
these
findings,
discuss
anti-inflammatory
SSD,
conclude
look
into
future.
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
289, P. 117658 - 117658
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
The
causal
relationship
between
PM2.5
(particulate
matter
with
an
aerodynamic
diameter
≤2.5
μm)
and
common
mental
disorders,
along
its
neuropathological
mechanisms,
remains
unclear.
We
used
genome-wide
association
study
datasets
from
the
UK
Biobank
Psychiatric
Genomics
Consortium
to
systematically
investigate
nine
psychiatric
disorders
using
two-sample
Mendelian
randomization
(TSMR)
methods.
Subsequently,
we
two-step
MR
mediating
effect
of
108
potential
mediators
in
disorders.
Our
findings
indicated
that
was
positively
associated
major
depressive
disorder
(odds
ratio
(OR):
1.33,
95
%
confidence
interval
(CI):
1.11-1.55),
anxiety
(OR:
2.96,
CI:
2.13-3.79),
schizophrenia
1.55,
1.29-1.81),
attention
deficit
hyperactivity
(ADHD)
1.95,
1.66-2.24).
Unexpectedly,
inversely
bipolar
0.65,
0.37-0.93).
Additionally,
not
significantly
autism
spectrum
1.24,
0.83-1.65),
post-traumatic
stress
1.51,
1.11-1.91),
obsessive-compulsive
0.81,
-0.07-1.69),
or
anorexia
nervosa
1.42,
0.86-1.98).
Further
analysis
revealed
Neurotrophin-3
mediated
9.86
PM2.5-ADHD
5.88
PM2.5-schizophrenia
association.
Sensitivity
analyses
supported
these
findings.
This
TSMR
provides
a
comprehensive
examination
exposure
mediation
offering
insight
into
underlying
mechanisms.
aims
raise
public
awareness
how
air
quality
affects
health
through
empirical
evidence.
Brain Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(5), P. 836 - 836
Published: May 22, 2023
Multiple
lines
of
evidence
are
known
to
confirm
the
pro-inflammatory
state
some
patients
with
schizophrenia
and
involvement
inflammatory
mechanisms
in
pathogenesis
psychosis.
The
concentration
peripheral
biomarkers
is
associated
severity
inflammation
can
be
used
for
patient
stratification.
Here,
we
analyzed
changes
serum
concentrations
cytokines
(IL-1β,
IL-2,
IL-4,
IL-6,
IL-10,
IL-21,
APRIL,
BAFF,
PBEF/Visfatin,
IFN-α,
TNF-α)
growth/neurotrophic
factors
(GM-CSF,
NRG1-β1,
NGF-β,
GDNF)
an
exacerbation
phase.
IL-1β,
GM-CSF,
GDNF
increased
but
TNF-α
NGF-β
decreased
compared
healthy
individuals.
Subgroup
analysis
revealed
effect
sex,
prevalent
symptoms,
type
antipsychotic
therapy
on
biomarker
levels.
Females,
predominantly
negative
those
taking
atypical
antipsychotics
had
a
more
phenotype.
Using
cluster
analysis,
classified
participants
into
"high"
"low
inflammation"
subgroups.
However,
no
differences
were
found
clinical
data
these
Nevertheless,
(17%
25.5%)
than
donors
(8.6%
14.3%)
condition
depending
clustering
approach
used.
Such
may
benefit
from
personalized
anti-inflammatory
therapy.
