Chemical Physics Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
5(4)
Published: Dec. 1, 2024
Metal
nanoclusters
(NCs)
composed
of
metal
atoms
and
ligands
show
promise
as
electrochemiluminescent
(ECL)
materials
due
to
their
optical
electrochemical
properties.
This
review
provides
a
comprehensive
overview
the
ECL
mechanisms,
advantages,
roles
NCs
luminophores,
catalysts,
quenchers,
substrates,
carriers.
Insights
into
factors
that
influence
in
will
lay
foundation
for
future
research.
In
addition,
applications
metallic
NC-based
detection
platforms
are
summarized,
potential
research
directions
presented.
Molecules,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
30(3), P. 746 - 746
Published: Feb. 6, 2025
Homogeneous
aptasensors
that
eliminate
the
need
for
probe
labeling
or
immobilization
hold
significant
potential
rapid
detection
of
tumor
biomarkers.
Herein,
a
homogeneous
aptasensor
with
electrochemical
(EC)
and
electrochemiluminescence
(ECL)
dual
channels
was
developed
by
integrating
nanochannel-based
enrichment
DNase
I
cleavage
selective
biomarker,
carbohydrate
antigen
125
(CA125).
A
two-dimensional
(2D)
composite
prepared
assembling
CA125-specific
aptamer
cationic
tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)Ru(II)
(Ru(bpy)32+),
which
exhibited
both
EC
ECL
properties,
onto
graphene
oxide
(GO)
nanosheets
(Ru(bpy)32+/Apt@GO).
vertically
ordered
mesoporous
silica
film
(VMSF)
ultrasmall,
uniform,
aligned
nanochannel
arrays
rapidly
grown
on
inexpensive
disposable
indium
tin
(ITO)
electrode,
forming
interface.
Due
to
size
exclusion
effect
ultrasmall
nanochannels
in
VMSF,
Ru(bpy)32+/Apt@GO
unable
penetrate
nanochannels,
resulting
no
detectable
Ru(bpy)32+
signal
electrode.
Upon
specific
recognition
CA125
aptamer,
an
aptamer-CA125
complex
formed
subsequently
detached
from
GO.
then
cleaved
complex,
releasing
allowing
dissociate
into
solution.
This
enzymatic
enabled
re-enter
binding
cycle,
amplifying
release
The
electrostatic
adsorption
VMSF
significantly
enhanced
signals.
constructed
linear
range
0.1
U/mL
100
ng/mL,
limit
(LOD)
91
mU/mL.
For
detection,
detected
over
0.001
U/mL,
LOD
as
low
0.4
demonstrated
excellent
selectivity
successfully
applied
dual-mode
EC/ECL
fetal
bovine
serum
samples.
Analytical Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
95(10), P. 4795 - 4802
Published: March 3, 2023
Simultaneous
detection
of
different
disease
markers
is
significant
for
clinical
diagnosis.
In
this
work,
a
dual-signal
electrochemiluminescence
(ECL)
immunosensor
was
constructed
the
simultaneous
carbohydrate
antigen
125
(CA125)
and
human
epithelial
protein
4
(HE4)
ovarian
cancer.
The
results
showed
that
Eu
metal–organic
framework-loaded
isoluminol–Au
nanoparticles
(Eu
MOF@Isolu–Au
NPs)
could
generate
strong
anodic
ECL
signal
through
synergistic
interaction;
as
cathodic
luminophore,
composite
carboxyl-functionalized
CdS
quantum
dots
N-doped
porous
carbon-anchored
Cu
single-atom
catalyst
catalyze
H2O2
co-reactant
to
produce
large
amount
•OH
O2•–,
making
signals
significantly
increase
become
stable.
Based
on
enhancement
strategy,
sandwich
cancer-associated
CA125
HE4
by
combining
antigen–antibody
specific
recognition
magnetic
separation
technique.
resulting
displayed
high
sensitivity,
wide
linear
response
range
0.005∼500
ng
mL–1,
low
limits
0.37
1.58
pg
mL–1
HE4,
respectively.
Furthermore,
it
had
excellent
selectivity,
stability,
practicability
in
real
serum
samples.
This
work
establishes
framework
in-depth
design
application
catalysis
sensing.
Analytical Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
94(45), P. 15896 - 15901
Published: Nov. 3, 2022
Exploration
of
a
novel
and
efficient
sensing
mechanism
Au
nanocluster
(AuNC)-based
electrochemiluminescence
(ECL)
sensors
is
still
great
challenge
opportunity
for
further
applications.
Herein,
we
proposed
that
the
electron
transfer
(ET)
could
be
used
as
regulation
factor
construction
an
ECL-sensing
platform
based
on
AuNC
probe.
As
proof-of-concept,
ECL
quenching
effect
Cu2+
pre-oxidation-treated
l-methionine-capped
AuNCs
(OM-AuNCs)
was
investigated
in
detail.
The
results
revealed
after
electrochemical
excitation
probe,
transferred
from
highest
occupied
molecular
orbital
(HOMO)
Met-Cu2+
to
OM-AuNCs,
along
with
ET
lowest-unoccupied
(LUMO)
OM-AuNCs
back
HOMO
Met-Cu2+,
leading
OM-AuNCs.
Since
intensity
sensitively
affected
by
process,
preferable
linear
dependence
obtained
concentration
range
1.0
×
10–18
10–14
M
high
selectivity.
More
importantly,
record
low
detection
limit
(LOD,
2.3
10–20
M)
at
single
copper
ion
level
has
been
realized
without
any
other
amplification
technique.
Furthermore,
actual
sample
exhibited
satisfactory
results.
Therefore,
this
study
enriches
ET-mediated
application
promotes
more
rational
design
sensors.
Analytical Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
95(29), P. 11106 - 11112
Published: July 11, 2023
Electrochemiluminescence
(ECL)
is
a
widely
used
light
output
mechanism
from
electrochemical
excitation.
Understanding
the
intrinsic
essence
for
ideal
ECL
generation
remains
fundamental
challenge.
Here,
based
on
molecular
orbital
theory,
we
reported
an
energy
level
engineering
strategy
to
regulate
performance
by
using
ligand-protected
gold
nanoclusters
(AuNCs)
as
luminophores
and
N,N-diisopropylethylamine
(DIPEA)
coreactant.
The
matching
between
AuNCs
DIPEA
effectively
promoted
their
electron
transfer
reactions,
thus
improving
excitation
efficiency
reducing
trigger
potential.
Simultaneously,
narrow
band
gap
of
further
enabled
enhanced
emission
efficiency.
Using
theory
developed
here,
dual-enhanced
was
proposed,
β-CD-AuNCs
were
designed
verify
this
mechanism.
β-CD-AuNCs/DIPEA
system
resulted
in
highly
stable
near-infrared
with
unprecedented
(145-fold
higher
than
that
classic
Ru(bpy)32+/tetra-n-butylammonium
perchlorate
system)
low
potential
0.48
V.
A
visual
NIR-ECL
successfully
realized
infrared
camera.
This
work
provides
original
mechanistic
understanding
designing
efficient
systems,
which
promises
be
harbinger
broad
applicability
other
systems
sensing
platforms.
Analytical Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
95(14), P. 5886 - 5893
Published: March 27, 2023
Gold
nanoclusters
(Au
NCs)
are
widely
used
as
fluorescent
probes
in
biomedical
sensing
and
imaging
due
to
their
versatile
optical
properties
low
cytotoxicity.
Surface
engineering
of
gold
aims
design
a
surface
with
physicochemical
performances,
but
previous
investigations
have
primarily
focused
on
the
acquisition
"brightest"
species.
This
has
resulted
other
types
Au
NC
being
neglected.
In
present
study,
our
group
prepared
series
NCs
that
were
rich
Au(0),
using
"aged"
form
bovine
serum
albumin
(BSA)
via
controlling
pH
during
synthesis.
We
found
slight
increases
alkalinity
synthesis
over
which
produced
most
intensive
photoluminescence
generated
"darkest"
NCs,
exhibited
strongest
absorption.
These
included
more
atoms
had
higher
Au(0)
content.
Furthermore,
addition
Au3+
quenched
emission
increased
NCs.
The
Au(I)
proportion
observed
Au3+-treated
novel
comproportionation-induced
enhancement
effect,
we
utilized
construct
"turn-on"
ratiometric
sensor
for
toxic
Au3+.
simultaneous,
opposite
effects
blue-emissive
diTyr
BSA
residues
red-emissive
After
optimization,
successfully
constructed
sensors
high
sensitivity,
selectivity,
accuracy.
study
will
inspire
new
pathway
redesign
protein-framed
analytical
methodology
comproportionation
chemistry.