Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 5211 - 5295

Published: March 9, 2023

Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and improve quality of life in the era digitalization big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible are developed overcome limitations conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement bench-side research over last decade, market adoption remains limited. To ease expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering maturation propose promising solutions. We first analyze achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications then summarize issues compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions powering connecting sensor networks. Issues en route commercialization sustainable growth sector also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns emphasizing nontechnical such as business, regulatory, ethical considerations. Additionally, look at future intelligent sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, hope steer efforts towards common goals guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner capitalized betterment humanity.

Language: Английский

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Materials-Driven Soft Wearable Bioelectronics for Connected Healthcare

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(2), P. 455 - 553

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

In the era of Internet-of-things, many things can stay connected; however, biological systems, including those necessary for human health, remain unable to connected global Internet due lack soft conformal biosensors. The fundamental challenge lies in fact that electronics and biology are distinct incompatible, as they based on different materials via functioning principles. particular, body is curvilinear, yet typically rigid planar. Recent advances design have generated tremendous opportunities wearable bioelectronics, which may bridge gap, enabling ultimate dream healthcare anyone, anytime, anywhere. We begin with a review historical development healthcare, indicating significant trend healthcare. This followed by focal point discussion about new design, particularly low-dimensional nanomaterials. summarize material types their attributes designing bioelectronic sensors; we also cover synthesis fabrication methods, top-down, bottom-up, combined approaches. Next, discuss energy challenges progress made date. addition front-end devices, describe back-end machine learning algorithms, artificial intelligence, telecommunication, software. Afterward, integration systems been applied various testbeds real-world settings, laboratories preclinical clinical environments. Finally, narrate remaining conjunction our perspectives.

Language: Английский

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Programmed microalgae-gel promotes chronic wound healing in diabetes

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 3, 2024

Abstract Chronic diabetic wounds are at lifelong risk of developing foot ulcers owing to severe hypoxia, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), a complex inflammatory microenvironment, and the potential for bacterial infection. Here we develop programmed treatment strategy employing live Haematococcus (HEA). By modulating light intensity, HEA can be perform variety functions, such as antibacterial activity, supply, ROS scavenging, immune regulation, suggesting its use in therapy. Under high intensity (658 nm, 0.5 W/cm 2 ), green (GHEA) with efficient photothermal conversion mediate wound surface disinfection. decreasing 0.1 photosynthetic system GHEA continuously produce oxygen, effectively resolving problems hypoxia promoting vascular regeneration. Continuous irradiation induces astaxanthin (AST) accumulation cells, resulting gradual transformation from red hue (RHEA). RHEA scavenges excess ROS, enhances expression intracellular antioxidant enzymes, directs polarization M2 macrophages by secreting AST vesicles via exosomes. The living hydrogel sterilize enhance cell proliferation migration promote neoangiogenesis, which could improve infected healing female mice.

Language: Английский

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How Softness Matters in Soft Nanogels and Nanogel Assemblies

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 122(13), P. 11675 - 11700

Published: June 7, 2022

Softness plays a key role in determining the macroscopic properties of colloidal systems, from synthetic nanogels to biological macromolecules, viruses star polymers. However, we are missing way quantify what term "softness" means nanoscience. Having quantitative parameters is fundamental compare different systems and understand consequences softness on are. Here, propose quantities that can be measured using scattering methods microscopy experiments. On basis these quantities, review recent literature micro- nanogels, i.e. cross-linked polymer networks swollen water, widely used model system for soft colloids. Applying our criteria, address question makes nanomaterial soft? We discuss introduce general criteria definitions an individual compressible colloid. This done terms energetic cost associated with deformation capability colloid isotropically deswell. Then, concentrated solutions colloids considered. New new parameters, which depend particle-to-particle interactions, introduced faceting interpenetration. The influence routes discussed. Concentrated considered results concerning phase behavior flow both three two dimensions, light defined. aim this look at more allow us explain reported differences softness. Furthermore, give researchers dealing define unambiguously matters their compound.

Language: Английский

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Stretchable Redox‐Active Semiconducting Polymers for High‐Performance Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(23)

Published: April 21, 2022

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) represent an emerging device platform for next-generation bioelectronics owing to the uniquely high amplification and sensitivity biological signals. For achieving seamless tissue-electronics interfaces accurate signal acquisition, skin-like softness stretchability are essential requirements, but they have not yet been imparted onto high-performance OECTs, largely due lack of stretchable redox-active semiconducting polymers. Here, a semiconductor is reported OECT devices, namely poly(2-(3,3'-bis(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)-[2,2'-bithiophen]-5)yl thiophene) (p(g2T-T)), which gives exceptional over 200% strain 5000 repeated stretching cycles, together with performance on par state-of-the-art. Validated by systematic characterizations comparisons different polymers, key design features this polymer that enable combination nonlinear backbone architecture, moderate side-chain density, sufficiently molecular weight. Using highly semiconductor, intrinsically fabricated normalized transconductance (≈223 S cm-1 ) biaxial up 100% strain. Furthermore, on-skin electrocardiogram (ECG) recording demonstrated, combines built-in unprecedented skin conformability.

Language: Английский

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Soft–Rigid Heterostructures with Functional Cation Vacancies for Fast‐Charging and High‐Capacity Sodium Storage

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(40)

Published: Aug. 2, 2023

Optimizing charge transfer and alleviating volume expansion in electrode materials are critical to maximize electrochemical performance for energy-storage systems. Herein, an atomically thin soft-rigid Co9 S8 @MoS2 core-shell heterostructure with dual cation vacancies at the atomic interface is constructed as a promising anode high-performance sodium-ion batteries. The involving VCo VMo soft MoS2 shell afford ionic pathways rapid transfer, well rigid core acting dominant active component resisting structural deformation during charge-discharge. Electrochemical testing theoretical calculations demonstrate both excellent Na+ -transfer kinetics pseudocapacitive behavior. Consequently, delivers extraordinary sodium-storage (389.7 mA h g-1 after 500 cycles 5.0 A ), superior those of single-phase counterparts: assembled Na3 V2 (PO4 )3 ||d-Co9 /S-Gr full cell achieves energy density 235.5 Wh kg-1 0.5 C. This finding opens up unique strategy broadens horizons material design storage conversion.

Language: Английский

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Revolutionizing biomedicine: advancements, applications, and prospects of nanocomposite macromolecular carbohydrate-based hydrogel biomaterials: a review

RSC Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(50), P. 35251 - 35291

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Nanocomposite hydrogel biomaterials represent an exciting frontier in biomedicine, offering solutions to longstanding challenges.

Language: Английский

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Overcoming the adhesion paradox and switchability conflict on rough surfaces with shape-memory polymers

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(13)

Published: March 20, 2023

Smart adhesives that can be applied and removed on demand play an important role in modern life manufacturing. However, current smart made of elastomers suffer from the long-standing challenges adhesion paradox (rapid decrease strength rough surfaces despite adhesive molecular interactions) switchability conflict (trade-off between easy detachment). Here, we report use shape-memory polymers (SMPs) to overcome surfaces. Utilizing rubbery–glassy phase transition SMPs, demonstrate, through mechanical testing mechanics modeling, conformal contact rubbery state followed by shape-locking effect glassy results so-called rubber-to-glass (R2G) (defined as making a certain indentation depth detachment state), with extraordinary (>1 MPa) proportional true surface area surface, overcoming classic paradox. Furthermore, upon transitioning back state, SMP detach easily due effect, leading simultaneous improvement (up 10 3 , defined ratio R2G its rubbery-state adhesion) roughness increases. The working principle model provide guidelines for developing stronger more switchable adaptable surfaces, thereby enhancing capabilities adhesives, impacting various fields such grippers climbing robots.

Language: Английский

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A strong quick-release biointerface in mussels mediated by serotonergic cilia-based adhesion

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 382(6672), P. 829 - 834

Published: Nov. 16, 2023

The mussel byssus stem provides a strong and compact mechanically mismatched biointerface between living tissue nonliving biopolymer. Yet, in poorly understood process, mussels can simply jettison their entire byssus, rebuilding new one just hours. We characterized the structure composition of using histology, confocal Raman mapping, phase contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography, advanced electron microscopy, revealing sophisticated junction consisting abiotic biopolymer sheets interdigitated extracellular matrix. sheet surfaces are intimate adhesive contact with billions motile epithelial cilia that control strength release through collective movement, which is regulated neurochemically. posit this may involve complex sensory pathway by sessile respond to environmental stresses relocate.

Language: Английский

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Establishing superfine nanofibrils for robust polyelectrolyte artificial spider silk and powerful artificial muscles

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 25, 2024

Spider silk exhibits an excellent combination of high strength and toughness, which originates from the hierarchical self-assembled structure spidroin during fiber spinning. In this work, superfine nanofibrils are established in polyelectrolyte artificial spider by optimizing flexibility polymer chains, breaking toughness ranging 1.83 GPa 238 MJ m

Language: Английский

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