Nanocarbons for Biology and Medicine: Sensing, Imaging, and Drug Delivery

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 119(16), P. 9559 - 9656

Published: July 9, 2019

Nanocarbons with different dimensions (e.g., 0D fullerenes and carbon nanodots, 1D nanotubes graphene nanoribbons, 2D oxides, 3D nanodiamonds) have attracted enormous interest for applications ranging from electronics, optoelectronics, photovoltaics to sensing, bioimaging, therapeutics due their unique physical chemical properties. Among them, nanocarbon-based theranostics (i.e., diagnostics) is one of the most intensively studied applications, as these nanocarbon materials serve excellent biosensors, versatile drug/gene carriers specific targeting in vivo, effective photothermal nanoagents cancer therapy, promising fluorescent nanolabels cell tissue imaging. This review provides a systematic overview latest theranostic comprehensive comparison characteristics influences on applications. We first introduce allotropes that can be used respective preparation surface functionalization approaches well Theranostic are described separately both vitro vivo systems by highlighting protocols biosystems, followed toxicity biodegradability implications. Finally, this outlines design considerations key unifying themes will foundational principle researchers study, investigate, generate effective, biocompatible, nontoxic materials-based models we summarize an outlook challenges novel using hard-to-treat cancers other diseases. intends present guideline nanotechnology biomedicine selection strategy according requirements.

Language: Английский

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Surface Modifications of Nanoparticles for Stability in Biological Fluids

Materials, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 1154 - 1154

Published: July 6, 2018

Due to the high surface: volume ratio and extraordinary properties arising from nanoscale (optical, electric, magnetic, etc.), nanoparticles (NPs) are excellent candidates for multiple applications. In this context, nanoscience is opening a wide range of modern technologies in biological biomedical fields, among others. However, one main drawbacks that still delays its fast evolution effectiveness related behavior nanomaterials presence fluids. Unfortunately, fluids characterized by ionic strengths which usually induce NP aggregation. Besides problem, content biomacromolecules—such as lipids, sugars, nucleic acids and, especially, proteins—also affects stability viability some applications due to, example, formation protein corona around NPs. Here, we will review most common strategies achieve stable NPs dispersions strength also, antifouling avoid adsorption.

Language: Английский

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Fundamentals, Applications, and Future Directions of Bioelectrocatalysis

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 120(23), P. 12903 - 12993

Published: Oct. 14, 2020

Bioelectrocatalysis is an interdisciplinary research field combining biocatalysis and electrocatalysis via the utilization of materials derived from biological systems as catalysts to catalyze redox reactions occurring at electrode. synergistically couples merits both electrocatalysis. The advantages include high activity, selectivity, wide substrate scope, mild reaction conditions. possible renewable electricity electron source energy conversion efficiency. These properties are integrated achieve selective biosensing, efficient conversion, production diverse products. This review seeks systematically comprehensively detail fundamentals, analyze existing problems, summarize development status applications, look toward future directions bioelectrocatalysis. First, structure, function, modification bioelectrocatalysts discussed. Second, essentials bioelectrocatalytic systems, including transfer mechanisms, electrode materials, medium, described. Third, application bioelectrocatalysis in fields biosensors, fuel cells, solar catalytic mechanism studies, bioelectrosyntheses high-value chemicals summarized. Finally, developments a perspective on suggested.

Language: Английский

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Platinum Nanozyme-Catalyzed Gas Generation for Pressure-Based Bioassay Using Polyaniline Nanowires-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Framework

Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 90(20), P. 12299 - 12306

Published: Sept. 17, 2018

Pressure-based bioassays incorporating biomolecular recognition with a catalyzed gas-generation reaction have been developed for gas biosensors, but most involve poor sensitivity and are unsuitable routine use. Herein we design an innovative pressure-based biosensing platform the detection of Kanamycin (Kana) on polyaniline nanowires-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (PANI/rGO) framework by using platinum nanozyme-catalyzed generation. The signal was amplified coupling catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) strand-displacement amplification (SDA). Upon target Kana introduction, analyte initially triggered SDA between DNA1 DNA2, then induced CHA conjugation magnetic bead-labeled DNA3 (MB–H3) nanoparticle-labeled DNA4 (Pt–H4) to form three-dimensional network. Numerous nanoparticles (peroxidase-like nanozymes) were carried over beads reduce hydrogen peroxide into oxygen. as-produced compressed PANI/rGO frameworks (modified polyurethane sponge, used as piezoelectric materials) in homemade pressure-tight device, thus causing increasing current sponge thanks its deformation. change caused as-generated pressure determined electrochemical workstation. Under optimum conditions, exhibited outstanding compressibility, stable signal-waveform output, fast response recovery time (≈109 ms), increased concentration within dynamic working range 0.2–50 pM at limit 0.063 pM. Good reproducibility, specificity, acceptable precision acquired analysis. In addition, accuracy this method monitored evaluate real milk samples well-matched results obtained referenced ELISA kit.

Language: Английский

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Hierarchical Assemblies of Supramolecular Coordination Complexes

Accounts of Chemical Research, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 51(9), P. 2047 - 2063

Published: Aug. 22, 2018

Hierarchical self-assembly (HAS) is a multilevel organization process that first assembles elementary molecular units into ordered secondary structures via noncovalent interactions, which further act as the building blocks to form more complex multifunctional superstructures at next level(s). The HAS strategy has been used versatile method for preparation of soft-matter nanoarchitectures defined size and morphologies, tunable luminescence, biological importance. However, such can be greatly simplified if well-defined dynamic are employed cores upon linking desired nanoarchitectures. Discrete supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs) with shapes, sizes, internal cavities have widely construct hierarchical systems functional diversity. This Account summarizes prevailing strategies in recent years SCC-based HASs illustrates how combination metal-ligand other interactions was obtain interesting properties. dual orthogonal involving coordination-driven hydrogen bonding/host-guest interaction generally result robust flexible gels. Likewise, hybridization SCCs suitable covalent network useful prepare materials self-healing intrinsic positive charges also make them precursors construction electrostatic negatively charged biological/abiological molecules. Furthermore, interplay between hydrophilic lipophilic characters by varying number spacial orientation alkyl/oxyethylene chains SCC simple yet controllable approach nanostructures. Certain SCC-cored exhibit reversible polymorphism, typically micellar, nanofiber, vesicular phases, response various external perturbations: heat, photoirradiation, pH-variance, redox-active agents, etc. At same time, multiple mediated growing numbers promising candidates obtaining functionally diverse materials. photophysical properties many analytical applications. For example, embedding tetraphenylethene (TPE)-based pyridyl ligands within metallo-supramolecular partially restricts rotations its phenyl rings, endowing resultant weak emissions. Further aggregation solvents results marked enhancement emission intensity along quantum yields. They sensitive sensors different analytes, including pathogens, drugs, develop multidrug cooperative chemotherapeutic effects. Hence, use theranostic combining cell-imaging agents scaffolds drug delivery cancer theranostics. their responsiveness stimuli, oftentimes due nature play an important role release disassembly mechanism.

Language: Английский

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Synthesis, Assembly, and Applications of Hybrid Nanostructures for Biosensing

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 117(20), P. 12942 - 13038

Published: Sept. 13, 2017

The robust, sensitive, and selective detection of targeted biomolecules in their native environment by prospective nanostructures holds much promise for real-time, accurate, high throughput biosensing. However, order to be competitive, current biosensor nanotechnologies need significant improvements, especially specificity, integration, rate, long-term stability complex bioenvironments. Advancing biosensing chemically "noisy" bioenvironments require careful engineering nanoscale components that are highly biorecognition ligands capable exquisite binding, seamless integration at a level devices have yet achieve. This review summarizes recent advances the synthesis, assembly, applications nanoengineered reporting transducing critical efficient First, major classes nanostructured components, both inorganic reporters organic transducers, discussed context synthetic control individual compositions, shapes, properties. Second, design surface functionalities path, characterization interfacial architectures, multiple into multifunctional ordered extensively examined. Third, examples structures created from hybrid nanomaterials reviewed, with distinct emphasis on tailor nanosensor designs specific operating environments. Finally, we offer perspective future developments nanohybrid materials nanosensors, outline possible directions pursued may yield breakthrough results, envision exciting potential high-performance will cause disruptive improvements field

Language: Английский

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Graphene oxide and carbon dots as broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents – a minireview

Nanoscale Horizons, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. 117 - 137

Published: Sept. 5, 2018

Complex antibacterial mechanisms of graphene oxide and carbon dots.

Language: Английский

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Two-dimensional nanomaterials: fascinating materials in biomedical field

Science Bulletin, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 64(22), P. 1707 - 1727

Published: Sept. 20, 2019

Language: Английский

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In-Plane Carbon Lattice-Defect Regulating Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction to Hydrogen Peroxide Production over Nitrogen-Doped Graphene

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 1283 - 1288

Published: Jan. 4, 2019

Carbon-based materials are considered to be active for electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production. Nevertheless, less attention is paid the investigation of influence in-plane carbon lattice defect on catalytic activity and selectivity toward ORR. In present work, graphene precursors were prepared from oxo-functionalized (oxo-G) oxide (GO) with H2O2 hydrothermal treatment, respectively. Statistical Raman spectroscopy (SRS) analysis demonstrated increased density in order oxo-G, oxo-G/H2O2, GO, GO/H2O2. Furthermore, nitrogen-doped through ammonium hydroxide treatment those precursors. Rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) results indicate that derived oxo-G lowest defects exhibited highest >82% 0.1 M KOH. Moreover, a high production rate 224.8 mmol gcatalyst–1 h–1 could achieved at 0.2 VRHE H-cell faradaic efficiency >43.6%. Our work provides insights design synthesis carbon-based electrocatalysts

Language: Английский

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Top-down synthesis of graphene: A comprehensive review

FlatChem, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27, P. 100224 - 100224

Published: Feb. 8, 2021

Language: Английский

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