Discovery and quantification of plastic particle pollution in human blood

Environment International, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 163, P. 107199 - 107199

Published: March 24, 2022

Plastic particles are ubiquitous pollutants in the living environment and food chain but no study to date has reported on internal exposure of plastic human blood. This study's goal was develop a robust sensitive sampling analytical method with double shot pyrolysis - gas chromatography/mass spectrometry apply it measure ≥700 nm whole blood from 22 healthy volunteers. Four high production volume polymers applied were identified quantified for first time Polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene styrene (a sum parameter polystyrene, expanded acetonitrile butadiene etc.) most widely encountered, followed by poly(methyl methacrylate). Polypropylene analysed values under limits quantification. In this small set donors, mean quantifiable concentration 1.6 µg/ml, showing measurement mass polymeric component pioneering biomonitoring demonstrated that bioavailable uptake into bloodstream. An understanding these substances humans associated hazard such is needed determine whether or not particle public health risk.

Language: Английский

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Plasticenta: First evidence of microplastics in human placenta

Environment International, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 146, P. 106274 - 106274

Published: Dec. 2, 2020

Microplastics are particles smaller than five millimeters deriving from the degradation of plastic objects present in environment. can move environment to living organisms, including mammals. In this study, six human placentas, collected consenting women with physiological pregnancies, were analyzed by Raman Microspectroscopy evaluate presence microplastics. total, 12 microplastic fragments (ranging 5 10 μm size), spheric or irregular shape found 4 placentas (5 fetal side, maternal side and 3 chorioamniotic membranes); all microplastics characterized terms morphology chemical composition. All them pigmented; three identified as stained polypropylene a thermoplastic polymer, while for other nine it was possible identify only pigments, which used man-made coatings, paints, adhesives, plasters, finger polymers cosmetics personal care products.

Language: Английский

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Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Aquatic Environments: Aggregation, Deposition, and Enhanced Contaminant Transport

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 52(4), P. 1704 - 1724

Published: Dec. 21, 2017

Plastic litter is widely acknowledged as a global environmental threat, and poor management disposal lead to increasing levels in the environment. Of recent concern degradation of plastics from macro- micro- even nanosized particles smaller than 100 nm size. At nanoscale, are difficult detect can be transported air, soil, water compartments. While impact plastic debris on marine fresh waters organisms has been studied, loads, transformations, transport, fate terrestrial subsurface environments largely overlooked. In this Critical Review, we first present estimated loads different We also provide critical review current knowledge vis-à-vis nanoplastic (NP) microplastic (MP) aggregation, deposition, contaminant cotransport Important factors that affect aggregation deposition natural identified critically analyzed. Factors affecting sorption onto discussed, show how polyethylene generally exhibits greater capacity other types. Finally, highlight key gaps need addressed improve our ability predict risks associated with these ubiquitous contaminants environment by understanding their mobility, behavior potential enhance transport pollutants.

Language: Английский

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Human Consumption of Microplastics

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 53(12), P. 7068 - 7074

Published: June 5, 2019

Microplastics are ubiquitous across ecosystems, yet the exposure risk to humans is unresolved. Focusing on American diet, we evaluated number of microplastic particles in commonly consumed foods relation their recommended daily intake. The potential for inhalation and how source drinking water may affect consumption were also explored. Our analysis used 402 data points from 26 studies, which represents over 3600 processed samples. Evaluating approximately 15% Americans' caloric intake, estimate that annual microplastics ranges 39000 52000 depending age sex. These estimates increase 74000 121000 when considered. Additionally, individuals who meet intake through only bottled sources be ingesting an additional 90000 annually, compared 4000 those consume tap water. subject large amounts variation; however, given methodological limitations, these values likely underestimates.

Language: Английский

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Microplastics in freshwaters and drinking water: Critical review and assessment of data quality

Water Research, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 155, P. 410 - 422

Published: March 1, 2019

Microplastics have recently been detected in drinking water as well sources. This presence has triggered discussions on possible implications for human health. However, there questions regarding the quality of these occurrence studies since are no standard sampling, extraction and identification methods microplastics. Accordingly, we assessed fifty researching microplastics its major freshwater includes an assessment microplastic data from river lake water, groundwater, tap bottled water. Studies wastewater were also reviewed. We review propose best practices to sample, extract detect provide a quantitative reporting concentrations. Further, summarize findings related concentrations, polymer types particle shapes. frequently present freshwaters number concentrations spanned ten orders magnitude (1 × 10−2 108 #/m3) across individual samples types. only four out 50 received positive scores all proposed criteria, implying is significant need improve assurance sampling analysis samples. The order globally polymers PE ≈ PP > PS PVC PET, which probably reflects global plastic demand higher tendency PET settle result their densities. Fragments, fibres, film, foam pellets most reported conclude that more high needed better understand potential exposure inform health risk assessments.

Language: Английский

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Microplastics in Seafood and the Implications for Human Health

Current Environmental Health Reports, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. 375 - 386

Published: Aug. 16, 2018

We describe evidence regarding human exposure to microplastics via seafood and discuss potential health effects. Shellfish other animals consumed whole pose particular concern for exposure. If there is toxicity, it likely dependent on dose, polymer type, size, surface chemistry, hydrophobicity. Human activity has led microplastic contamination throughout the marine environment. As a result of widespread contamination, are ingested by many species wildlife including fish shellfish. Because associated with chemicals from manufacturing that sorb surrounding environment, physical chemical toxicity. Evidence toxicity epidemiology emerging. characterize current knowledge highlight gaps. also recommend mitigation adaptation strategies targeting life cycle future research assess impacts humans. Addressing these gaps critical priority due nutritional importance consumption.

Language: Английский

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Detection of Various Microplastics in Human Stool

Annals of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 171(7), P. 453 - 457

Published: Sept. 2, 2019

Microplastics are ubiquitous in natural environments. Ingestion of microplastics has been described marine organisms, whereby particles may enter the food chain.To examine human feces for presence to determine whether humans involuntarily ingest them.Prospective case series which participants completed a diary and sampled stool according step-by-step instructions.Europe Asia.Eight healthy volunteers aged 33 65 years.After chemical digestion, Fourier-transform infrared microspectroscopy was used analyze shape 10 common types microplastic samples.All 8 samples tested positive microplastics. A median 20 (50 500 µm size) per g were identified. Overall, 9 plastic detected, with polypropylene polyethylene terephthalate being most abundant.There few participants, each provided only 1 sample. The origin fate gastrointestinal tract not investigated.Various detected stool, suggesting inadvertent ingestion from different sources. Further research on extent intake potential effect health is needed.None.

Language: Английский

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A Detailed Review Study on Potential Effects of Microplastics and Additives of Concern on Human Health

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 1212 - 1212

Published: Feb. 13, 2020

The distribution and abundance of microplastics into the world are so extensive that many scientists use them as key indicators recent contemporary period defining a new historical epoch: Plasticene. However, implications not yet thoroughly understood. There is considerable complexity involved to understand their impact due different physical–chemical properties make multifaceted stressors. If, on one hand, carry toxic chemicals in ecosystems, thus serving vectors transport, they themselves, other cocktail hazardous added voluntarily during production additives increase polymer prolong life. To date, there lack knowledge major concern used plastic industry, fate once dispose environment, consequent effects human health when associated with micro nanoplastics. present study emphasizes most dangerous chemical substances contained all products describe these health, providing detailed overview studies have investigated microplastics. In work, we conducted capillary review literature nanoplastic exposure pathways potential risk summarize current intention better focus future research this area fill gaps.

Language: Английский

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Airborne microplastics: Consequences to human health?

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 234, P. 115 - 126

Published: Dec. 21, 2017

Language: Английский

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Marine microplastic debris: An emerging issue for food security, food safety and human health

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 133, P. 336 - 348

Published: June 19, 2018

Recent studies have demonstrated the negative impacts of microplastics on wildlife. Therefore, presence in marine species for human consumption and high intake seafood (fish shellfish) some countries cause concern about potential effects health. In this brief review, evidence contamination by is reviewed, consequences environment food security, safety health are discussed. Furthermore, challenges gaps knowledge identified. The adverse due to organisms containing very limited, difficult assess still controversial. Thus, assessment risk posed humans challenging. Research urgently needed, especially regarding exposure associated micro- nano-sized plastics.

Language: Английский

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