Water Environment Research,
Journal Year:
2010,
Volume and Issue:
82(10), P. 869 - 882
Published: Jan. 1, 2010
Thirty–six
papers
were
published
in
2009
describing
new
methods
for
analysis
of
veterinary
pharmaceuticals,
natural
and
synthetic
steroid
hormones,
their
occurrence
agricultural
settings.
New
continue
to
be
developed
applied
toward
understanding
the
sources
environmental
significance
these
chemicals.
Advances
sample
preparation
instrumentation
provide
detection
limits
into
parts
per
trillion
ranges.
Analysis
water
samples
indicates
that
many
compounds
do
occur
environment.
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,
Journal Year:
2011,
Volume and Issue:
184(7), P. 4309 - 4334
Published: Aug. 3, 2011
A
high
prevalence
of
intersex
or
testicular
oocytes
(TO)
in
male
smallmouth
bass
within
the
Potomac
River
drainage
has
raised
concerns
as
to
health
river.
Studies
were
conducted
document
biomarker
responses
both
temporally
and
spatially
better
understand
influence
normal
physiological
cycles,
well
water
quality
land-use
influences.
Smallmouth
collected
over
a
2-year
period
from
three
tributaries
River:
Shenandoah
River,
South
Branch
Conococheague
Creek,
an
out-of-basin
reference
site
on
Gauley
River.
The
TO
varied
seasonally
with
lowest
observed
July,
post-spawn.
Reproductive
maturity
and/or
lack
spawning
previous
spring,
practices
such
application
manure
pesticides,
may
seasonal
observations.
Annual,
seasonal,
differences
also
percentage
males
measurable
concentrations
plasma
vitellogenin,
mean
concentration
vitellogenin
females,
17β-estradiol
testosterone
sexes.
Bass
(moderate
TO)
had
less
sperm
per
testes
mass
lower
those
being
motile
when
compared
(low
TO).
An
inverse
relationship
was
noted
between
severity
motility.
association
wastewater
treatment
plant
flow,
percent
agriculture,
total
number
animal
feeding
operations,
poultry
houses,
density
catchment
observed.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2013,
Volume and Issue:
47(10), P. 5031 - 5041
Published: April 18, 2013
Despite
the
widespread
use
of
anabolic
androgen
trenbolone
acetate
(TBA)
in
animal
agriculture,
evidence
demonstrating
occurrence
TBA
metabolites
such
as
17β-trenbolone
(17β-TBOH),
17α-trenbolone
(17α-TBOH),
and
trendione
(TBO)
is
relatively
scarce,
potentially
due
to
rapid
transformation
processes
direct
photolysis.
Therefore,
we
investigated
phototransformation
associated
ecological
implications
by
characterizing
photoproducts
arising
from
photolysis
17β-TBOH,
17α-TBOH,
TBO
their
ecotoxicity.
LC-HRMS/MS
analysis
identified
a
range
hydroxylated
products
that
were
no
longer
photoactive,
with
primary
consisting
monohydroxy
species
presumptive
diastereomers.
Also
observed
higher-order
probably
formed
via
subsequent
reaction
photoproducts.
NMR
confirmed
formation
12,17-dihydroxy-estra-5(10),9(11),dien-3-one
(12-hydroxy-TBOH;
2.2
mg),
10,12,17-trihydroxy-estra-4,9(11),dien-3-one
(10,12-dihydroxy-TBOH;
0.7
ring-opened
11,12-dialdehyde
oxidation
product
(TBOH-11,12-dialdehyde;
1.0
mg)
after
irradiation
∼14
mg
17β-trenbolone.
Though
unconfirmed
NMR,
our
data
suggest
additional
isomeric
may
occur,
likely
reactivity
unique
4,9,11
conjugated
triene
structure
trenbolone.
In
vivo
exposure
studies
employing
Japanese
medaka
(Oryzias
latipes)
indicate
low
concentrations
17α-TBOH
photoproduct
mixtures
can
alter
ovarian
follicular
development,
whole-body
17β-estradiol
levels.
yields
strong
structural
similarity
parent
steroids,
these
still
retain
enough
biological
activity
elicit
observable
changes
endocrine
function
at
trace
concentrations.
These
environmental
do
not
necessarily
reduce
steroid
hormone
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2012,
Volume and Issue:
46(16), P. 9106 - 9111
Published: Aug. 10, 2012
To
evaluate
the
potential
role
of
endocrine
disruption
in
decline
pelagic
fishes
San
Francisco
Bay
Delta
California,
various
surface
water
samples
were
collected,
extracted,
and
found
to
elicit
estrogenic
activity
laboratory
fish.
Chemical
analysis
indicated
2
pesticides
(bifenthrin,
diuron),
alkyphenols
(AP),
mixtures
types
alkyphenol
polyethoxylates
(APEOs).
Evaluation
was
further
characterized
by
vitro
bioassays
using
rainbow
trout
hepatocytes
(Oncorhynchus
mykiss)
vivo
studies
with
Japanese
medaka
(Oryzias
latipes).
In
bioassays,
exposed
alone
or
combination
AP/APEO
at
concentrations
observed
waters
failed
show
(induction
vitelloginin
mRNA).
individual
did
not
have
elevated
VTG
ambient
concentrations.
However,
when
combined
AP/APEOs
7-day
exposure
a
significant
increase
observed.
Exposure
5-fold
higher
concentration
mixture
also
significantly
induced
VTG.
contrast
earlier
permethrin,
biotransformation
bifenthrin
metabolites
liver
microsomes
cytochrome
P450
treatment.
These
results
showed
that
different
modes
action
environmentally
relevant
may
be
associated
measured
extracts
feral
fish
been
shown
population
Delta.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
51(3), P. 1802 - 1810
Published: Jan. 9, 2017
Assessing
how
endocrine
disrupting
compounds
(EDCs)
affect
population
dynamics
requires
tracking
males
and
females
(and
sex-reversed
individuals)
separately.
A
key
component
in
any
sex-specific
model
is
the
"mating
function"
(the
relationship
between
sex
ratio
reproductive
success)
but
this
not
known
for
fish
species.
Using
a
model,
we
found
that
EDC
effects
on
populations
strongly
depend
upon
shape
of
mating
function.
Additionally,
masculinization
generally
more
detrimental
to
than
feminization.
We
then
quantified
function
inland
silverside
(Menidia
beryllina),
used
those
results
assess
status
wild
populations.
Contrary
expectation
few
can
spawn
with
many
females,
silversides
exhibited
nearly
linear
This
implies
small
changes
will
reduce
success.
Four
out
five
ratios
far
from
50:50
thus
are
predicted
be
experiencing
declines.
Our
suggest
managers
should
place
emphasis
mitigating
masculinizing
rather
feminizing
effects.
However,
species
function,
such
as
Menidia,
feminization
equally
detrimental.
Chemical Research in Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2010,
Volume and Issue:
23(10), P. 1568 - 1575
Published: Sept. 13, 2010
This
study
investigated
the
stereoselective
biotransformation
and
resulting
estrogenic
activity
of
pyrethroid
insecticide,
permethrin
(PM).
Results
both
in
vivo
(male
Japanese
medaka,
vitellogenin
(VTG)
protein
plasma)
vitro
(primary
rainbow
trout
hepatocyte
VTG-mRNA
expression)
assays
indicated
PM.
1S-cis-PM
was
observed
to
have
significantly
higher
(P
≤
0.05)
than
1R-cis
enantiomer
evaluations.
All
enantiomers
PM
were
oxidized
a
4′-hydoxy
(4OH
PM)
metabolite
underwent
esterase
cleavage
3-phenoxybenzyl
alcohol
(3-PBOH)
3-(4′-hydroxyphenoxy)-benzyl
alcohol)
(3,4′-PBOH).
Racemic
4OH
as
well
3-PBOH,
3,4′-PBOH
possessed
significant
estrogenicity.
1S-trans-PM
more
extensively
corresponding
1R-trans-PM.
Inhibition
studies
with
ketoconazole
confirmed
cytochrome
P450-catalyzed
hydroxylation
for
all
stereoisomers.
These
stereoselectivity
from
parent
compound
metabolites.
PLoS ONE,
Journal Year:
2013,
Volume and Issue:
8(9), P. e74251 - e74251
Published: Sept. 25, 2013
Endocrine
disrupting
chemicals
(EDCs)
cause
physiological
abnormalities
and
population
decline
in
fishes.
However,
few
studies
have
linked
environmental
EDC
exposures
with
responses
at
multiple
tiers
of
the
biological
hierarchy,
including
population-level
effects.
To
this
end,
we
undertook
a
four-tiered
investigation
impacted
San
Francisco
Bay
estuary
Mississippi
silverside
(Menidia
audens),
small
pelagic
fish.
This
approach
demonstrated
links
between
different
sources
fish
levels
organization.
First
determined
that
water
from
study
site
primarily
by
ranch
run-off
had
only
estrogenic
activity
vitro,
while
sampled
receiving
combination
urban,
limited
run-off,
treated
wastewater
effluent
both
androgenic
activity.
Secondly,
molecular
level
found
higher
mRNA
for
estrogen-responsive
genes
where
was
detected
but
relatively
lower
expression
EDCs
were
detected.
Thirdly,
organism
level,
males
exposed
to
estrogens
androgens
significantly
mean
gonadal
somatic
indices,
incidence
severe
testicular
necrosis
altered
growth
relative
Finally,
sex
ratio
skewed
towards
measured
Our
results
suggest
mixtures
antagonistic
potentially
additive
effects
depending
on
scale
being
assessed,
containing
may
produce
unexpected
In
summary,
evaluating
response
is
necessary
determine
source
disruption
(lowest
scale,
i.e.
cell
line)
what
ecological
impact
will
be
(largest
ratio).
San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
14(4)
Published: Dec. 28, 2016
Many
contaminants
in
the
California
Bay–Delta
(Bay–Delta)
exceed
regulatory
standards,
affect
aquatic
species,
and
potentially
human
health.
Recent
studies
provide
multiple
lines
of
evidence
that
species
concern
(e.g.,
decline
several
important
fish
referred
to
as
“Pelagic
Organism
Decline”
or
POD).
Contaminants
occur
dynamic
complex
mixtures
exert
effects
at
levels
biological
organization.
Multiple
chemicals
impair
processes
cellular
physiological
(measured
growth,
development,
behavior
abnormalities),
when
viability
reproductive
output
are
affected,
populations
affected.
As
an
example,
population
endangered
Delta
Smelt
(Hypomesus
transpacificus)
is
significantly
associated
with
stressors,
including
insecticide
use.
New
analyses
presented
this
paper
show
significant
correlations
between
pyrethroid
use
declining
abundance
POD
species.
Water
sampled
from
causes
deleterious
fish,
collected
exhibit
contaminant
effects.
Fish
prey
items
also
affected
by
contaminants;
may
have
indirect
effect
on
their
populations.
Co-occurrence
thermal
changes
disease
can
exacerbate
pose
threats
health
via
consumption
shellfish,
drinking
water,
contact
recreation,
particular,
mercury,
cyanobacteria
toxins,
disinfection
byproducts,
pathogens,
pesticides,
pharmaceuticals
personal
care
products.
The
role
difficult
accurately
assess
a
complex,
system.
However,
tools
approaches
available
evaluate
separate
stressors.
Integrated
monitoring
focused
mechanistic
instrumental
for
addressing
management
needs.
Effect
risk
assessments
should
be
conducted
different
across
life
stages,
emphasis
early
stages
high-priority