Formation of short chain fatty acids by the gut microbiota and their impact on human metabolism

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. 189 - 200

Published: March 10, 2016

The formation of SCFA is the result a complex interplay between diet and gut microbiota within lumen environment. discovery receptors, across range cell tissue types for which short chain fatty acids appear to be natural ligands, has led increased interest in as signaling molecules host. represent major carbon flux from through host evidence emerging regulatory role local, intermediary peripheral metabolism. However, lack well-designed controlled human studies hampered our understanding significance metabolic health. This review aims pull together recent findings on metabolism highlight multi-faceted different systems.

Language: Английский

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Dynamics and Stabilization of the Human Gut Microbiome during the First Year of Life

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 690 - 703

Published: May 1, 2015

Language: Английский

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Human Genetics Shape the Gut Microbiome

Cell, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 159(4), P. 789 - 799

Published: Nov. 1, 2014

Language: Английский

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Gut metagenome in European women with normal, impaired and diabetic glucose control

Nature, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 498(7452), P. 99 - 103

Published: May 28, 2013

Language: Английский

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What is the Healthy Gut Microbiota Composition? A Changing Ecosystem across Age, Environment, Diet, and Diseases

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 14 - 14

Published: Jan. 10, 2019

Each individual is provided with a unique gut microbiota profile that plays many specific functions in host nutrient metabolism, maintenance of structural integrity the mucosal barrier, immunomodulation, and protection against pathogens. Gut are composed different bacteria species taxonomically classified by genus, family, order, phyla. human's shaped early life as their composition depends on infant transitions (birth gestational date, type delivery, methods milk feeding, weaning period) external factors such antibiotic use. These personal healthy core native remain relatively stable adulthood but differ between individuals due to enterotypes, body mass index (BMI) level, exercise frequency, lifestyle, cultural dietary habits. Accordingly, there not optimal since it for each individual. However, host⁻microorganism balance must be respected order optimally perform metabolic immune prevent disease development. This review will provide an overview studies focus balances same highlight close mutualistic relationship variations diseases. Indeed, dysbiosis associated only intestinal disorders also numerous extra-intestinal diseases neurological disorders. Understanding cause or consequence these health how maintain restore should useful developing promising therapeutic interventions.

Language: Английский

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Personalized Nutrition by Prediction of Glycemic Responses

Cell, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 163(5), P. 1079 - 1094

Published: Nov. 1, 2015

Language: Английский

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Influence of diet on the gut microbiome and implications for human health

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 8, 2017

Recent studies have suggested that the intestinal microbiome plays an important role in modulating risk of several chronic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and cancer. At same time, it is now understood diet a significant shaping microbiome, with experiments showing dietary alterations can induce large, temporary microbial shifts within 24 h. Given this association, there may be therapeutic utility altering composition through diet. This review systematically evaluates current data regarding effects common components on microbiota. We show consumption particular types food produces predictable existing host bacterial genera. Furthermore, identity these bacteria affects immune metabolic parameters, broad implications for human health. Familiarity associations will tremendous use to practitioner as well patient.

Language: Английский

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Differential abundance analysis for microbial marker-gene surveys

Nature Methods, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. 1200 - 1202

Published: Sept. 29, 2013

Language: Английский

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The gut microbiota and host health: a new clinical frontier

Gut, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 65(2), P. 330 - 339

Published: Sept. 2, 2015

Over the last 10-15 years, our understanding of composition and functions human gut microbiota has increased exponentially. To a large extent, this been due to new 'omic' technologies that have facilitated large-scale analysis genetic metabolic profile microbial community, revealing it be comparable in influence organ body offering possibility route for therapeutic intervention. Moreover, might more accurate think like an immune system: collection cells work unison with host can promote health but sometimes initiate disease. This review gives update on current knowledge area disorders, particular syndrome obesity-related disease, liver IBD colorectal cancer. The potential manipulating these disorders is assessed, examination latest most relevant evidence relating antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, polyphenols faecal transplantation.

Language: Английский

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Population-level analysis of gut microbiome variation

Science, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 352(6285), P. 560 - 564

Published: April 28, 2016

“Normal” for the gut microbiota For benefit of future clinical studies, it is critical to establish what constitutes a “normal” microbiome, if exists at all. Through fecal samples and questionnaires, Falony et al. Zhernakova targeted general populations in Belgium Netherlands, respectively. Gut composition correlated with range factors including diet, use medication, red blood cell counts, chromogranin A, stool consistency. The data give some hints possible biomarkers normal communities. Science , this issue pp. 560 565

Language: Английский

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