Current Principles of Motor Control, with Special Reference to Vertebrate Locomotion

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 100(1), P. 271 - 320

Published: Sept. 12, 2019

The vertebrate control of locomotion involves all levels the nervous system from cortex to spinal cord. Here, we aim cover main aspects this complex behavior, operation microcircuits in cord systems and behavioral extend mammalian basic undulatory movements lamprey fish. cellular basis propulsion represents core system, it central pattern generator networks (CPGs) controlling timing different muscles, sensory compensation for perturbations, brain stem command level activity CPGs speed locomotion. forebrain particular basal ganglia are involved determining which motor programs should be recruited at a given point time can both initiate stop locomotor activity. propulsive needs integrated with postural maintain body orientation. Moreover, need steered so that subject approaches goal episode, or avoids colliding elements environment simply escapes high speed. These will covered review.

Language: Английский

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What, If, and When to Move: Basal Ganglia Circuits and Self-Paced Action Initiation

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 42(1), P. 459 - 483

Published: April 24, 2019

Deciding what to do and when move is vital our survival. Clinical fundamental studies have identified basal ganglia circuits as critical for this process. The main input nucleus of the ganglia, striatum, receives inputs from frontal, sensory, motor cortices interconnected thalamic areas that provide information about potential goals, context, actions directly or indirectly modulates outputs. striatum also dopaminergic can signal reward prediction errors behavioral transitions movement initiation. Here we review models how direct indirect pathways modulate outputs facilitate initiation, discuss role cortical in determining if it. Complex but exciting scenarios emerge shed new light on self-paced

Language: Английский

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A Motor Theory of Sleep-Wake Control: Arousal-Action Circuit

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 42(1), P. 27 - 46

Published: Jan. 30, 2019

Wakefulness, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and non-rapid (NREM) sleep are characterized by distinct electroencephalogram (EEG), electromyogram (EMG), autonomic profiles. The circuit mechanism coordinating these changes during sleep-wake transitions remains poorly understood. past few years have witnessed progress in the identification of REM NREM neurons, which constitute highly distributed networks spanning forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain. Here we propose an arousal-action for control wakefulness is supported separate arousal action while neurons part central somatic motor circuits. This model well currently known wake neurons. It can also account EEG, EMG, profiles wake, REM, states several key features their transitions. intimate association between autonomic/somatic circuits suggests that a primary function to suppress activity.

Language: Английский

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A Specialized Neural Circuit Gates Social Vocalizations in the Mouse

Neuron, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 103(3), P. 459 - 472.e4

Published: June 13, 2019

Language: Английский

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A midbrain-thalamus-cortex circuit reorganizes cortical dynamics to initiate movement

Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 185(6), P. 1065 - 1081.e23

Published: March 1, 2022

Motor behaviors are often planned long before execution but only released after specific sensory events. Planning and each associated with distinct patterns of motor cortex activity. Key questions how these dynamic activity generated they relate to behavior. Here, we investigate the multi-regional neural circuits that link an auditory "Go cue" transition from planning directional licking. Ascending glutamatergic neurons in midbrain reticular pedunculopontine nuclei show short latency phasic changes spike rate selective for Go cue. This signal is transmitted via thalamus cortex, where it triggers a rapid reorganization state planning-related command, which turn drives appropriate movement. Our studies can control cortical dynamics precise

Language: Английский

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A subcortical excitatory circuit for sensory-triggered predatory hunting in mice

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 22(6), P. 909 - 920

Published: May 24, 2019

Language: Английский

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Networking brainstem and basal ganglia circuits for movement

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(6), P. 342 - 360

Published: April 14, 2022

Language: Английский

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Nonresonant powering of injectable nanoelectrodes enables wireless deep brain stimulation in freely moving mice

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(3)

Published: Jan. 13, 2021

Wireless powering of magnetoelectric nanoelectrodes is used for deep brain stimulation in freely moving and transgene-free mice.

Language: Английский

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Specific populations of basal ganglia output neurons target distinct brain stem areas while collateralizing throughout the diencephalon

Neuron, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 109(10), P. 1721 - 1738.e4

Published: April 5, 2021

Basal ganglia play a central role in regulating behavior, but the organization of their outputs to other brain areas is incompletely understood. We investigate largest output nucleus, substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), and delineate physiology its projection populations mice. Using genetically targeted viral tracing whole-brain anatomical analysis, we identify over 40 SNr targets that encompass roughly 50-fold range axonal densities. Retrograde from volumetrically indicates contains segregated subpopulations differentially project functionally distinct stem regions. These are electrophysiologically specialized topographically organized collateralize common diencephalon targets, including motor intralaminar thalamus as well pedunculopontine nucleus midbrain reticular formation. findings establish signaling dense, parallel specific concurrent with extensive collateral branches majority boutons.

Language: Английский

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Brainstem Circuits for Locomotion

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 63 - 85

Published: Jan. 5, 2022

Locomotion is a universal motor behavior that expressed as the output of many integrated brain functions. organized at several levels nervous system, with brainstem circuits acting gate between areas regulating innate, emotional, or motivational locomotion and executive spinal circuits. Here we review recent advances on involved in controlling locomotion. We describe how delineated command govern start, speed, stop, steering also discuss these pathways interface cord diverse important for context-specific selection A recurrent theme need to establish functional connectome from Finally, point unresolved issues concerning function locomotor control.

Language: Английский

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