Plant-Microbe Interactions Facing Environmental Challenge

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 183 - 192

Published: Aug. 1, 2019

In the past four decades, tremendous progress has been made in understanding how plants respond to microbial colonization and pathogens symbionts reprogram plant cellular processes. contrast, our knowledge of environmental conditions impact plant-microbe interactions is less understood at mechanistic level, as most molecular studies are performed under simple static laboratory conditions. this review, we highlight research that begins shed light on mechanisms by which influence diverse plant-pathogen, plant-symbiont, plant-microbiota interactions. There a great need increase efforts important area order reach systems-level more reflective what occurs nature.

Language: Английский

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Endophytic fungi as biocontrol agents: elucidating mechanisms in disease suppression

Plant Ecology & Diversity, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 11(5-6), P. 555 - 567

Published: Nov. 2, 2018

ABSTRACT Background Fungal endophytes occur ubiquitously in plants and are being increasingly studied for their ability to support plant health protect the host from diseases. Using disease control provides potential advantages compared other biocontrol agents since they colonise internally thereby stay protected environmental stresses fluctuations. A thorough understanding of mechanisms is required mutualistic association with plants; both optimise efficacy registration as protection products. Aims To provide a critical review on employed by endophytic fungi biological control. Furthermore, we draw attention gaps our knowledge complex interactions between plant, pathogen endophyte discuss implications future research. Methods Review literature where colonisation during specific interaction has been confirmed. Results Known disease-reducing include direct inhibition activity competition, antibiosis mycoparasitism indirect induced resistance, plant's own defence system activated combat Relying vitro studies alone can result misleading conclusions. Conclusions We need investigate nature requirements establishment successful plant-endophyte interactions, development efficient agents.

Language: Английский

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Root-associated fungal microbiota of nonmycorrhizal Arabis alpina and its contribution to plant phosphorus nutrition

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 114(44)

Published: Oct. 2, 2017

Most land plants live in association with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and rely on this symbiosis to scavenge phosphorus (P) from soil. The ability establish partnership has been lost some plant lineages like the Brassicaceae, which raises question of what alternative nutrition strategies such have grow P-impoverished soils. To understand contribution plant-microbiota interactions, we studied root-associated fungal microbiome

Language: Английский

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Partner communication and role of nutrients in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 220(4), P. 1031 - 1046

Published: May 28, 2018

Contents Summary 1031 I. Introduction II. Interkingdom communication enabling symbiosis 1032 III. Nutritional and regulatory roles for key metabolites in the AM 1035 IV. The plant–fungus genotype combination determines outcome of 1039 V. Perspectives Acknowledgements 1041 References evolutionary ecological success arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) relies on an efficient multifactorial system partner recognition, a fine‐tuned reciprocal metabolic regulation each symbiont to reach optimal functional integration. Besides strigolactones, N ‐acetylglucosamine‐derivatives released by plant were recently suggested trigger fungal reprogramming at pre‐contact stage. Remarkably, ‐acetylglucosamine‐based diffusible molecules also are symbiotic signals produced fungi (AMF) clues mechanisms their perception emerging. AMF genomes transcriptomes contain battery putative effector genes that may have conserved AMF‐ or host plant‐specific functions. Nutrient exchange is feature symbiosis. A mechanism phosphate transport inside hyphae has been suggested, first insights into root colonization accordance with nutrient transfer status obtained. recent discovery dependency fatty acid from offered convincing explanation obligate biotrophism. Novel studies highlighted importance genotypes These findings open new perspectives fundamental research application agriculture.

Language: Английский

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Drivers of genetic diversity in secondary metabolic gene clusters within a fungal species

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 15(11), P. e2003583 - e2003583

Published: Nov. 17, 2017

Filamentous fungi produce a diverse array of secondary metabolites (SMs) critical for defense, virulence, and communication. The metabolic pathways that SMs are found in contiguous gene clusters fungal genomes, an atypical arrangement other eukaryotes. Comparative studies filamentous species have shown SM often either highly divergent or uniquely present one handful species, hampering efforts to determine the genetic basis evolutionary drivers cluster divergence. Here, we examined variation 66 cosmopolitan strains single opportunistic human pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. Investigation genome-wide within-species revealed 5 general types clusters: nonfunctional polymorphisms; gain loss whole allelic polymorphisms, which different alleles corresponded distinct, nonhomologous clusters; location was differ its genomic across strains. These polymorphisms affect function representative A. fumigatus clusters, such as those involved production gliotoxin, fumigaclavine, helvolic acid well with undefined products. In addition enabling identification detection requires extensive synteny conservation (e.g., mobile alleles), our approach also implicated multiple underlying drivers, including point mutations, recombination, deletion insertion events horizontal transfer from distant fungi. Finally, most variants uncover within been previously hypothesized contribute diversity entire classes phyla. We suggest operating here sufficient explain macroevolutionary patterns.

Language: Английский

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Colletotrichum species and complexes: geographic distribution, host range and conservation status

Fungal Diversity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 110(1), P. 109 - 198

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Comparative genomics and transcriptomics depict ericoid mycorrhizal fungi as versatile saprotrophs and plant mutualists

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 217(3), P. 1213 - 1229

Published: Jan. 7, 2018

Summary Some soil fungi in the Leotiomycetes form ericoid mycorrhizal ( ERM ) symbioses with Ericaceae. In harsh habitats which they occur, plant survival relies on nutrient mobilization from organic matter SOM by their fungal partners. The characterization of genetic machinery underpinning both symbiotic lifestyle and degradation is needed to understand symbiosis functioning evolution, its impact carbon (C) turnover. We sequenced genomes Meliniomyces bicolor , M. variabilis Oidiodendron maius Rhizoscyphus ericae compared gene repertoires those different lifestyles (ecto‐ orchid mycorrhiza, endophytes, saprotrophs, pathogens). also identified transcripts induced symbiosis. contents for polysaccharide‐degrading enzymes, lipases, proteases enzymes involved secondary metabolism are closer saprotrophs pathogens than ectomycorrhizal symbionts. genes most highly upregulated coding cell wall‐degrading CWDE s), proteases, transporters mycorrhiza‐induced small secreted proteins (Mi SSP s). repertoire reveals a capacity dual saprotrophic biotrophic lifestyle. This may reflect an incomplete transition saprotrophy habit, or versatile life strategy similar endophytes.

Language: Английский

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Insights into plant phosphate sensing and signaling

Current Opinion in Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 49, P. 1 - 9

Published: July 19, 2017

Language: Английский

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Iron and Immunity

Annual Review of Phytopathology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 55(1), P. 355 - 375

Published: June 9, 2017

Iron is an essential nutrient for most life on Earth because it functions as a crucial redox catalyst in many cellular processes. However, when present excess iron can lead to the formation of harmful hydroxyl radicals. Hence, balance must be tightly controlled. Perturbation homeostasis major strategy host-pathogen interactions. Plants use iron-withholding strategies reduce pathogen virulence or locally increase levels activate toxic oxidative burst. Some plant pathogens counteract such defenses by secreting iron-scavenging siderophores that promote uptake and alleviate iron-regulated host immune responses. Mutualistic root microbiota also influence disease via iron. They compete with soil-borne induce systemic resistance shares early signaling components iron-uptake machinery. This review describes progress our understanding role both pathogenic beneficial plant-microbe

Language: Английский

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Host–Multi-Pathogen Warfare: Pathogen Interactions in Co-infected Plants

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Oct. 25, 2017

Studies of plant-pathogen interactions have historically focused on simple models infection involving single host-single disease systems. However, plant infections often involve multiple species and/or genotypes and exhibit complexities not captured in Here, we review recent insights into co-infection systems focusing the dynamics host-multi-pathogen implications for host susceptibility/resistance. In systems, pathogen include: (i) Competition, which competing pathogens develop physical barriers or utilize toxins to exclude competitors from resource-dense niches; (ii) Cooperation, whereby beneficially interact, by providing mutual biochemical signals essential pathogenesis, through functional complementation via exchange resources necessary survival; (iii) Coexistence, can stably coexist niche specialization. Furthermore, hosts are also able to, actively passively, modulate competition defense responses that target at least one pathogen. Typically, however, virulent subvert defenses facilitate infection, elicited may be modified presence another Evidence exists, albeit rare, incorporating foreign genes broaden adaptation improve virulence. Throughout this review, draw upon examples a range types identify outstanding questions future innovation control strategies.

Language: Английский

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