FEBS Letters,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
591(19), P. 3089 - 3103
Published: June 10, 2017
The
mechanistic
target
of
rapamycin
(mTOR)
pathway
is
an
evolutionarily
conserved
signaling
that
senses
intra-
and
extracellular
nutrients,
growth
factors,
pathogen-associated
molecular
patterns
to
regulate
the
function
innate
adaptive
immune
cell
populations.
In
this
review,
we
focus
on
role
mTOR
complex
1
(mTORC1)
mTORC2
in
regulation
cellular
energy
metabolism
these
cells
support
responses.
regard,
mTORC1
generally
promote
anabolic
response
by
stimulating
protein
synthesis,
glycolysis,
mitochondrial
functions,
lipid
synthesis
influence
proliferation
survival,
effector
memory
responses,
training
tolerance
as
well
hematopoietic
stem
maintenance
differentiation.
Deactivation
restores
homeostasis
after
activation
optimizes
antigen
presentation
T-cell
generation.
These
findings
show
integrates
spatiotemporal
information
environmental
status
regulating
metabolic
responses
guide
activation.
Elucidation
control
mechanisms
will
help
generate
a
systemic
understanding
system.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
8
Published: Sept. 13, 2017
Natural
killer
(NK)
cells
are
innate
immune
that
show
strong
cytolytic
function
against
physiologically
stressed
such
as
tumor
and
virus-infected
cells.
NK
a
broad
array
of
tissue
distribution
phenotypic
variability.
express
several
activating
inhibitory
receptors
recognize
the
altered
expression
proteins
on
target
control
function.
have
been
used
in
clinical
trials
to
growth.
However,
results
encouraging
only
hematological
malignancies
but
not
very
promising
solid
tumors.
Increasing
evidence
suggests
microenvironment
regulate
phenotype
In
this
review,
we
discussed
cell
phenotypes
its
effector
impact
We
also
summarized
various
cell-based
immunotherapeutic
strategies
past,
possibilities
improve
for
better
outcome.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
10
Published: Sept. 24, 2019
Natural
Killer
(NK)
cells
are
characterized
by
their
potential
to
kill
tumor
different
means
without
previous
sensitization
and
therefore,
they
have
become
a
valuable
tool
in
cancer
immunotherapy.
However,
efficacy
against
solid
tumors
is
still
poor
further
studies
required
improve
it.
One
of
the
major
restrictions
for
NK
cell
activity
immunosuppressive
microenvironment
(TME).
There,
other
immune
create
appropriate
conditions
proliferation
while,
among
others,
preventing
activation.
Furthermore,
metabolism
impaired
TME,
presumably
due
nutrient
oxygen
deprivation,
higher
concentration
tumor-derived
metabolic
end
products,
such
as
lactate.
This
restriction
limits
effector
functions,
it
could
represent
target
focus
on
cell-based
therapies
tumors.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
effect
TME
into
its
influence
functions.
Cell Reports,
Journal Year:
2015,
Volume and Issue:
12(1), P. 102 - 115
Published: June 25, 2015
The
mammalian
target
of
rapamycin
complex
1
(mTORC1)
regulates
activation
immune
cells
and
cellular
energy
metabolism.
Although
glycolysis
has
been
linked
to
functions,
the
mechanisms
by
which
NLRP3
inflammasome
remain
unclear.
Here,
we
demonstrate
that
mTORC1-induced
provides
an
essential
mechanism
for
activation.
Moreover,
hexokinase
(HK1)-dependent
glycolysis,
under
regulation
mTORC1,
represents
a
critical
metabolic
pathway
Downregulation
inhibition
Raptor/mTORC1
or
HK1
suppressed
both
pro-IL-1β
maturation
caspase-1
in
macrophages
response
LPS
ATP.
These
results
suggest
upregulation
HK1-dependent
mTORC1
