Retracing our steps: A review on autism research in children, its limitation and impending pharmacological interventions DOI Creative Commons
Salam Salloum‐Asfar,

Nasser Zawia,

Sara Abdulla

et al.

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 253, P. 108564 - 108564

Published: Nov. 24, 2023

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental characterized by three core impairments: impaired communication, reciprocal social interaction, and restricted, repetitive, stereotypical behavior patterns. Spectrum refers to the heterogeneity of presentation, severity symptoms, medical comorbidities associated with ASD. Among most common underlying conditions are attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD), anxiety, depression, epilepsy, digestive disorders, metabolic immune disorders. At present, in absence an objective accurate diagnosis ASD, such as blood test, pharmacological management remains challenge. There no approved medications treat symptoms behavioral interventions typically used first line treatment. Additionally, psychotropic drugs different mechanisms action have been reduce comorbidities, including aripiprazole, risperidone, haloperidol for irritability aggression, methylphenidate, atomoxetine, clonidine, guanfacine ADHD, melatonin sleep disturbances. The purpose this review emphasize that it imperative develop objective, personalized diagnostic kits order tailor individualize treatment strategies, well describe current options available clinical practice new prospects may be helpful managing ASD's symptoms.

Language: Английский

Transgenerational effects of paternal exposures: the role of germline de novo mutations DOI Open Access
Hojat Dehghanbanadaki, Masaya Jimbo, Kiarad Fendereski

et al.

Andrology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Abstract Germline de novo mutations (DNMs) refer to spontaneous arising during gametogenesis, resulting in genetic changes within germ cells that are subsequently transmitted the next generation. While impact of maternal exposures on germline DNMs has been extensively studied, more recent studies have begun highlight increasing importance effects paternal factors. In this review, we summarized existing literature how various experienced by fathers affect DNM burden their spermatozoa, as well consequences for semen analysis parameters, pregnancy outcomes, and offspring health. A growing body supports conclusion advanced age (APA) correlates with a higher rate offspring. Furthermore, lifestyle choices, environmental toxins, assisted reproductive techniques (ART), chemotherapy associated accumulation deleterious outcomes Ultimately, our review highlights clear mode inheritance, current understanding is affected addition, explore conflicting reports or gaps knowledge should be addressed future research.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Nitric oxide and peroxynitrite as new biomarkers for early diagnosis of autism DOI

Abdullah Asif Khan,

Howard D. Dewald

Brain Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 1850, P. 149438 - 149438

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Role of Oxidative Stress in Autism Spectrum Disorder Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment DOI Creative Commons
Aleksandra Kuźniar-Pałka

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 388 - 388

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a significant health problem with no known single cause. There vast number of evidence to suggest that oxidative stress plays an important role in this disorder. The author article reviewed the current literature order summarise knowledge on subject. In paper, investigated context its influence pathogenesis, use biomarkers as diagnostic tools and antioxidants ASD treatment. Given heterogeneity aetiology inadequate treatment approaches, search for common metabolic traits essential find more efficient methods. are increasing data involved pathogenesis ASD, both directly through interplay inflammation mitochondrial dysfunction. Oxidative appear have good potential be used aid early diagnosis ASD. results most promising glutathione derivatives also isoprostanses. Probably, complex dedicated multi-parametric panels may future. Antioxidants show ASD-supportive all described fields, support importance but need further research, especially sample size and, preferably, multicentre approach.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Maternal-infant probiotic transmission mitigates early-life stress-induced autism in mice DOI Creative Commons
Qing Li, Xin Qian,

Huiyue Zhu

et al.

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Autism, a disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, presents significant challenges for prevention treatment. While maternal-infant gut microbiota has been focus in autism research, preventive strategies targeting maternal remain underexplored. This study demonstrates that prenatal probiotic intake can effectively prevent separation-induced autistic-like behaviors offspring without altering the embryonic neurodevelopment mice. Using specific PCR primers cross-fostering experiments, we traced vertical transmission of probiotics, primarily via fecal/vaginal contamination. Early colonization conferred resilience against stress-induced pathogenic microbes Th17-mediated peripheral inflammation while significantly inhibiting hypermyelination neuroinflammation linked to systemic inflammation. Microbial metabolites like tyrosol xanthurenic acid alleviated vitro, though causal relationship among neuroinflammation, hypermyelination, vivo requires further validation. These findings underscore importance window highlight clinical potential interventions.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Association of autism with toxic metals: A systematic review of case-control studies DOI

Cecilia Nwadiuto Amadi,

Chinna N. Orish, Chiara Frazzoli

et al.

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 212, P. 173313 - 173313

Published: Dec. 9, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Lead (Pb)-induced oxidative stress mediates sex-specific autistic-like behaviour in Drosophila melanogaster DOI
Shilpa Olakkaran,

Kizhakke P. Anupama,

Anet Antony

et al.

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 58(12), P. 6378 - 6393

Published: Sept. 15, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Lead (Pb) exposure exacerbates behavioral and immune abnormalities by upregulating Th17 and NF-κB-related signaling in BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J autistic mouse model DOI
Mashal M. Almutairi, Ahmed Nadeem, Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari

et al.

NeuroToxicology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 91, P. 340 - 348

Published: June 26, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE) as a Biomarker for Autistic Spectrum Disease (ASD) DOI Creative Commons
Felician Stancioiu,

Raluca Bogdan,

Radu Dumitrescu

et al.

Life, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 1736 - 1736

Published: Aug. 13, 2023

Autistic spectrum disease (ASD) is an increasingly common diagnosis nowadays with a prevalence of 1–2% in most countries. Its complex causality—a combination genetic, immune, metabolic, and environmental factors—is translated into pleiomorphic developmental disorders various severity, which have two main aspects common: repetitive, restrictive behaviors difficulties social interaction varying from awkward habits verbalization to complete lack interest for the outside world. The wide variety ASD causes also makes it very difficult find denominator—a biomarker medication—and currently, there no commonly used diagnostic therapeutic strategy besides clinical evaluation psychotherapy. In CORDUS study, we administered autologous cord blood kids who had little or improvement after other treatments searched could help predict degree each patient. We found that neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was elevated above normal range (less than 16.3 ng/mL) vast majority tested our study (40 41, 97.5%). This finding opens up new direction confirmation, dynamic evaluation, intervention kids.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Autologous Cord Blood vs Individualized Supplements in Autistic Spectrum Disease – Results of the CORDUS Study DOI Open Access
Felician Stancioiu, Radu Dumitrescu,

Raluca Bogdan

et al.

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Cellular therapies have started an important new therapeutic direction for Autistic Spectrum Disease (ASD), and the ample diversity of ASD pathophysiology different types cell need equally effort studying applicable causes specific benefits via clinical studies.CORDUS Clinical Study is a crossover study in which autologous cord blood was administered intravenously to 56 patients between January 2019 July 2023, has compared its efficacy versus individualized combination supplements; both treatments were sequence all participants. Treatment evaluated pre- post- by independent psychotherapist with ATEC, Q-CHAT 16-item comparative table score, after interviews children’s parents therapists.Cord beneficial group 3–7-year-old children (n=28; 3 out 4 – 78.57% - improved scores), but much less effective kids older than 8 years or body weight more 35 kg 1 10 scores). Individualized supplements efficacious 5 cases 28, while 23 brought improvement 6 registered minor no improvement. Statistically significant improvements seen infusion on areas such as verbalization social interaction, not irritability aggressive behavior; also individual differences noted. No serious adverse reactions noted during supplement administration.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Evaluating the regulatory function of non‐coding autism‐associated single nucleotide polymorphisms on gene expression in human brain tissue DOI Creative Commons
Kealan Pugsley, Atefeh Namipashaki, Mark A. Bellgrove

et al.

Autism Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 467 - 481

Published: Feb. 7, 2024

Common variants account for most of the estimated heritability associated with autism spectrum disorder (autism). Although several replicable single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) condition have been detected using genome-wide association study (GWAS) methodologies, their pathophysiological relevance remains elusive. Examining this is complicated, however, as all loci are situated within non-coding regions genome. It therefore likely that they possess roles regulatory function opposed to directly affecting gene coding sequences. To bridge gap between SNP discovery and mechanistic insight, we applied a comprehensive bioinformatic pipeline functionally annotate autism-associated linkage disequilibrium (i.e., non-randomly associated) partners. We identified 82 DNA probable may contribute pathogenesis. validate these predictions, measured impact 11 high-confidence candidates GWAS partners on expression in human brain tissue from Autistic non-Autistic donors. small number surveyed exhibited measurable influence determined via quantitative polymerase chain reaction, did not survive correction multiple comparisons. Additionally, no significant genotype-by-diagnosis effects were observed any SNP-gene associations. contend reflect an inability effectively capture modest, neurodevelopmental-specific individual biological dysregulation available post-mortem samples, well limitations existing data.

Language: Английский

Citations

2