ME/CFS and Long COVID share similar symptoms and biological abnormalities: road map to the literature

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: June 2, 2023

Some patients remain unwell for months after "recovering" from acute COVID-19. They develop persistent fatigue, cognitive problems, headaches, disrupted sleep, myalgias and arthralgias, post-exertional malaise, orthostatic intolerance other symptoms that greatly interfere with their ability to function can leave some people housebound disabled. The illness (Long COVID) is similar myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) as well persisting illnesses follow a wide variety of infectious agents following major traumatic injury. Together, these are projected cost the U.S. trillions dollars. In this review, we first compare ME/CFS Long COVID, noting considerable similarities few differences. We then in extensive detail underlying pathophysiology two conditions, focusing on abnormalities central autonomic nervous system, lungs, heart, vasculature, immune gut microbiome, energy metabolism redox balance. This comparison highlights how strong evidence each abnormality, illness, helps set priorities future investigation. review provides current road map literature biology both illnesses.

Language: Английский

---

Oxidative Stress in Depression: The Link with the Stress Response, Neuroinflammation, Serotonin, Neurogenesis and Synaptic Plasticity

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 470 - 470

Published: Feb. 13, 2023

Depression is a prevalent, complex, and highly debilitating disease. The full comprehension of this disease still global challenge. Indeed, relapse, recurrency, therapeutic resistance are serious challenges in the fight against depression. Nevertheless, abnormal functioning stress response, inflammatory processes, neurotransmission, neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity known to underlie pathophysiology mental disorder. role oxidative and, particularly, depression widely recognized, being important for both its onset development. excessive generation reactive oxygen species lack efficient antioxidant response trigger processes such as inflammation, neurodegeneration, neuronal death. Keeping mind importance detailed study about cellular molecular mechanisms that present depression, review focuses on link between neuroinflammation, serotonergic pathways, plasticity's imbalances these lead new era treatment knowledge complex

Language: Английский

---

Long COVID prevalence and impact on quality of life 2 years after acute COVID-19

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: July 11, 2023

There has been an increasing interest in the long-term impact of long COVID. However, only a few studies have investigated clinical manifestations COVID after 24 months acute infection. In this study, prospective online surveys were conducted adults previously diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) South Korea between February 13 and March 13, 2020, at 6, 12, COVID-19. We self-reported symptoms EuroQol-5-dimension index. Among 900 individuals enrolled initially, 150 completed all 3 surveys. After excluding cases COVID-19 reinfection, 132 included final analysis. participants, 94 (71.2%) experienced The most frequently reported fatigue (34.8%), amnesia (30.3%), concentration difficulties (24.2%), insomnia (20.5%), depression (19.7%). Notably, no significant differences noted incidence terms number vaccinations received. Although neuropsychiatric quality life improved over time, it continued to affect 32.7% participants. Symptoms COVID, particularly symptoms, tend persist vaccination or received may not significantly

Language: Английский

---

Persistent SARS-CoV-2 Infection, EBV, HHV-6 and Other Factors May Contribute to Inflammation and Autoimmunity in Long COVID

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 400 - 400

Published: Jan. 31, 2023

A novel syndrome called long-haul COVID or long is increasingly recognized in a significant percentage of individuals within few months after infection with SARS-CoV-2. This disorder characterized by wide range persisting, returning even new but related symptoms that involve different tissues and organs, including respiratory, cardiac, vascular, gastrointestinal, musculo-skeletal, neurological, endocrine systemic. Some overlapping symptomatologies exist between myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue (ME/CFS). Very much like ME/CFS, infections herpes family viruses, immune dysregulation, the persistence inflammation have been reported as most common pattern for development COVID. review describes several factors determinants proposed, elaborating mainly on viral persistence, reactivation latent viruses such Epstein–Barr virus human herpesvirus 6 which are also associated pathology superantigen activation system, disturbance gut microbiome, multiple tissue damage autoimmunity. Based these factors, we propose diagnostic strategies measurement IgG IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, EBV, HHV-6, superantigens, microbiota, biomarkers autoimmunity to better understand manage this multi-factorial continues affect millions people world.

Language: Английский

---

Emerging role of the host microbiome in neuropsychiatric disorders: overview and future directions

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(9), P. 3625 - 3637

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Abstract The human body harbors a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, collectively known as the microbiota. Current research is increasingly focusing on potential association between microbiota various neuropsychiatric disorders. resides in parts body, such oral cavity, nasal passages, lungs, gut, skin, bladder, vagina. gut gastrointestinal tract has received particular attention due to its high abundance role psychiatric neurodegenerative However, presents other tissues, though less abundant, also plays crucial immune system homeostasis, thus influencing development progression For example, imbalance associated periodontitis might increase risk for Additionally, studies using postmortem brain samples have detected widespread presence bacteria brains patients with Alzheimer’s disease. This article provides an overview emerging host disorders discusses future directions, underlying biological mechanisms, reliable biomarkers microbiota, microbiota-targeted interventions, this field.

Language: Английский

---

The knowns and unknowns of long COVID-19: from mechanisms to therapeutical approaches

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 4, 2024

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been defined as the greatest global health and socioeconomic crisis of modern times. While most people recover after being infected with virus, a significant proportion them continue to experience issues weeks, months even years acute infection SARS-CoV-2. This persistence clinical symptoms in individuals for at least three onset or emergence new lasting more than two months, without any other explanation alternative diagnosis have named long COVID, long-haul post-COVID-19 conditions, chronic post-acute sequelae (PASC). Long COVID characterized constellation disorders that vary widely their manifestations. Further, mechanisms underlying are not fully understood, which hamper efficient treatment options. review describes predictors common related COVID's effects on central peripheral nervous system organs tissues. Furthermore, transcriptional markers, molecular signaling pathways risk factors such sex, age, pre-existing condition, hospitalization during phase COVID-19, vaccination, lifestyle presented. Finally, recommendations patient rehabilitation management, well therapeutical approaches discussed. Understanding complexity this disease, its across multiple organ systems overlapping pathologies possible paramount developing diagnostic tools treatments.

Language: Английский

---

Lowered Quality of Life in Long COVID Is Predicted by Affective Symptoms, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Inflammation and Neuroimmunotoxic Pathways

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(16), P. 10362 - 10362

Published: Aug. 19, 2022

The physio-affective phenome of Long COVID-19 is predicted by (a) immune-inflammatory biomarkers the acute infectious phase, including peak body temperature (PBT) and oxygen saturation (SpO2), (b) subsequent activation immune oxidative stress pathways during COVID. purpose this study was to delineate effects PBT SpO2 infection, as well increased neurotoxicity on physical, psychological, social environmental domains health-related quality life (HR-QoL) in people with We recruited 86 participants COVID 39 normal controls, assessed WHO-QoL-BREF (World Health Organization Quality Life Instrument-Abridged Version, Geneva, Switzerland) (comprising depression, anxiety fibromyalgia-fatigue rating scales) measured (NT, comprising serum interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18 caspase-1, advanced oxidation protein products myeloperoxidase, calcium insulin resistance) found that 70.3% variance HR-QoL explained regression phenome, lowered NT, whilst 61.5% calcium, PBT, SpO2, female sex vaccination AstraZeneca Pfizer. were mediated NT yielding severity which largely affects HR-QoL. In conclusion, HR-Qol neuro-immune neuro-oxidative

Language: Английский

---

Chronic Fatigue, Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Long COVID Are Strongly Predicted by Neuroimmune and Neuro-Oxidative Pathways Which Are Caused by the Inflammation during Acute Infection

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 511 - 511

Published: Jan. 8, 2023

Long-term coronavirus disease 2019 (long COVID) is associated with physio-somatic (chronic fatigue syndrome and somatic symptoms) affective (depression anxiety) symptoms. The severity of the long COVID physio-affective phenome largely predicted by increased peak body temperature (BT) lowered oxygen saturation (SpO2) during acute infectious phase. This study aims to delineate whether association BT SpO2 phase mediated neurotoxicity (NT) resulting from activated immune-inflammatory oxidative stress pathways.We recruited 86 patients (3-4 months after phase) 39 healthy controls assessed serum C-reactive protein (CRP), caspase 1, interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-18, IL-10, myeloperoxidase (MPO), advanced oxidation products (AOPPs), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), calcium (Ca), as well phase.Cluster analysis revealed that a significant part (34.9%) (n = 30) show highly elevated NT index computed based on IL-1β, CRP, MPO, AOPPs. Partial least squares showed 61.6% variance in could be explained index, Ca, BT/SpO2 prior vaccinations AstraZeneca or Pfizer. most important predictors are AOPPs, MPO.The infection-immune-inflammatory core COVID-19 strongly predicts development symptoms 3-4 later, these effects partly neuro-immune neuro-oxidative pathways.

Language: Английский

---

Tryptophan catabolites, inflammation, and insulin resistance as determinants of chronic fatigue syndrome and affective symptoms in long COVID

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: June 2, 2023

Critical COVID-19 disease is accompanied by depletion of plasma tryptophan (TRY) and increases in indoleamine-dioxygenase (IDO)-stimulated production neuroactive catabolites (TRYCATs), including kynurenine (KYN). The TRYCAT pathway has not been studied extensively association with the physiosomatic affective symptoms Long COVID. In present study, we measured serum TRY, TRYCATs, insulin resistance (using Homeostatic Model Assessment Index 2-insulin resistance, HOMA2-IR), C-reactive protein (CRP), physiosomatic, depression, anxiety 90 COVID patients, 3-10 months after remission acute infection. We were able to construct an endophenotypic class severe (22% patients) very low TRY oxygen saturation (SpO2, during infection), increased kynurenine, KYN/TRY ratio, CRP, high ratings on all symptom domains. One factor could be extracted from (including chronic fatigue-fibromyalgia), symptoms, indicating that domains are manifestations common physio-affective phenome. Three biomarkers (CRP, KYN/TRY, IR) explained around 40% variance latter ratio significantly predicted peak body temperature (PBT) lowered SpO2 validated latent vector three a composite based IR (Long COVID), PBT (acute COVID-19). conclusion, phenome manifestation inflammatory responses COVID, may contribute these effects.

Language: Английский

---

Diagnosis and management of post-COVID (Long COVID) in children: a moving target

Current Opinion in Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(2), P. 184 - 192

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Purpose of review This describes recent findings about post-COVID condition (PCC, or Long COVID) in children, including current knowledge its epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathogenesis and care. Recent There is no internationally agreed definition PCC, although now most researchers agree that it a complex symptomatology persisting for at least 3 months after COVID-19, without an alternative diagnosis. are several uncertainties paediatric PCC. So far, available literature suggest 1–3% recognized children with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome COronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may develop Its unknown, there increasing evidence possible abnormalities the immune responses, cellular metabolism intestinal microbiota, along chronic endothelitis. Summary Management PCC require multidisciplinary approach, goal offering best care to support diagnostics, research, mental health access research projects.

Language: Английский

---