ACS Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(9), P. 1758 - 1814
Published: Aug. 8, 2022
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible and virulent human-infecting that emerged in late December 2019 Wuhan, China, causing disease called (COVID-19), which has massively impacted global public health caused widespread disruption to daily life. The crisis by COVID-19 mobilized scientists authorities across the world rapidly improve our knowledge about this devastating disease, shedding light on its management control, spawned development of new countermeasures. Here we provide an overview state art gained last years virus COVID-19, including origin natural reservoir hosts, viral etiology, epidemiology, modes transmission, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, emerging variants, vaccines, highlighting important differences from previously known pathogenic coronaviruses. We also discuss selected key discoveries each topic underline gaps for future investigations.
Language: Английский
Citations
112Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs): molecular mechanisms of induction and applications
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)
Published: April 26, 2024
The induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has transformed in vitro research and holds great promise to advance regenerative medicine. iPSCs have the capacity for an almost unlimited expansion, are amenable genetic engineering, can be differentiated into most somatic types. been widely applied model human development diseases, perform drug screening, develop therapies. In this review, we outline key developments iPSC field highlight immense versatility of modeling therapeutic applications. We begin by discussing pivotal discoveries that revealed potential a nucleus reprogramming led successful generation iPSCs. consider molecular mechanisms dynamics as well numerous methods available induce pluripotency. Subsequently, discuss various iPSC-based cellular models, from mono-cultures single type complex three-dimensional organoids, how these models elucidate diseases. use examples neurological disorders, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), cancer diversity disease-specific phenotypes modeled using iPSC-derived cells. also used high-throughput screening toxicity studies. Finally, process developing autologous allogeneic therapies their alleviate
Language: Английский
Citations
77COVID‐19 immunopathology: From acute diseases to chronic sequelae
Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 95(1)
Published: Sept. 3, 2022
The clinical manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mainly targets the lung as a primary affected organ, which is also critical site immune cell activation by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, recent reports suggest involvement extrapulmonary tissues in COVID-19 pathology. interplay both innate and adaptive responses key to management. As result, robust response provides first line defense, concomitantly, immunity neutralizes infection builds memory for long-term protection. dysregulated immunity, adaptive, can skew towards immunopathology chronic cases. Here we have summarized some findings that provide insight into caused SARS-CoV-2, post-acute Finally, further discuss immunomodulatory drugs preclinical trials dampening COVID-19.
Language: Английский
Citations
46Incidence of new-onset hypertension before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a 7-year longitudinal cohort study in a large population
BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)
Published: March 19, 2024
Abstract Background While the augmented incidence of diabetes after COVID-19 has been widely confirmed, controversial results are available on risk developing hypertension during pandemic. Methods We designed a longitudinal cohort study to analyze closed followed up over 7-year period, i.e., 3 years before and pandemic, 2023, when pandemic was declared be over. analyzed medical records more than 200,000 adults obtained from cooperative primary physicians January 1, 2017, December 31, 2023. The main outcome new diagnosis hypertension. Results evaluated 202,163 individuals in pre-pandemic 190,743 years, totaling 206,857 including 2023 data. rate 2.11 (95% C.I. 2.08–2.15) per 100 person-years 2017–2019, increasing 5.20 5.14–5.26) period 2020–2022 (RR = 2.46), 6.76 6.64–6.88) marked difference trends between first two successive observation periods substantiated by fitted regression lines Poisson models conducted monthly log-incidence Conclusions detected significant increase new-onset which at end affected ~ 20% studied cohort, percentage higher infection within same time frame. This suggests that increased attention screening should not limited who aware having contracted but extended entire population.
Language: Английский
Citations
15Incidence and management of the main serious adverse events reported after
Pharmacology Research & Perspectives, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(3)
Published: June 1, 2024
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2n first appeared in Wuhan, China 2019. Soon after, it was declared a pandemic World Health Organization. The health crisis imposed new virus and its rapid spread worldwide prompted fast development of vaccines. For time human history, two vaccines based on recombinant genetic material technology were approved for use. These mRNA applied massive immunization programs around world, followed other more traditional approaches. Even though all tested clinical trials prior to their general administration, serious adverse events, usually very low incidence, mostly identified after application millions doses. Establishing direct correlation (the cause-effect paradigm) between vaccination appearance effects has proven challenging. This review focuses main observed vaccination, including anaphylaxis, myocarditis, vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia, Guillain-Barré syndrome, transverse myelitis reported context COVID-19 vaccination. We highlight symptoms, laboratory tests required an adequate diagnosis, briefly outline recommended treatments these effects. aim this work is increase awareness among healthcare personnel about events that may arise post-vaccination. Regardless ongoing discussion safety must be promptly treated effectively reduce risk complications.
Language: Английский
Citations
9Medicinal Herbs in the Relief of Neurological, Cardiovascular, and Respiratory Symptoms after COVID-19 Infection A Literature Review
Cells, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(12), P. 1897 - 1897
Published: June 11, 2022
COVID-19 infection causes complications, even in people who have had a mild course of the disease. The most dangerous seem to be neurological ailments: anxiety, depression, mixed anxiety–depressive (MAD) syndromes, and irreversible dementia. These conditions can negatively affect respiratory system, circulatory heart functioning. We believe that phytotherapy helpful all these conditions. Clinical trials confirm this possibility. work presents plant materials (Valeriana officinalis, Melissa Passiflora incarnata, Piper methysticum, Humulus lupulus, Ballota nigra, Hypericum perforatum, Rhodiola rosea, Lavandula Paullinia cupana, Ginkgo biloba, Murraya koenigii, Crataegus monogyna oxyacantha, Hedera helix, Polygala senega, Pelargonium sidoides, Lichen islandicus, Plantago lanceolata) their dominant compounds (valeranon, valtrate, apigenin, citronellal, isovitexin, isoorientin, methysticin, humulone, farnesene, acteoside, hypericin, hyperforin, biapigenin, rosavidin, salidroside, linalool acetate, linalool, caffeine, ginkgolide, bilobalide, mihanimbine, epicatechin, hederacoside C,α-hederine, presegenin, umckalin, 6,7,8-trixydroxybenzopyranone disulfate, fumaroprotocetric acid, protolichesteric aucubin, acteoside) responsible for activity. It also shows possibility reducing post-COVID-19 neurological, respiratory, cardiovascular which functioning nervous system.
Language: Английский
Citations
38Endothelial Dysfunction in COVID-19: Potential Mechanisms and Possible Therapeutic Options
Life, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 1605 - 1605
Published: Oct. 14, 2022
SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus found in Wuhan (China) at the end of 2019, is etiological agent current pandemic that heterogeneous disease, named disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 affects primarily lungs, but it can induce multi-organ involvement such as acute myocardial injury, myocarditis, thromboembolic eventsandrenal failure. Hypertension, chronic kidney diabetes mellitus and obesity increase risk severe complications COVID-19. There no certain explanation for this systemic COVID-19 involvement, could be related to endothelial dysfunction, due direct (endothelial cells are infected by virus) indirect damage (systemic inflammation) factors. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), expressed human endothelium, has fundamental role respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In fact, ACE2 used receptor leading downregulation these receptors on cells; once inside, virus reduces integrity tissue, with exposure prothrombotic molecules, platelet adhesion, activation coagulation cascades and, consequently, vascular damage. Systemic microangiopathy thromboembolism lead failure an elevated death. Considering crucial immunological response developing form COVID-19, review, we will attempt clarify underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
Language: Английский
Citations
37Natural tannins as anti-SARS-CoV-2 compounds
International Journal of Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(12), P. 4669 - 4676
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Tannins are polyphenols enriched in wood, bark, roots, leaves, seeds and fruits of a variety plants.Over the last two decades, there has been an increasing interest understanding biological functions tannins their applications as antioxidants, anticancer drugs, food additives.Since outbreak COVID-19 pandemic, much effort devoted to finding expedient cure.Tannins have put forward having possible anti-COVID-19 properties; however, owing profuse nature structurally diverse derivatives tannins, tannin species family associated with indication poorly defined, compounded by frequent terminology misnomers.This article reviews current knowledge about activities compounds regard severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).It will aid molecular cellular biologists developing natural anti-viral chemicals means overcoming future pandemics.
Language: Английский
Citations
35The SARS-CoV-2 S1 Spike Protein Promotes MAPK and NF-kB Activation in Human Lung Cells and Inflammatory Cytokine Production in Human Lung and Intestinal Epithelial Cells
Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(10), P. 1996 - 1996
Published: Oct. 10, 2022
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic began in January 2020 Wuhan, China, with a new designated SARS-CoV-2. principal cause of death from COVID-19 quickly emerged as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A key ARDS pathogenic mechanism is the "Cytokine Storm", which dramatic increase inflammatory cytokines blood. In last two years pandemic, pathology has some survivors, variety long-term symptoms occur, condition called post-acute sequelae (PASC) or "Long COVID". Therefore, there an urgent need to better understand mechanisms virus. spike protein on surface virus composed joined S1-S2 subunits. Upon S1 binding ACE2 receptor human cells, subunit cleaved and S2 mediates entry then released into blood, might be one pivotal triggers for initiation and/or perpetuation cytokine storm. this study, we tested hypothesis that sufficient activate signaling production, independent Our data support possible role activation production lung intestinal epithelial cells culture. These potential SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis PASC.
Language: Английский
Citations
33Role of Wearable Sensing Technology to Manage Long COVID
Biosensors, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 62 - 62
Published: Dec. 31, 2022
Long COVID consequences have changed the perception towards disease management, and it is moving personal healthcare monitoring. In this regard, wearable devices revolutionized sector to track monitor physiological parameters of human body continuously. This would be largely beneficial for early detection (asymptomatic pre-symptomatic cases COVID-19), live patient conditions, long monitoring (COVID recovered patients healthy individuals) better COVID-19 management. There are multitude that can observe various remotely self-monitoring mode individuals. Smart watches, smart tattoos, rings, facemasks, nano-patches, etc., emerged as key parameters, such temperature, respiration rate, heart oxygen level, etc. review includes challenges frequent biometrics its possible solution with device technologies diagnosis post-therapy diseases.
Language: Английский
Citations
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