Translational Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Feb. 14, 2025
A
longed
lack
of
control
over
harmful
stimuli
can
lead
to
learned
helplessness
(LH),
a
significant
factor
in
depression.
However,
the
cellular
and
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
LH,
eventually
behavioral
despair,
remain
largely
unknown.
The
deleted
colorectal
cancer
(dcc)
gene
is
associated
with
risk
therapeutic
potential
regulation
mechanism
DCC
despair
are
still
uncertain.
In
this
study,
we
showed
that
depressive
stimulators,
including
lipopolysaccharide,
unpredictable
chronic
mild
stress,
triggered
an
elevation
expression
medial
prefrontal
cortex
(mPFC).
Additionally,
elevated
mPFC
was
crucial
inducing
as
evidenced
by
induction
normal
mice
exacerbation
LH
upon
overexpression.
By
contrast,
neutralizing
activity
ameliorated
LH-induced
despair.
Importantly,
elucidated
pathological
attributable
excessive
excitation
CaMKII+
neurons
manner
dependent
on
calpain-mediated
degradation
SCOP
aberrant
phosphorylation
ERK
signaling
pathway.
addition,
increase
led
decreased
excitability
threshold
mPFC,
which
supported
observation
ligand
netrin
1
increased
frequency
action
firing
spontaneous
excitatory
postsynaptic
currents
neurons.
conclusion,
our
data
indicate
triggers
activation
calpain-SCOP/ERK
promote
expression,
represents
target
for
treatment
male
mice.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
20(19), P. 4827 - 4827
Published: Sept. 28, 2019
Depression
has
become
one
of
the
most
severe
psychiatric
disorders
and
endangers
health
living
beings
all
over
world.
In
order
to
explore
molecular
mechanism
that
underlies
depression,
different
kinds
animal
models
depression
are
used
in
laboratory
experiments.
However,
a
credible
reasonable
model
is
capable
imitating
pathologic
mankind
yet
be
found,
resulting
barrier
further
investigation
depression.
Nevertheless,
it
possible
explain
great
extent
by
rational
modeling
method
behavioral
testing.
This
review
aims
provide
reference
for
researchers
comparing
advantages
disadvantages
some
common
models.
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
150, P. 113030 - 113030
Published: April 26, 2022
Depression
is
a
common
neuropsychiatric
disorder
characterized
by
persistent
depressed
mood
and
causes
serious
socioeconomic
burden
worldwide.
Hyperactivity
of
the
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
(HPA)
axis,
deficiency
monoamine
transmitters,
neuroinflammation
abnormalities
gut
flora
are
strongly
associated
with
onset
depression.
The
cyclic
AMP
(cAMP)/protein
kinase
A
(PKA)
cascade,
major
cross-species
cellular
signaling
pathway,
supposed
as
important
player
regulator
depression
controlling
synaptic
plasticity,
cytokinesis,
transcriptional
regulation
HPA
axis.
In
central
nervous
system,
cAMP-PKA
cascade
can
dynamically
shape
neural
circuits
enhancing
affect
K+
channels
phosphorylating
Kir4.1,
thereby
regulating
neuronal
excitation.
reduction
affects
excitation
well
ultimately
leading
to
pathological
outcome
depression,
while
activation
would
provide
rapid
antidepressant
effect.
this
review,
we
proposed
reconsider
function
especially
in
Local
or
indirect
PKA
through
adjusting
anchor
proteins
new
idea
for
acute
treatment
Translational Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: June 12, 2023
Abstract
Major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
is
a
highly
heterogeneous
psychiatric
disorder.
The
pathogenesis
of
MDD
remained
unclear,
and
it
may
be
associated
with
exposure
to
different
stressors.
Most
previous
studies
have
focused
on
molecular
changes
in
single
stress-induced
depression
model,
which
limited
the
identification
MDD.
depressive-like
behaviors
were
induced
by
four
well-validated
stress
models
rats,
including
chronic
unpredictable
mild
stress,
learned
helplessness
restraint
social
defeat
stress.
We
applied
proteomic
metabolomic
investigate
hippocampus
those
revealed
529
proteins
98
metabolites.
Ingenuity
Pathways
Analysis
(IPA)
Kyoto
Encyclopedia
Genes
Genomes
(KEGG)
analysis
identified
differentially
regulated
canonical
pathways,
then
we
presented
schematic
model
that
simulates
AKT
MAPK
signaling
pathways
network
their
interactions
cascade
reactions.
Further,
western
blot
confirmed
p-AKT,
p-ERK12,
GluA1,
p-MEK1,
p-MEK2,
p-P38,
Syn1,
TrkB,
changed
at
least
one
model.
Importantly,
p-MEK1
p-P38
as
common
alterations
models.
level
caused
stressors
dramatically
different,
even
opposite,
between
However,
converge
pathway.
Further
these
could
contribute
better
understanding
depression,
ultimate
goal
helping
develop
or
select
more
effective
treatment
strategies
for