Frontiers in Physiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: July 12, 2024
Perivascular
adipose
tissue
(PVAT)
regulates
vascular
function
due
to
its
capacity
synthesize
vasoactive
products
and
mechanical
properties.
PVATs
most
abundant
cells
are
adipocytes,
their
populations
maintained
by
the
maturation
of
adipocyte
progenitor
(APC),
which
may
play
a
pivotal
role
in
pathogenesis
cardiovascular
diseases.
However,
distribution
APC
within
PVAT
depots,
potential
variation
spatial
location,
influence
sex
age
on
abundance
remain
unknown.
We
hypothesize
that
is
affected
age,
subtypes
have
specific
distributions.
from
thoracic
abdominal
aorta,
mesenteric
arteries,
AT
interscapular,
gonadal,
subcutaneous
depots
13-week
30-week-old
females
males
Pdgfrα-CreERT2
x
LSL-tdTomato
mice
(n
=
28)
were
analyzed.
Abdominal
aorta
had
fewer
progenitors
than
gonadal
AT.
Aging
reduced
but
increased
numbers
PVAT.
Females
more
depots.
exhibited
unique
where
they
localized
neighboring
vasa
vasorum
arteries.
(APC1,
APC2,
APC3,
diff
APC)
identified
all
Thoracic
APC3
located
adventitia
while
parenchyma.
This
study
variability
based
depot,
sex.
The
distinctive
presence
diverse
suggest
contribute
differently
diseases-induced
remodeling.
Nutrients,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(15), P. 3445 - 3445
Published: Aug. 4, 2023
Obesity
is
a
metabolic
state
generated
by
the
expansion
of
adipose
tissue.
Adipose
tissue
depends
on
interplay
between
hyperplasia
and
hypertrophy,
mainly
regulated
complex
interaction
genetics
excess
energy
intake.
However,
genetic
regulation
yet
to
be
fully
understood.
can
divided
into
common
multifactorial/polygenic
obesity
monogenic
obesity,
non-syndromic
syndromic.
Several
genes
related
were
found
through
studies
models.
syndromic
characterized
additional
features
other
than
suggesting
more
global
role
mutant
syndrome
and,
thus,
an
peripheral
influence
development
hardly
studied
date
in
this
regard.
This
review
summarizes
present
knowledge
regarding
hypertrophy
adipocytes
obesity.
Additionally,
we
highlight
scarce
research
as
model
for
studying
adipocyte
focusing
Bardet–Biedl
(BBS).
BBS
involves
central
mechanisms,
with
molecular
mechanistic
alternation
hypertrophy.
Thus,
argue
that
using
models,
such
BBS,
further
advance
our
Cell Death and Disease,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(6)
Published: June 24, 2024
Abstract
Adipose
tissues
in
the
hypodermis,
crucial
stem
cell
reservoir
skin
and
endocrine
organ
for
maintenance
of
homeostasis
undergo
significant
changes
during
aging.
Dermal
white
adipose
tissue
(dWAT)
has
recently
been
recognized
as
an
important
both
non-metabolic
metabolic
health
regeneration
rejuvenation.
Defective
differentiation,
adipogenesis,
improper
adipocytokine
production,
immunological
dissonance
dysfunction
dWAT
lead
to
age-associated
clinical
changes.
Here,
we
review
age-related
alterations
across
levels,
emphasizing
mechanisms
underlying
regulation
We
also
discuss
pathogenic
involved
fat
unfavorable
consequences
accelerated
aging,
such
chronic
inflammaging,
immunosenescence,
delayed
wound
healing,
fibrosis.
Research
shown
that
aging
is
early
initiation
event
a
potential
target
extending
longevity.
believe
play
essential
role
form
therapeutic
treatment
diseases.
Further
research
needed
improve
our
understanding
this
phenomenon.
Nucleic Acids Research,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
51(W1), P. W319 - W325
Published: May 13, 2023
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs)
are
small
non-coding
RNAs
that
play
a
critical
role
in
regulating
diverse
biological
processes.
Extracting
functional
insights
from
list
of
miRNAs
is
challenging,
as
each
miRNA
can
potentially
interact
with
hundreds
genes.
To
address
this
challenge,
we
developed
miEAA,
flexible
and
comprehensive
enrichment
analysis
tool
based
on
direct
indirect
annotation.
The
latest
release
miEAA
includes
data
warehouse
19
repositories,
covering
10
different
organisms
139
399
categories.
We
have
added
information
the
cellular
context
miRNAs,
isomiRs,
high-confidence
to
improve
accuracy
results.
also
improved
representation
aggregated
results,
including
interactive
Upset
plots
aid
users
understanding
interaction
among
enriched
terms
or
Finally,
demonstrate
functionality
ageing
highlight
importance
carefully
considering
input
list.
MiEAA
free
use
publicly
available
at
https://www.ccb.uni-saarland.de/mieaa/.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Feb. 17, 2023
Adipose
tissue
is
a
widely
distributed
organ
that
plays
critical
role
in
age-related
physiological
dysfunctions
as
an
important
source
of
chronic
sterile
low-grade
inflammation.
undergoes
diverse
changes
during
aging,
including
fat
depot
redistribution,
brown
and
beige
decrease,
functional
decline
adipose
progenitor
stem
cells,
senescent
cell
accumulation,
immune
dysregulation.
Specifically,
inflammaging
common
aged
tissue.
reduces
plasticity
pathologically
contributes
to
adipocyte
hypertrophy,
fibrosis,
ultimately,
dysfunction.
also
diseases,
such
diabetes,
cardiovascular
disease
cancer.
There
increased
infiltration
cells
into
tissue,
these
infiltrating
secrete
proinflammatory
cytokines
chemokines.
Several
molecular
signaling
pathways
mediate
the
process,
JAK/STAT,
NFκB
JNK,
etc.
The
roles
aging
are
complex,
underlying
mechanisms
remain
largely
unclear.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
consequences
causes
We
further
outline
cellular/molecular
propose
potential
therapeutic
targets
alleviate
problems.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(6), P. 5862 - 5862
Published: March 20, 2023
Hematopoietic
stem
cells
(HSCs)
support
haematopoiesis
throughout
life
and
give
rise
to
the
whole
variety
of
immune
system.
Developing
in
early
embryo,
passing
through
precursor
stage,
maturing
into
first
HSCs,
they
undergo
a
fairly
large
number
divisions
while
maintaining
high
regenerative
potential
due
repair
activity.
This
is
greatly
reduced
adult
HSCs.
They
go
state
dormancy
anaerobic
metabolism
maintain
their
stemness
life.
However,
with
age,
changes
occur
pool
HSCs
that
negatively
affect
effectiveness
immunity.
Niche
aging
accumulation
mutations
age
reduces
ability
self-renew
differentiation
potential.
accompanied
by
decrease
clonal
diversity
disturbance
lymphopoiesis
(decrease
formation
naive
T-
B-cells)
predominance
myeloid
haematopoiesis.
Aging
also
affects
mature
cells,
regardless
HSC,
therefore,
phagocytic
activity
intensity
oxidative
burst
decrease,
efficiency
processing
presentation
antigens
impaired.
innate
adaptive
immunity
produce
factors
form
chronic
inflammatory
background.
All
these
processes
have
serious
negative
impact
on
protective
properties
system,
increasing
inflammation,
risk
developing
autoimmune,
oncological,
cardiovascular
diseases
age.
Understanding
mechanisms
reducing
comparative
analysis
embryonic
features
will
allow
us
get
closer
deciphering
programs
for
development,
aging,
regeneration
rejuvenation
GeroScience,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
45(5), P. 2835 - 2850
Published: June 9, 2023
Senolytic
treatment
in
aged
mice
clears
senescent
cell
burden
leading
to
functional
improvements.
However,
less
is
known
regarding
the
effects
of
these
compounds
when
administered
prior
significant
accumulation.
From
4-13
months
age,
C57BL/6
male
and
female
received
monthly
oral
dosing
either
100
mg/kg
Fisetin
or
a
5
Dasatinib
(D)
plus
50
Quercetin
(Q)
cocktail.
During
treatment,
several
aspects
healthy
aging
were
assayed
including
glucose
metabolism
using
an
insulin
tolerance
test,
cognitive
performance
Morris
water
maze
novel
object
recognition,
energy
indirect
calorimetry.
Afterwards,
euthanized
for
plasma,
tissue
specific
markers
senescence-associated
secretory
phenotype
(SASP),
white
adipose
accumulation
(WAT).
Sexually
dimorphic
observed.
treated
had
reduced
SASP,
enhanced
metabolism,
improved
performance,
increased
mRNA
expression
adiponectin
receptor
1
transporter
4.
D
+
Q
minimal
mice,
but
was
detrimental
females
causing
SASP
along
with
WAT
depots.
Reduced
also
noted.
no
effect
potentially
due
slower
rate
biological
aging.
In
summary,
senolytic
young
adulthood,
has
beneficial,
negligible,
dependent
upon
sex
treatment.
These
observations
should
serve
as
note
caution
this
rapidly
evolving
expanding
field
investigation.
Male
once
doses
from
age.
Males
(blue
spheres)
well
(red
flame)
cognition.
Females
adiposity
decreased
performance.
No
observed
males
Q.
Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
17(3), P. 563 - 573
Published: May 17, 2023
Abstract
In
the
last
decades
prevalence
of
obesity
has
increased
dramatically,
and
worldwide
epidemic
related
metabolic
diseases
contributed
to
an
interest
for
adipose
tissue
(AT),
primary
site
storage
lipids,
as
a
metabolically
dynamic
endocrine
organ.
Subcutaneous
AT
is
depot
with
largest
capacity
store
excess
energy
when
its
limit
reached
hypertrophic
obesity,
local
inflammation,
insulin
resistance
ultimately
type
2
diabetes
(T2D)
will
develop.
Hypertrophic
also
associated
dysfunctional
adipogenesis,
depending
on
inability
recruit
differentiate
new
mature
cells.
Lately,
cellular
senescence
(CS),
aging
mechanism
defined
irreversible
growth
arrest
that
occurs
in
response
various
stressors,
such
telomere
shortening,
DNA
damage
oxidative
stress,
gained
lot
attention
regulator
tissues
aging-associated
conditions.
The
abundance
senescent
cells
increases
not
only
but
independent
age.
Senescent
characterized
by
cells,
decreased
sensitivity
lipid
storage.
resident
progenitor
(APC),
non-proliferating
microvascular
endothelial
are
affected
burden.
Dysfunctional
APC
have
both
impaired
adipogenic
proliferative
capacity.
Interestingly,
human
from
obese
hyperinsulinemic
individuals
been
shown
re-enter
cell
cycle
senesce,
which
indicates
endoreplication.
CS
was
found
be
more
pronounced
T2D
individuals,
compared
matched
non-diabetic
Graphical
abstract
Factors
