Recent Innovations in Bacterial Infection Detection and Treatment

ACS Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(4), P. 695 - 720

Published: March 18, 2021

Bacterial infections are a major threat to human health, exacerbated by increasing antibiotic resistance. These can result in tremendous morbidity and mortality, emphasizing the need identify treat pathogenic bacteria quickly effectively. Recent developments detection methods have focused on electrochemical, optical, mass-based biosensors. Advances these systems include implementing multifunctional materials, microfluidic sampling, portable data-processing improve sensitivity, specificity, ease of operation. Concurrently, advances antibacterial treatment largely targeted responsive delivery for both antibiotics alternatives. Antibiotic alternatives described here repurposed drugs, antimicrobial peptides polymers, nucleic acids, small molecules, living systems, bacteriophages. Finally, closed-loop therapies combining fields treatment. This review provides comprehensive summary current trends bacterial infections.

Language: Английский

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Mesenchymal Stem Cell‐Derived Extracellular Vesicles with High PD‐L1 Expression for Autoimmune Diseases Treatment

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 34(1)

Published: Oct. 8, 2021

Autoimmune diseases are the third most common disease influencing quality of life many patients. Here, a programmed cell death-ligand 1 + (PD-L1) mesenchymal stem (MSC) derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEVs-PD-L1) using lentivirus-mediated gene transfection technology is developed for reconfiguration local immune microenvironment affected tissue in autoimmune diseases. MSC-sEVs-PD-L1 exhibits an impressive ability to regulate various activated cells immunosuppressed state vitro. More importantly, dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) and imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse models, significantly high accumulation observed inflamed tissues compared PD-L1+ MSCs. Therapeutic efficiency both UC models demonstrated reshape inflammatory ecosystem context. A as natural delivery platform treatment with clinical potential.

Language: Английский

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Medicinal Plants and Isolated Molecules Demonstrating Immunomodulation Activity as Potential Alternative Therapies for Viral Diseases Including COVID-19

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 13, 2021

Plants have been extensively studied since ancient times and numerous important chemical constituents with tremendous therapeutic potential are identified. Attacks of microorganisms including viruses bacteria can be counteracted an efficient immune system therefore, stimulation body's defense mechanism against infections has proven to effective approach. Polysaccharides, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, lactones the phytochemicals, reported primarily responsible for immunomodulation activity plants. These phytochemicals may act as lead molecules development safe immunomodulators remedies prevention cure viral diseases. Natural products known modulate in nonspecific ways. A number plant-based principles identified isolated which justify their use traditional folklore medicine form basis further specified research. The aim current review is describe highlight certain plants along bioactive constituents. Relevant literatures recent years were searched from commonly employed scientific databases on ethnopharmacological use. Most displaying considerable summarized possible mechanisms. discussions shall hopefully elicit attention researchers encourage studies these therapy management infectious diseases, ones such COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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The use of supercytokines, immunocytokines, engager cytokines, and other synthetic cytokines in immunotherapy

Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(2), P. 192 - 209

Published: Jan. 4, 2022

Language: Английский

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A systematic review of natural products for skin applications: Targeting inflammation, wound healing, and photo-aging

Phytomedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 115, P. 154824 - 154824

Published: April 19, 2023

Every day the skin is constantly exposed to several harmful factors that induce oxidative stress. When cells are incapable maintain balance between antioxidant defenses and reactive oxygen species, no longer can keep its integrity homeostasis. Chronic inflammation, premature aging, tissue damage, immunosuppression possible consequences induced by sustained exposure environmental endogenous species. Skin immune non-immune together with microbiome essential efficiently trigger responses For this reason, an ever-increasing demand for novel molecules capable of modulating functions in has risen level their development, particularly field natural product-derived molecules. In review, we explore different classes showed evidence modulate responses, as well target receptors signaling pathways. Moreover, describe role polyphenols, polysaccharides, fatty acids, peptides, probiotics treatments conditions, including wound healing, infection, allergies, aging. Literature was searched, analyzed, collected using databases, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar. The search terms used included "Skin", "wound healing", "natural products", "skin microbiome", "immunomodulation", "anti-inflammatory", "antioxidant", "infection", "UV radiation", "polyphenols", "polysaccharides", "fatty acids", "plant oils", "peptides", "antimicrobial peptides", "probiotics", "atopic dermatitis", "psoriasis", "auto-immunity", "dry skin", "aging", etc., combinations these keywords. Natural products offer solutions conditions. Significant anti-inflammatory activities were reported, followed ability skin. Several membrane-bound recognize diverse types natural-derived molecules, promoting improve Despite increasing progress drug discovery, limiting need future clarification. Understanding safety, biological activities, precise mechanisms action a priority characterization active compounds responsible that. This review provides directions studies development new important pharmaceutical cosmeceutical value.

Language: Английский

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Emerging Chemodynamic Nanotherapeutics for Cancer Treatment

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(22)

Published: May 16, 2024

Abstract Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has emerged as a transformative paradigm in the realm of reactive oxygen species ‐mediated cancer therapies, exhibiting its potential sophisticated strategy for precise and effective tumor treatment. CDT primarily relies on metal ions hydrogen peroxide to initiate Fenton or Fenton‐like reactions, generating cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals. Its notable advantages treatment are demonstrated, including specificity, autonomy from external triggers, favorable side‐effect profile. Recent advancements nanomedicine devoted enhancing CDT, promising comprehensive optimization efficacy. This review systematically elucidates cutting‐edge achievements chemodynamic nanotherapeutics, exploring strategies enhanced improved microenvironment modulation, regulation energy metabolism. Moreover, detailed analysis diverse CDT‐mediated combination therapies is provided. Finally, concludes with discussion prospects intrinsic challenges application nanotherapeutics domain

Language: Английский

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Nanobody: A Small Antibody with Big Implications for Tumor Therapeutic Strategy

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: Volume 16, P. 2337 - 2356

Published: March 1, 2021

Abstract: The development of monoclonal antibody treatments for successful tumor-targeted therapies took several decades. However, the efficacy antibody-based therapy is still confined and desperately needs further improvement. Nanobodies are recombinant variable domains heavy-chain-only antibodies, with many unique properties such as small size (∼ 15kDa), excellent solubility, superior stability, ease manufacture, quick clearance from blood, deep tissue penetration, which gain increasing acceptance therapeutical tools considered also building blocks chimeric antigen receptors well targeted drug delivery. Thus, one promising novel developments that may address deficiency utilization nanobodies. This article provides readers significant factors structural biochemical nanobodies research progress on in fields tumor treatment, their application prospect. Keywords: nanobody, delivery, immunotherapy, CAR-T, treatment

Language: Английский

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Bacteriocins: Potential for Human Health

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2021(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Due to the challenges of antibiotic resistance global health, bacteriocins as antimicrobial compounds have received more and attention. Bacteriocins are biosynthesized by various microbes predominantly used food preservatives control foodborne pathogens. Now, increasing researches focused on potential clinical antimicrobials or immune‐modulating agents fight against threat human health. Given broad‐ narrow‐spectrum activity, been reported inhibit a wide range clinically pathogenic multidrug‐resistant bacteria, thus preventing infections caused these bacteria in body. Otherwise, some also show anticancer, anti‐inflammatory, immune‐modulatory activities. Because safety being not easy cause drug resistance, appear better efficacy application prospects than existing therapeutic do. In this review, we highlight activities suggest opportunities for their application.

Language: Английский

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Chimeric antigen receptor- and natural killer cell receptor-engineered innate killer cells in cancer immunotherapy

Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(9), P. 2083 - 2100

Published: July 15, 2021

Language: Английский

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Targeting TIGIT for Immunotherapy of Cancer: Update on Clinical Development

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(9), P. 1277 - 1277

Published: Sept. 21, 2021

Immune checkpoint blockers have dramatically improved the chances of survival in patients with metastatic cancer, but only a subset respond to treatment. Search for novel targets that can improve responder rates and overcome limitations adverse events commonly seen combination therapies, like PD-1 plus CTLA-4 blockade PD-1/PD-L1 chemotherapy, led development monoclonal antibodies blocking T-cell immunoglobulin ITIM domain (TIGIT), inhibitory receptor expressed on activated T cells NK cells. The strategy showed potential pre-clinical early clinical studies, 5 molecules are now advanced stages evaluation (phase II above). This review aims provide an overview anti-TIGIT describes factors considered thought process during development. Critical aspects decide fate programs, such as origin antibody, Ig isotype, FCγR binding, dose well dosing schedule, discussed along summary available efficacy safety data from studies challenges antibodies, identifying who benefit therapy getting payer coverage.

Language: Английский

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