Nanozymes: Classification, Catalytic Mechanisms, Activity Regulation, and Applications

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 119(6), P. 4357 - 4412

Published: Feb. 25, 2019

Because of the high catalytic activities and substrate specificity, natural enzymes have been widely used in industrial, medical, biological fields, etc. Although promising, they often suffer from intrinsic shortcomings such as cost, low operational stability, difficulties recycling. To overcome these shortcomings, researchers devoted to exploration artificial enzyme mimics for a long time. Since discovery ferromagnetic nanoparticles with horseradish peroxidase-like activity 2007, large amount studies on nanozymes constantly emerging next decade. Nanozymes are one kind nanomaterials enzymatic properties. Compared enzymes, advantages stability durability, which fields. A thorough understanding possible mechanisms will contribute development novel high-efficient nanozymes, rational regulations great significance. In this review, we systematically introduce classification, mechanism, regulation well recent research progress field biosensing, environmental protection, disease treatments, past years. We also propose current challenges their future focus. anticipate review may be significance understand properties mimicking activities.

Language: Английский

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Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Based Nanomedicine

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 119(8), P. 4881 - 4985

Published: April 11, 2019

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an essential role in regulating various physiological functions of living organisms. The intrinsic biochemical properties ROS, which underlie the mechanisms necessary for growth, fitness, or aging organisms, have been driving researchers to take full advantage these active chemical contributing medical advances. Thanks remarkable advances nanotechnology, great varieties nanomaterials with unique ROS-regulating explored guide temporospatial dynamic behaviors ROS biological milieu, contributes emergence a new-generation therapeutic methodology, i.e., nanomaterial-guided vivo evolution therapy. interdependent relationship between and their corresponding chemistry, biology, nanotherapy leads us propose concept "ROS science", is believed be emerging scientific discipline that studies mechanisms, effects, nanotherapeutic applications ROS. In this review, state-of-art concerning recent progresses on ROS-based nanotherapies summarized detail, emphasis underlying material chemistry by are generated scavenged improved outcomes. Furthermore, key issues cross-disciplinary fields also discussed, aiming unlock innate powers optimized efficacies. We expect our demonstration evolving field will beneficial further development fundamental researches clinical applications.

Language: Английский

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Synthesis of Copper Peroxide Nanodots for H₂O₂ Self-Supplying Chemodynamic Therapy

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 141(25), P. 9937 - 9945

Published: June 2, 2019

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) employs Fenton catalysts to kill cancer cells by converting intracellular H2O2 into hydroxyl radical (•OH), but endogenous is insufficient achieve satisfactory anticancer efficacy. Despite tremendous efforts, engineering CDT agents with specific and efficient self-supplying ability remains a great challenge. Here, we report the fabrication of copper peroxide (CP) nanodot, which first example Fenton-type metal nanomaterial, its use as an activatable agent for enhanced H2O2. The CP nanodots were prepared through coordination Cu2+ aid hydroxide ion, could be reversed acid treatment. After endocytosis tumor cells, acidic environment endo/lysosomes accelerated dissociation nanodots, allowing simultaneous release catalytic accompanied reaction between them. resulting •OH induced lysosomal membrane permeabilization lipid peroxidation thus caused cell death via lysosome-associated pathway. In addition pH-dependent generation property, small particle size showed high accumulation after intravenous administration, enabled effective growth inhibition minimal side effects in vivo. Our work not only provides paradigm fabricating nanomaterials, also presents new strategy improve

Language: Английский

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Nanocatalytic Medicine

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 31(39)

Published: July 22, 2019

Abstract Catalysis and medicine are often considered as two independent research fields with their own respective scientific phenomena. Promoted by recent advances in nanochemistry, large numbers of nanocatalysts, such nanozymes, photocatalysts, electrocatalysts, have been applied vivo to initiate catalytic reactions modulate biological microenvironments for generating therapeutic effects. The rapid growth biomedical applications nanocatalysts has led the concept “nanocatalytic medicine,” which is expected promote further advance a subdiscipline nanomedicine. high efficiency selectivity catalysis that chemists strived achieve past century can be ingeniously translated into efficacy mitigated side effects theranostics using medicine” steer optimized outcomes. Here, rationale behind construction nanocatalytic eludicated based on essential reaction factors (catalysts, energy input, reactant). Recent this burgeoning field then comprehensively presented mechanisms nanosystems conferred theranostic functions discussed detail. It believed an emerging modality will play more important role

Language: Английский

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Chemodynamic Therapy via Fenton and Fenton‐Like Nanomaterials: Strategies and Recent Advances

Small, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(6)

Published: Nov. 2, 2021

Abstract Chemodynamic therapy (CDT), a novel cancer therapeutic strategy defined as the treatment using Fenton or Fenton‐like reaction to produce •OH in tumor region, was first proposed by Bu, Shi, and co‐workers 2016. Recently, with rapid development of nanomaterials, CDT has attracted tremendous attention because its unique advantages: 1) It is tumor‐selective low side effects; 2) process does not depend on external field stimulation; 3) it can modulate hypoxic immunosuppressive microenvironment; 4) cost low. In addition Fe‐involved strategies, reaction‐mediated strategies have also been proposed, which are based many other metal elements including copper, manganese, cobalt, titanium, vanadium, palladium, silver, molybdenum, ruthenium, tungsten, cerium, zinc. Moreover, combined therapies like chemotherapy, radiotherapy, phototherapy, sonodynamic therapy, immunotherapy for achieving enhanced anticancer effects. Besides, there studies that extend application antibacterial field. This review introduces latest advancements nanomaterials‐involved from 2018 present proposes current limitations well future research directions related

Language: Английский

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Manganese Oxide Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, and Theranostic Applications

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 32(10)

Published: Jan. 28, 2020

Abstract Despite the comprehensive applications in bioimaging, biosensing, drug/gene delivery, and tumor therapy of manganese oxide nanomaterials (MONs including MnO 2 , MnO, Mn O 3 4 x ) their derivatives, a review article focusing on MON‐based nanoplatforms has not been reported yet. Herein, representative progresses MONs synthesis, heterogene, properties, surface modification, toxicity, imaging, biodetection, are mainly introduced. First, five kinds primary synthetic methods presented, thermal decomposition method, exfoliation strategy, permanganates reduction adsorption–oxidation hydro/solvothermal. Second, preparations hollow composite materials summarized specially. Then, chemical toxicity discussed. Next, diagnostic imaging sensing outlined. Finally, some rational designs photodynamic therapy, photothermal chemodynamic sonodynamic radiotherapy, magnetic hyperthermia, chemotherapy, gene starvation ferroptosis, immunotherapy, various combination highlighted.

Language: Английский

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A Review on Metal- and Metal Oxide-Based Nanozymes: Properties, Mechanisms, and Applications

Nano-Micro Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: July 9, 2021

Since the ferromagnetic (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were firstly reported to exert enzyme-like activity in 2007, extensive research progress nanozymes has been made with deep investigation of diverse and rapid development related nanotechnologies. As promising alternatives for natural enzymes, have broadened way toward clinical medicine, food safety, environmental monitoring, chemical production. The past decade witnessed metal- metal oxide-based owing their remarkable physicochemical properties parallel low cost, high stability, easy storage. It is widely known that study catalytic activities mechanism sheds significant influence on applications nanozymes. This review digs into characteristics intrinsic nanozymes, especially emphasizing recent biological analysis, relieving inflammation, antibacterial, cancer therapy. We also conclude present challenges provide insights future constituted oxide nanomaterials.

Language: Английский

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Integrated cascade nanozyme catalyzes in vivo ROS scavenging for anti-inflammatory therapy

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(29)

Published: July 17, 2020

Here, an integrated cascade nanozyme with a formulation of Pt@PCN222-Mn is developed to eliminate excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). This mimics superoxide dismutase by incorporation Mn-[5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrinato]-based metal-organic framework compound capable transforming radicals hydrogen peroxide. The second mimicked functionality that catalase Pt nanoparticles, which catalyze peroxide disproportionation water and oxygen. Both in vitro vivo experimental measurements reveal the synergistic ROS-scavenging capacity such nanozyme. Two forms inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; i.e., ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease) can be effectively relieved treatment study not only provides new method for constructing enzyme-like systems but also illustrates their efficient therapeutic promise IBDs.

Language: Английский

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A Nanozyme with Photo‐Enhanced Dual Enzyme‐Like Activities for Deep Pancreatic Cancer Therapy

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 58(36), P. 12624 - 12631

Published: June 25, 2019

Abstract Nanozymes have attracted extensive interest owing to their high stability, low cost and easy preparation, especially in the field of cancer therapy. However, relatively catalytic activity nanozymes tumor microenvironment (TME) has limited applications. Herein, we report a novel nanozyme (PtFe@Fe 3 O 4 ) with dual enzyme‐like activities for highly efficient PtFe@Fe shows intrinsic photothermal effect as well photo‐enhanced peroxidase‐like catalase‐like acidic TME, thereby effectively killing cells overcoming hypoxia. Importantly, possible synergistic mechanism was first disclosed. We believe that this work will advance development

Language: Английский

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Nanocatalysts‐Augmented and Photothermal‐Enhanced Tumor‐Specific Sequential Nanocatalytic Therapy in Both NIR‐I and NIR‐II Biowindows

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 31(5)

Published: Dec. 9, 2018

Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME) has been increasingly recognized as a crucial contributor to tumorigenesis. Based on the unique TME for achieving tumor‐specific therapy, here novel concept of photothermal‐enhanced sequential nanocatalytic therapy in both NIR‐I and NIR‐II biowindows is proposed, which innovatively changes condition Fenton reaction production highly efficient hydroxyl radicals (•OH) consequently suppressing growth. Evidence suggests that glucose plays vital role powering cancer progression. Encouraged by oxidation gluconic acid H 2 O oxidase (GOD), an Fe 3 4 /GOD‐functionalized polypyrrole (PPy)‐based composite nanocatalyst constructed achieve diagnostic imaging‐guided, photothermal‐enhanced, TME‐specific therapy. consumption intratumoral GOD leads situ elevation level, integrated component then catalyzes into toxic •OH efficiently induce cancer‐cell death. Importantly, high photothermal‐conversion efficiency (66.4% biowindow) PPy elevates local temperature substaintially accelerate improve disproportionation degree enhancing nanocatalytic‐therapeutic efficacy, successfully achieves remarkable synergistic anticancer outcome with minimal side effects.

Language: Английский

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