Aging and aging-related diseases: from molecular mechanisms to interventions and treatments

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

Aging is a gradual and irreversible pathophysiological process. It presents with declines in tissue cell functions significant increases the risks of various aging-related diseases, including neurodegenerative cardiovascular metabolic musculoskeletal immune system diseases. Although development modern medicine has promoted human health greatly extended life expectancy, aging society, variety chronic diseases have gradually become most important causes disability death elderly individuals. Current research on focuses elucidating how endogenous exogenous stresses (such as genomic instability, telomere dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, loss proteostasis, compromise autophagy, mitochondrial cellular senescence, stem exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, deregulated nutrient sensing) participate regulation aging. Furthermore, thorough pathogenesis to identify interventions that promote longevity caloric restriction, microbiota transplantation, nutritional intervention) clinical treatment methods for (depletion senescent cells, therapy, antioxidative anti-inflammatory treatments, hormone replacement therapy) could decrease incidence turn healthy longevity.

Language: Английский

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Cellular senescence and senolytics: the path to the clinic

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(8), P. 1556 - 1568

Published: Aug. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Inflammation and aging: signaling pathways and intervention therapies

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: June 8, 2023

Abstract Aging is characterized by systemic chronic inflammation, which accompanied cellular senescence, immunosenescence, organ dysfunction, and age-related diseases. Given the multidimensional complexity of aging, there an urgent need for a systematic organization inflammaging through dimensionality reduction. Factors secreted senescent cells, known as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), promote inflammation can induce senescence in normal cells. At same time, accelerates immune resulting weakened function inability to clear cells inflammatory factors, creates vicious cycle senescence. Persistently elevated levels organs such bone marrow, liver, lungs cannot be eliminated leading damage aging-related Therefore, has been recognized endogenous factor elimination could potential strategy anti-aging. Here we discuss at molecular, cellular, organ, disease levels, review current aging models, implications cutting-edge single cell technologies, well anti-aging strategies. Since preventing alleviating diseases improving overall quality life are ultimate goals research, our highlights critical features mechanisms along with latest developments future directions providing theoretical foundation novel practical

Language: Английский

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Telomere dysfunction in ageing and age-related diseases

Nature Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 135 - 147

Published: Feb. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Epigenetic regulation of aging: implications for interventions of aging and diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Nov. 7, 2022

Abstract Aging is accompanied by the decline of organismal functions and a series prominent hallmarks, including genetic epigenetic alterations. These aging-associated changes include DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) regulation, all which participate in regulation aging process, hence contribute to aging-related diseases. Therefore, understanding mechanisms will provide new avenues develop strategies delay aging. Indeed, interventions based on manipulating have led alleviation or extension lifespan animal models. Small molecule-based therapies reprogramming that enable rejuvenation been developed for ameliorating reversing conditions. In addition, adopting health-promoting activities, such as caloric restriction, exercise, calibrating circadian rhythm, has demonstrated Furthermore, various clinical trials intervention are ongoing, providing more evidence safety efficacy these therapies. Here, we review recent work outline advances age-associated A better critical roles epigenetics process lead prevention human therapy

Language: Английский

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New opportunities and challenges of natural products research: When target identification meets single-cell multiomics

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 4011 - 4039

Published: Aug. 27, 2022

Language: Английский

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Alzheimer’s disease: Insights and new prospects in disease pathophysiology, biomarkers and disease-modifying drugs

Biochemical Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 211, P. 115522 - 115522

Published: March 28, 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases that affect millions people worldwide, with both prevalence and incidence increasing age. It characterized by cognitive decline associated, specifically, degeneration cholinergic neurons. The problem this even more fundamental as available therapies remain fairly limited mainly focused on symptoms' relief. Although aetiology remains elusive, two main pathological hallmarks are described: i) presence neurofibrillary tangles formed unfolded protein aggregates (hyperphosphorylated Tau protein) ii) extracellular amyloid-beta peptide. Given complexity surrounding pathogenesis disease, several potential targets have been highlighted interrelated upon its progression, such oxidative stress accumulation metal ions. Thus, advances made development innovative multitarget therapeutical compounds to delay progression restore cell function. This review focuses ongoing research new insights emerging disease-modifying drugs for AD treatment. Furthermore, classical novel biomarkers early diagnosis their role in assisting improvement targeted will also be approached.

Language: Английский

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Failure of cartilage regeneration: emerging hypotheses and related therapeutic strategies

Nature Reviews Rheumatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(7), P. 403 - 416

Published: June 9, 2023

Language: Английский

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Connecting aging biology and inflammation in the omics era

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 132(14)

Published: July 14, 2022

Aging is characterized by the accumulation of damage to macromolecules and cell architecture that triggers a proinflammatory state in blood solid tissues, termed inflammaging. Inflammaging has been implicated pathogenesis many age-associated chronic diseases as well loss physical cognitive function. The search for mechanisms underlie inflammaging focused initially on hallmarks aging, but it rapidly expanding multiple directions. Here, we discuss threads connecting cellular senescence mitochondrial dysfunction impaired mitophagy DNA damage, which may act hub We explore emerging multi-omics efforts aspire define complexity - identify molecular signatures novel targets interventions aimed at counteracting excessive inflammation its deleterious consequences while preserving physiological immune response. Finally, review evidence involved brain aging neurodegenerative diseases. Our goal broaden research agenda with an eye new therapeutic opportunities.

Language: Английский

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Cellular Senescence in Intervertebral Disc Aging and Degeneration: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Opportunities

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 686 - 686

Published: April 18, 2023

Closely associated with aging and age-related disorders, cellular senescence (CS) is the inability of cells to proliferate due accumulated unrepaired damage irreversible cell cycle arrest. Senescent are characterized by their senescence-associated secretory phenotype that overproduces inflammatory catabolic factors hamper normal tissue homeostasis. Chronic accumulation senescent thought be intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) in an population. This IDD one largest age-dependent chronic often neurological dysfunctions such as, low back pain, radiculopathy, myelopathy. (SnCs) increase number aged, degenerated discs, have a causative role driving IDD. review summarizes current evidence supporting CS on onset progression The discussion includes molecular pathways involved as p53-p21CIP1, p16INK4a, NF-κB, MAPK, potential therapeutic value targeting these pathways. We propose several mechanisms including mechanical stress, oxidative genotoxic nutritional deprivation, stress. There still large knowledge gaps research, understanding which will provide opportunities develop interventions treat

Language: Английский

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