Targeted genome-modification tools and their advanced applications in crop breeding

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(9), P. 603 - 622

Published: April 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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Precise fine-turning of GhTFL1 by base editing tools defines ideal cotton plant architecture

Genome biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 26, 2024

CRISPR/Cas-derived base editor enables precise editing of target sites and has been widely used for basic research crop genetic improvement. However, the efficiency editors at different targets varies greatly.

Language: Английский

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Beyond knockouts: fine‐tuning regulation of gene expression in plants with CRISPR‐Cas‐based promoter editing

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 239(3), P. 868 - 874

Published: June 6, 2023

The CRISPR-Cas-based genome editing field in plants is expanding rapidly. Editing plant promoters to obtain cis-regulatory alleles with altered expression levels or patterns of target genes a highly promising topic. However, primarily used CRISPR-Cas9 has significant limitations when noncoding sequences like promoters, which have unique structures and regulatory mechanisms, including A-T richness, repetitive redundancy, difficulty identifying key regions, higher frequency DNA structure, epigenetic modification, protein binding accessibility issues. Researchers urgently require efficient feasible tools strategies address these obstacles, enhance promoter efficiency, increase diversity polymorphism, and, most importantly, enable 'non-silent' events that achieve precise gene regulation. This article provides insights into the challenges references for implementing editing-based research plants.

Language: Английский

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CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing techniques and new breeding strategies in cereals – current status, improvements, and perspectives

Biotechnology Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 69, P. 108248 - 108248

Published: Sept. 2, 2023

Cereal crops, including triticeae species (barley, wheat, rye), as well edible cereals (wheat, corn, rice, oat, rye, sorghum), are significant suppliers for human consumption, livestock feed, and breweries. Over the past half-century, modern varieties of cereal crops with increased yields have contributed to global food security. However, presently cultivated elite crop were developed mainly optimal environmental conditions. Thus, it has become evident that taking into account ongoing climate changes, currently a priority should be given developing new stress-tolerant cultivars. It is necessary enhance accuracy methods time required generate cultivars desired features adapt change keep up world population expansion. The CRISPR/Cas9 system been powerful versatile genome editing tool achieve desirable traits, such high-yielding, stress-tolerant, disease-resistant transgene-free lines in major cereals. Despite recent advances, application faces several challenges, amount develop lines, laboriousness, limited number genotypes may used transformation vitro regeneration. Additionally, through restricted many countries, especially Europe New Zealand, due lack flexibility GMO regulations. This review provides comprehensive update researchers interested improving using gene-editing technologies, CRISPR/Cas9. We will some critical studies on improvements their contributing factors superior technologies.

Language: Английский

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Genome-edited foods

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1(11), P. 799 - 816

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

Language: Английский

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Fine‐tuning rice heading date through multiplex editing of the regulatory regions of key genes by CRISPR‐Cas9

Plant Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(3), P. 751 - 758

Published: Nov. 6, 2023

Summary Heading date (or flowering time) is a key agronomic trait that affects seasonal and regional adaption of rice cultivars. An unoptimized heading can either not achieve high yield or has risk encountering abiotic stresses. There strong demand on the mild to moderate adjusting in breeding practice. Genome editing promising method which allows more precise faster changing rice. However, direct knock out major genes involved regulating will always new germplasm with expected date. It still challenging quantitatively adjust elite cultivars best for broader region. In this study, we used CRISPR‐Cas9 based genome strategy called high‐efficiency multiplex promoter‐targeting (HMP) generate novel alleles at cis‐regulatory regions three genes: Hd1 , Ghd7 DTH8 . We achieved series quantitative variations by promoter expression levels these genes. performed field trials screen adapted lines different regions. successfully expanded an cultivar Ningjing8 (NJ8) higher latitude region selecting line early phenotype escaped from cold stress potential. Our study demonstrates HMP powerful tool expanding

Language: Английский

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The type V effectors for CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome engineering in plants

Biotechnology Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 74, P. 108382 - 108382

Published: May 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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High performance TadA-8e derived cytosine and dual base editors with undetectable off-target effects in plants

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: June 14, 2024

Abstract Cytosine base editors (CBEs) and adenine (ABEs) enable precise C-to-T A-to-G edits. Recently, ABE8e, derived from TadA-8e, enhances edits in mammalian cells plants. Interestingly, TadA-8e can also be evolved to confer editing. This study compares engineered CBEs rice tomato cells, identifying TadCBEa, TadCBEd, TadCBEd_V106W as efficient with high purity a narrow editing window. A dual editor, TadDE, promotes simultaneous Multiplexed TadCBEa TadDE is demonstrated transgenic rice, no off-target effects detected by whole genome transcriptome sequencing, indicating specificity. Finally, two crop engineering applications using are shown: introducing herbicide resistance alleles OsALS creating synonymous mutations OsSPL14 resist OsMIR156 -mediated degradation. Together, this presents editor valuable additions the plant toolbox.

Language: Английский

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Expanding plant genome editing scope and profiles with CRISPR‐FrCas9 systems targeting palindromic TA sites

Plant Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(9), P. 2488 - 2503

Published: May 7, 2024

Summary CRISPR‐Cas9 is widely used for genome editing, but its PAM sequence requirements limit efficiency. In this study, we explore Faecalibaculum rodentium Cas9 (FrCas9) plant especially in rice. FrCas9 recognizes a concise 5′‐NNTA‐3′ PAM, targeting more abundant palindromic TA sites genomes than the 5′‐NGG‐3′ of most popular SpCas9. shows cleavage activities at all tested with editing outcomes sharing same characteristics typical system. induces high‐efficiency targeted mutagenesis stable rice lines, readily generating biallelic mutants expected phenotypes. We augment FrCas9's ability to generate larger deletions through fusion exonuclease, TREX2. TREX2‐FrCas9 generates much without compromise demonstrate as an efficient tool genetic knockout microRNA gene. Furthermore, FrCas9‐derived cytosine base editors (CBEs) and adenine (ABE) are developed produce C‐to‐T A‐to‐G edits plants. Whole‐genome sequencing‐based off‐target analysis suggests that highly specific nuclease. Expression plants, however, causes detectable guide RNA‐independent mutations, mostly single nucleotide variants (SNVs). Together, have established CRISPR‐FrCas9 system mutagenesis, large deletions, The simple motif makes promising plants expanded scope.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances of CRISPR-based genome editing for enhancing staple crops

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

An increasing population, climate change, and diminishing natural resources present severe threats to global food security, with traditional breeding genetic engineering methods often falling short in addressing these rapidly evolving challenges. CRISPR/Cas systems have emerged as revolutionary tools for precise modifications crops, offering significant advancements resilience, yield, nutritional value, particularly staple crops like rice maize. This review highlights the transformative potential of technology, emphasizing recent innovations such prime base editing, development novel CRISPR-associated proteins, which significantly improved specificity, efficiency, scope genome editing agriculture. These enable targeted that enhance tolerance abiotic stresses well biotic stresses. Additionally, plays a crucial role improving crop yield quality by enhancing photosynthetic nutrient uptake, resistance lodging, while also taste, texture, shelf life, content through biofortification. Despite challenges off-target effects, need more efficient delivery methods, ethical regulatory concerns, underscores importance security sustainability It calls continued research integration CRISPR other emerging technologies nanotechnology, synthetic biology, machine learning fully realize its developing resilient, productive, sustainable agricultural systems.

Language: Английский

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