Short chain fatty acids-producing and mucin-degrading intestinal bacteria predict the progression of early Parkinson’s disease

npj Parkinson s Disease, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: June 1, 2022

To elucidate the relevance of gut dysbiosis in Parkinson's disease (PD) progression, we made random forest models to predict progression PD two years by microbiota 165 patients. The area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) microbiota-based for Hoehn & Yahr (HY) stages 1 and 2 were 0.799 0.705, respectively. Similarly, predicted Movement Disorder Society-Unified Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) III scores an early stage with AUROC = 0.728. Decreases short-chain fatty acid-producing genera, Fusicatenibacter, Faecalibacterium, Blautia, as well increase mucin-degrading genus Akkermansia, accelerated progression. four genera remained unchanged PD, indicating that taxonomic changes not consequences patients marked may thus be destined progress faster than those without dysbiosis.

Language: Английский

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Bifidobacterium mechanisms of immune modulation and tolerance

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(2)

Published: Dec. 6, 2023

Bifidobacterium is a widely distributed commensal bacterial genus that displays beneficial pro-homeostatic and anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory properties. Depletion or absence of in humans model organisms associated with autoimmune responses impaired immune homeostasis. At the cellular level, upregulates suppressive regulatory T cells, maintains intestinal barrier function, modulates dendritic cell macrophage activity, dampens Th2 Th17 programs. While there has been large volume literature characterizing probiotic properties various Bifidobacterial species, likely multifactorial mechanisms underlying these effects remain elusive, particular, its tolerogenic effect. However, recent work shed light on surface structural polysaccharide protein elements, as well metabolic products, mediators This review aims to discuss several utilizes for modulation their indirect impact regulation gut microbiome structure from molecules produced metabolites. These are pertinent an increasingly networked understanding tolerance homeostasis health disease.

Language: Английский

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Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Diseases and the Gut-Brain Axis: The Potential of Therapeutic Targeting of the Microbiome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(11), P. 9577 - 9577

Published: May 31, 2023

The human gut microbiome contains the largest number of bacteria in body and has potential to greatly influence metabolism, not only locally but also systemically. There is an established link between a healthy, balanced, diverse overall health. When becomes unbalanced (dysbiosis) through dietary changes, medication use, lifestyle choices, environmental factors, ageing, this profound effect on our health linked many diseases, including metabolic inflammatory neurological diseases. While humans largely association dysbiosis with disease, animal models, causative can be demonstrated. brain particularly important maintaining health, strong neurodegenerative neurodevelopmental This suggests that microbiota composition used make early diagnosis diseases modifying microbiome-gut-brain axis might present therapeutic target for have proved intractable, aim altering trajectory such as Alzheimer's Parkinson's multiple sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity among others. other potentially reversible migraine, post-operative cognitive dysfunction, long COVID, which considered models therapy disease. role traditional methods microbiome, well newer, more novel treatments faecal transplants photobiomodulation, are discussed.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 1001 - 1001

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Neurodegenerative diseases are highly prevalent but poorly understood, and with few treatment options despite decades of intense research, attention has recently shifted toward other mediators neurological disease that may present future targets for therapeutic research. One such mediator is the gut microbiome, which communicates brain through gut-brain axis been implicated in various disorders. Alterations microbiome have associated numerous diseases, restoration dysbiotic shown to improve conditions. method restoring a via fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), recolonizing "diseased" normal microbiome. Fecal traditionally used Clostridium difficile infections, it neurodegenerative research as potential method. This review aims summary FMT, whether or investigate how influences pathogenesis.

Language: Английский

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Impact of the mother's gut microbiota on infant microbiome and brain development

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 150, P. 105195 - 105195

Published: April 24, 2023

Language: Английский

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