Clinical Epigenetics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Oct. 11, 2023
Previous
studies
have
traditionally
attributed
the
initiation
of
cancer
cells
to
genetic
mutations,
considering
them
as
fundamental
drivers
carcinogenesis.
However,
recent
research
has
shed
light
on
crucial
role
epigenomic
alterations
in
various
cell
types
present
within
tumor
microenvironment,
suggesting
their
potential
contribution
formation
and
progression.
Despite
these
significant
findings,
progress
understanding
epigenetic
mechanisms
regulating
heterogeneity
been
impeded
over
past
few
years
due
lack
appropriate
technical
tools
methodologies.The
emergence
single-cell
sequencing
enhanced
our
governing
by
revealing
distinct
layers
individual
(chromatin
accessibility,
DNA/RNA
methylation,
histone
modifications,
nucleosome
localization)
diverse
omics
(transcriptomics,
genomics,
multi-omics)
at
level.
These
technologies
provide
us
with
new
insights
into
molecular
basis
intratumoral
help
uncover
key
events
driving
development.This
paper
provides
a
comprehensive
review
emerging
analytical
experimental
approaches
omics,
focusing
specifically
epigenomics.
capture
integrate
multiple
dimensions
cells,
thereby
features.
Additionally,
this
outlines
future
trends
current
limitations.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(7), P. 1001 - 1001
Published: March 24, 2023
Spheroids
and
organoids
are
important
novel
players
in
medical
life
science
research.
They
gradually
replacing
two-dimensional
(2D)
cell
cultures.
Indeed,
three-dimensional
(3D)
cultures
closer
to
the
vivo
reality
open
promising
perspectives
for
academic
research,
drug
screening,
personalized
medicine.
A
large
variety
of
cells
tissues,
including
tumor
cells,
can
be
starting
material
generation
3D
cultures,
primary
stem
or
lines.
panoply
methods
has
been
developed
generate
structures,
spontaneous
forced
aggregation,
air–liquid
interface
conditions,
low
attachment
supports,
magnetic
levitation,
scaffold-based
technologies.
The
choice
most
appropriate
method
depends
on
(i)
origin
tissue,
(ii)
presence
absence
a
disease,
(iii)
intended
application.
This
review
summarizes
approaches
cancer
spheroids
organoids,
their
advantages
limitations.
We
also
highlight
some
challenges
unresolved
issues
field
discuss
possible
therapeutic
applications.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: July 19, 2023
Abstract
The
biofabrication
of
three-dimensional
(3D)
tissues
that
recapitulate
organ-specific
architecture
and
function
would
benefit
from
temporal
spatial
control
cell-cell
interactions.
Bioprinting,
while
potentially
capable
achieving
such
control,
is
poorly
suited
to
organoids
with
conserved
cytoarchitectures
are
susceptible
plastic
deformation.
Here,
we
develop
a
platform,
termed
Spatially
Patterned
Organoid
Transfer
(SPOT),
consisting
an
iron-oxide
nanoparticle
laden
hydrogel
magnetized
3D
printer
enable
the
controlled
lifting,
transport,
deposition
organoids.
We
identify
cellulose
nanofibers
as
both
ideal
biomaterial
for
encasing
magnetic
nanoparticles
shear-thinning,
self-healing
support
maintaining
positioning
facilitate
generation
assembloids.
leverage
SPOT
create
precisely
arranged
assembloids
composed
human
pluripotent
stem
cell-derived
neural
patient-derived
glioma
In
doing
so,
demonstrate
potential
platform
construct
which
key
developmental
processes
disease
etiologies.
Frontiers in Oncology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: April 28, 2023
Heterogeneity
describes
the
differences
among
cancer
cells
within
and
between
tumors.
It
refers
to
describing
variations
in
morphology,
transcriptional
profiles,
metabolism,
metastatic
potential.
More
recently,
field
has
included
characterization
of
tumor
immune
microenvironment
depiction
dynamics
underlying
cellular
interactions
promoting
ecosystem
evolution.
been
found
most
tumors
representing
one
challenging
behaviors
ecosystems.
As
critical
factors
impairing
long-term
efficacy
solid
therapy,
heterogeneity
leads
resistance,
more
aggressive
metastasizing,
recurrence.
We
review
role
main
models
emerging
single-cell
spatial
genomic
technologies
our
understanding
heterogeneity,
its
contribution
lethal
outcomes,
physiological
challenges
consider
designing
therapies.
highlight
how
dynamically
evolve
because
leverage
this
unleash
recognition
through
immunotherapy.
A
multidisciplinary
approach
grounded
novel
bioinformatic
computational
tools
will
allow
reaching
integrated,
multilayered
knowledge
required
implement
personalized,
efficient
therapies
urgently
for
patients.
Bioactive Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
28, P. 386 - 401
Published: June 16, 2023
Organoids
are
in
vitro
model
systems
that
mimic
the
complexity
of
organs
with
multicellular
structures
and
functions,
which
provide
great
potential
for
biomedical
tissue
engineering.
However,
their
current
formation
heavily
relies
on
using
complex
animal-derived
extracellular
matrices
(ECM),
such
as
Matrigel.
These
often
poorly
defined
chemical
components
exhibit
limited
tunability
reproducibility.
Recently,
biochemical
biophysical
properties
hydrogels
can
be
precisely
tuned,
offering
broader
opportunities
to
support
development
maturation
organoids.
In
this
review,
fundamental
ECM
vivo
critical
strategies
design
organoid
culture
summarized.
Two
typically
derived
from
natural
synthetic
polymers
applicability
improve
organoids
presented.
The
representative
applications
incorporating
into
highlighted.
Finally,
some
challenges
future
perspectives
also
discussed
developing
advanced
technologies
toward
supporting
research.
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(4), P. 1058 - 1058
Published: March 30, 2023
In
the
last
decades
three-dimensional
(3D)
in
vitro
cancer
models
have
been
proposed
as
a
bridge
between
bidimensional
(2D)
cell
cultures
and
vivo
animal
models,
gold
standards
preclinical
assessment
of
anticancer
drug
efficacy.
3D
can
be
generated
through
multitude
techniques,
from
both
immortalized
lines
primary
patient-derived
tumor
tissue.
Among
them,
spheroids
organoids
represent
most
versatile
promising
they
faithfully
recapitulate
complexity
heterogeneity
human
cancers.
Although
their
recent
applications
include
screening
programs
personalized
medicine,
not
yet
established
tools
for
studying
efficacy
supporting
preclinical-to-clinical
translation,
which
remains
mainly
based
on
experimentation.
this
review,
we
describe
state-of-the-art
evaluation
agents,
focusing
potential
contribution
to
replace,
reduce
refine
experimentations,
highlighting
strength
weakness,
discussing
possible
perspectives
overcome
current
challenges.
