Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of cell origin and change functions phenotypes other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker therapeutic potential have generated broad interest, as evidenced by steady year-on-year increase in numbers scientific publications about EVs. Important advances been made EV metrology understanding applying biology. However, hurdles remain to realising EVs domains ranging from basic biology clinical applications due challenges nomenclature, separation non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation functional studies. To address opportunities this rapidly evolving field, International Society for Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information Studies Vesicles', which was first published 2014 then 2018 MISEV2014 MISEV2018, respectively. The goal current document, MISEV2023, is provide researchers with an updated snapshot available approaches advantages limitations production, multiple sources, including culture, body fluids solid tissues. In addition presenting latest art principles research, document also covers advanced techniques that are currently expanding boundaries field. MISEV2023 includes new sections on release uptake a brief discussion vivo study Compiling feedback ISEV expert task forces more than 1000 researchers, conveys research facilitate robust discoveries move field forward even rapidly.

Language: Английский

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Drug delivery systems for RNA therapeutics

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(5), P. 265 - 280

Published: Jan. 4, 2022

Language: Английский

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The blood–brain barrier: Structure, regulation and drug delivery

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: May 25, 2023

Abstract Blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protective membrane that prevents central nervous system (CNS) from toxins and pathogens in blood. However, the presence of BBB complicates pharmacotherapy for CNS disorders as most chemical drugs biopharmaceuticals have been impeded to enter brain. Insufficient drug delivery into brain leads low therapeutic efficacy well aggravated side effects due accumulation other organs tissues. Recent breakthrough materials science nanotechnology provides library advanced with customized structure property serving powerful toolkit targeted delivery. In-depth research field anatomical pathological study on further facilitates development brain-targeted strategies enhanced crossing. In this review, physiological different cells contributing are summarized. Various emerging permeability regulation crossing including passive transcytosis, intranasal administration, ligands conjugation, coating, stimuli-triggered disruption, overcome obstacle highlighted. Versatile systems ranging organic, inorganic, biologics-derived their synthesis procedures unique physio-chemical properties summarized analyzed. This review aims provide an up-to-date comprehensive guideline researchers diverse fields, offering perspectives system.

Language: Английский

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Targeting drugs to tumours using cell membrane-coated nanoparticles

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 33 - 48

Published: Oct. 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Exosomes: Large-scale production, isolation, drug loading efficiency, and biodistribution and uptake

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 347, P. 533 - 543

Published: May 24, 2022

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles and nanoparticles: emerging complexities

Trends in Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(8), P. 667 - 681

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

The study of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and nanoparticles (NPs) is rapidly expanding because recent discoveries have revealed a much greater complexity diversity than was appreciated only few years ago. New types EVs NPs recently been described. Proteins nucleic acids previously thought to be packaged in exosomes appear more enriched different two identified amembranous NPs, exomeres supermeres. Thus, our understanding the cell biology intercellular communication facilitated by release state flux. In this review, we describe highlight advances, present major outstanding questions.

Language: Английский

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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles for immunomodulation and regeneration: a next generation therapeutic tool?

Cell Death and Disease, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(7)

Published: July 4, 2022

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be widely isolated from various tissues including bone marrow, umbilical cord, and adipose tissue, with the potential for self-renewal multipotent differentiation. There is compelling evidence that therapeutic effect of MSCs mainly depends on their paracrine action. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are fundamental effectors play a crucial role in intercellular communication, existing body fluids cell supernatants. Since MSC-derived EVs retain function protocells have lower immunogenicity, they wide range prospective applications advantages over therapy. We describe some characteristics MSC-EVs, discuss immune regulation regeneration, emphasis molecular mechanism application MSC-EVs treatment fibrosis support tissue repair. also highlight current challenges clinical ways to overcome problem quality heterogeneity.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles as tools and targets in therapy for diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized, membranous structures secreted into the extracellular space. They exhibit diverse sizes, contents, and surface markers ubiquitously released from cells under normal pathological conditions. Human serum is a rich source of these EVs, though their isolation proteins non-EV lipid particles poses challenges. These transport various cellular components such as proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs, DNA, lipids across distances, influencing numerous physiological events, including those within tumor microenvironment (TME). Their pivotal roles in communication make EVs promising candidates for therapeutic agents, drug delivery systems, disease biomarkers. Especially cancer diagnostics, EV detection can pave way early identification offers potential diagnostic Moreover, subtypes emerging targeted tools, highlighting clinical significance. The need non-invasive biomarkers to monitor biological processes purposes remains unfulfilled. Tapping unique composition could unlock advanced avenues future. In this review, we discuss detail conditions, cancers (encompassing head neck, lung, gastric, breast, hepatocellular carcinoma), neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, viral infections, autoimmune renal diseases, emphasizing advancements molecular diagnostics delivery.

Language: Английский

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Kidney fibrosis: from mechanisms to therapeutic medicines

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: March 17, 2023

Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is estimated to affect 10–14% of global population. Kidney fibrosis, characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition leading scarring, a hallmark manifestation in different progressive CKD; However, at present no antifibrotic therapies against CKD exist. fibrosis identified tubule atrophy, interstitial chronic inflammation and fibrogenesis, glomerulosclerosis, vascular rarefaction. Fibrotic niche, where organ initiates, complex interplay between injured parenchyma (like tubular cells) multiple non-parenchymal cell lineages (immune mesenchymal located spatially within scarring areas. Although the mechanisms are complicated due kinds cells involved, with help single-cell technology, many key questions have been explored, such as what kind renal tubules profibrotic, myofibroblasts originate, which immune how communicate each other. In addition, genetics epigenetics deeper that regulate fibrosis. And reversible nature epigenetic changes including DNA methylation, RNA interference, chromatin remodeling, gives an opportunity stop or reverse therapeutic strategies. More marketed (e.g., RAS blockage, SGLT2 inhibitors) developed delay progression recent years. Furthermore, better understanding also favored discover biomarkers fibrotic injury. review, we update advances mechanism summarize novel treatment for CKD.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic roles of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in cancer

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Sept. 3, 2021

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membrane structures enclosing proteins, lipids, RNAs, metabolites, growth factors, and cytokines. EVs have emerged as essential intercellular communication regulators in multiple physiological pathological processes. Previous studies revealed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could either support or suppress tumor progression different cancers by paracrine signaling via MSC-derived EVs. Evidence suggested mimic their parental cells, possessing pro-tumor anti-tumor effects, inherent tropism. Therefore, can be a cell-free cancer treatment alternative. This review discusses insights regarding EVs' roles summarizes bioengineered EVs’ applications safe versatile agent delivery platforms. Meanwhile, current hurdles of moving from bench to bedside also discussed.

Language: Английский

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